Illustration of Multilevel Explanatory IRT Model DIF Testing with the Creative Thinking Scale

Estimating Explanatory Extensions of Dichotomous and Polytomous Rasch Models: The eirm Package in R

Explanatory item response modeling (EIRM) enables researchers and practitioners to incorporate item and person properties into item response theory (IRT) models. Unlike traditional IRT models, explanatory IRT models can explain common variability stemming from the shared variance among item clusters and person groups. In this tutorial, we present the R package eirm, which provides a simple and easy-to-use set of tools for preparing data, estimating explanatory IRT models based on the Rasch family, extracting model output, and visualizing model results. We describe how functions in the eirm package can be used for estimating traditional IRT models (e.g., Rasch model, Partial Credit Model, and Rating Scale Model), item-explanatory models (i.e., Linear Logistic Test Model), and person-explanatory models (i.e., latent regression models) for both dichotomous and polytomous responses. In addition to demonstrating the general functionality of the eirm package, we also provide real-data examples with annotated R codes based on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.