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Thakur V, Baghmare P, Verma A, Verma JS, Geed SR. Recent progress in microbial biosurfactants production strategies: Applications, technological bottlenecks, and future outlook. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 408:131211. [PMID: 39102966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface-active compounds produced by numerous microorganisms. They have gained significant attention due to their wide applications in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, and environmental remediation. The production efficiency and yield of microbial biosurfactants have improved significantly through the development and optimization of different process parameters. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of recent trends and developments in microbial biosurfactant production strategies, including submerged, solid-state, and co-culture fermentation. Additionally, review discusses biosurfactants' applications, challenges, and future perspectives. It highlights their advantages over chemical surfactants, emphasizing their biodegradability, low toxicity, and diverse chemical structures. However, the critical challenges in commercializing include high production costs and low yield. Strategies like genetic engineering, process optimization, and downstream processing, have been employed to address these challenges. The review provides insights into current commercial producers and highlights future perspectives such as novel bioprocesses, efficient microbial strains, and exploring their applications in emerging industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Thakur
- School of Biotechnology, RGPV Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462033, India; CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Pawan Baghmare
- School of Biotechnology, RGPV Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462033, India; CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Jitendra Singh Verma
- CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India.
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Hosseini H, Saadaoui I, Cherif M, Amir Siddiqui S, Sayadi S. Exploring the dynamics of algae-associated microbiome during the scale-up process of Tetraselmis sp. microalgae: A metagenomics approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:129991. [PMID: 37949148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have become a key source of valuable compounds, promoting commercial scale applications. However, biological contamination is one of the most critical problems associated with large scale algal production, especially in open systems such as raceway ponds. The current research is the first to assess the effectiveness of open raceway ponds in maintaining a pure culture of Tetraselmis sp., starting from 20 L culture up to 10,000 L culture. Microbial profiling of each successive stage revealed lower abundance of eukaryotic organisms, whereas bacterial abundance increased notably resulting in a significant decrease in Tetraselmis sp. abundance. Furthermore, several bacteria with algae growth-promoting properties were found throughout the various culture stages including Balneola, Roseovarius, and Marinobacter. However, some algae-suppressive bacteria were evidenced at later stages such as Ulvibacter, Aestuariicoccus, and Defluviimonas. Overall, due to the increasing bacterial concentration, considerations limiting bacterial contamination need to be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Hosseini
- Biotechnology Program, Centre for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Imen Saadaoui
- Biotechnology Program, Centre for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Maroua Cherif
- Biotechnology Program, Centre for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Simil Amir Siddiqui
- Biotechnology Program, Centre for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Biotechnology Program, Centre for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Gebreyohannes G, Sbhatu DB, Nyerere AK, Gebrehiwot AG. Biofilm-Inhibitory Activity of Wild Mushroom Extracts against Pathogenic Bacteria. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2024; 2024:7011982. [PMID: 38318096 PMCID: PMC10843873 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7011982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate the bacterial biofilm-inhibitory effect of mushroom extracts. Methods Mushrooms were collected from Arabuko-Sokoke and Kakamega forests and identified using morphological and molecular approaches. Auricularia auricula-judae, Microporus xanthopus, Termitomyces umkowaani, Trametes elegans, and Trametes versicolor were extracted by chloroform, 70% ethanol, and hot water. Extracts were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923). Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 20.0. Results Chloroform, 70% ethanol, and hot water extracts of A. auricula-judae (50 μg/mL) showed statistically significant antibiofilm activities against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and S. aureus (p ≤ 0.05). M. xanthopus extracts (250 μg/mL) revealed significantly significant antibiofilm activities against each test bacterium (p ≤ 0.05). All extracts of T. umkowaani (250 μg/mL) exhibited statistically significant antibiofilm activities against S. aureus only (p ≤ 0.05). Chloroform extract of T. elegans (250 μg/mL) showed the best antibiofilm activity (69.75 ± 0.01%) against S. aureus. All T. versicolor extracts (250 μg/mL) indicated the best antibiofilm activities against S. aureus. Conclusions Being the first study of its kind to be conducted in Kenya, it added a novel concept to the body of knowledge already known about medical biotechnology research. It offers a fresh understanding of the various varieties of mushrooms found in Kenya, their potential biological function in the production of drugs, particularly those that combat drug resistance, and perhaps even a peek at their bioactive elements. Wild mushrooms, a hidden gem, might help to reopen the pipeline of new antibiotics that have been on the decline. However, further research is required to determine the potential mechanism(s) of action of the extracts that are in charge of the apparent antibiofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gebreselema Gebreyohannes
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Mekele, Ethiopia
| | - Desta Berhe Sbhatu
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Mekelle Institute of Technology, Mekelle University, Mekele, Ethiopia
| | - Andrew Kimang'a Nyerere
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
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Trentin R, Moschin E, Custódio L, Moro I. Bioprospection of the Antarctic Diatoms Craspedostauros ineffabilis IMA082A and Craspedostauros zucchelli IMA088A. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:35. [PMID: 38248660 PMCID: PMC10820014 DOI: 10.3390/md22010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In extreme environments such as Antarctica, a diverse range of organisms, including diatoms, serve as essential reservoirs of distinctive bioactive compounds with significant implications in pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, and biotechnological fields. This is the case of the new species Craspedostauros ineffabilis IMA082A and Craspedostauros zucchellii IMA088A Trentin, Moschin, Lopes, Custódio and Moro (Bacillariophyta) that are here explored for the first time for possible biotechnological applications. For this purpose, a bioprospection approach was applied by preparing organic extracts (acetone and methanol) from freeze-dried biomass followed by the evaluation of their in vitro antioxidant properties and inhibitory activities on enzymes related with Alzheimer's disease (acetylcholinesterase: AChE, butyrylcholinesterase: BChE), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, α-glucosidase, α-amylase), obesity (lipase) and hyperpigmentation (tyrosinase). Extracts were then profiled by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-HR-MS/MS), while the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles were established by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Our results highlighted strong copper chelating activity of the acetone extract from C. ineffabilis and moderate to high inhibitory activities on AChE, BChE, α-amylase and lipase for extracts from both species. The results of the chemical analysis indicated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their derivatives as the possible compounds responsible for the observed activities. The FAME profile showed saturated fatty acids (SFA) as the main group and methyl palmitoleate (C16:1) as the predominant FAME in both species. Overall, our results suggest both Antarctic strains as potential sources of interesting molecules with industrial applications. Further studies aiming to investigate unidentified metabolites and to maximize growth yield and natural compound production are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Trentin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Moschin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Isabella Moro
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Labes A. Marine Resources Offer New Compounds and Strategies for the Treatment of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:387. [PMID: 37504918 PMCID: PMC10381745 DOI: 10.3390/md21070387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprospecting of the marine environment for drug development has gained much attention in recent years owing to its massive chemical and biological diversity. Drugs for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections have become part of the search, mainly with respect to enlarging the number of available antibiotics, with a special focus on multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, being the major causative agents in this field. Marine resources offer novel natural products with distinct biological activities of pharmaceutical importance, having the chance to provide new chemical scaffolds and new modes of action. New studies advance the field by proposing new strategies derived from an ecosystemic understanding for preventive activities against biofilms and new compounds suitable as disinfectants, which sustain the natural flora of the skin. Still, the development of new compounds is often stuck at the discovery level, as marine biotechnology also needs to overcome technological bottlenecks in drug development. This review summarizes its potential and shows these bottlenecks and new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Labes
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology, Flensburg University of Applied Sciences ZAiT, Kanzleistraße 91-93, D-24943 Flensburg, Germany
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Ghattavi S, Homaei A. Marine enzymes: Classification and application in various industries. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123136. [PMID: 36621739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Oceans are regarded as a plentiful and sustainable source of biological compounds. Enzymes are a group of marine biomaterials that have recently drawn more attention because they are produced in harsh environmental conditions such as high salinity, extensive pH, a wide temperature range, and high pressure. Hence, marine-derived enzymes are capable of exhibiting remarkable properties due to their unique composition. In this review, we overviewed and discussed characteristics of marine enzymes as well as the sources of marine enzymes, ranging from primitive organisms to vertebrates, and presented the importance, advantages, and challenges of using marine enzymes with a summary of their applications in a variety of industries. Current biotechnological advancements need the study of novel marine enzymes that could be applied in a variety of ways. Resources of marine enzyme can benefit greatly for biotechnological applications duo to their biocompatible, ecofriendly and high effectiveness. It is beneficial to use the unique characteristics offered by marine enzymes to either develop new processes and products or improve existing ones. As a result, marine-derived enzymes have promising potential and are an excellent candidate for a variety of biotechnology applications and a future rise in the use of marine enzymes is to be anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Ghattavi
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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