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Sundar V, Brucker DL. Work limitations as a moderator of the relationship between job crafting and work performance: results from an SEM analysis of cross-sectional survey data. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023; 33:107-120. [PMID: 35852695 PMCID: PMC9295103 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Job crafting is an incremental, employee-initiated job design process used to achieve a better fit between job demands and worker skills. Persons with work limitations face multiple barriers to optimal work performance. Some persons with work limitations may innately use job crafting as a strategy to achieve better alignment with their job tasks and demands, however the extent to which job crafting may be helpful in improving work performance and engagement is unknown. The purpose of this study is (1) to examine the moderating role of work limitations in the relationship between job crafting and work performance and (2) to understand the complex relationship between job crafting, work limitations, work engagement, work performance, readiness to change, and worker characteristics. METHODS We conducted an online survey of workers with and without disabilities (final N = 742) in 2020-2021. Our sample included workers aged 18 and older. Descriptive statistics, bivariate statistics, and Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) were used to assess the relationships among job crafting, work limitations, work engagement, work performance, readiness to change, and worker characteristics. RESULTS Work limitation moderates the relationship between job crafting and work performance by weakening the impact of innate job crafting on work performance. Worker characteristics such as education and years of work experience predict crafting behaviors and work engagement mediates the relationship between job crafting and work performance. CONCLUSIONS Work limitation weakens the relationship between job crafting and work performance. Workers with limitations may benefit from job crafting interventions to increase work engagement and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Sundar
- Occupational Therapy Department, University of New Hampshire, 115 Hewitt Hall, 4 Library Way, 03824, Durham, NH, United States.
| | - Debra L Brucker
- Institute on Disability, University of New Hampshire, 10 West Edge Drive, Suite 101, 03824, Durham, NH, United States
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Amenyah SD, Waters D, Tang W, Fenge LA, Murphy JL. Systematic realist synthesis of health-related and lifestyle interventions designed to decrease overweight, obesity and unemployment in adults. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2100. [PMCID: PMC9668709 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Obesity and unemployment are complex social and health issues with underlying causes that are interconnected. While a clear link has been established, there is lack of evidence on the underlying causal pathways and how health-related interventions could reduce obesity and unemployment using a holistic approach.
Objectives
The aim of this realist synthesis was to identify the common strategies used by health-related interventions to reduce obesity, overweight and unemployment and to determine for whom and under what circumstances these interventions were successful or unsuccessful and why.
Methods
A realist synthesis approach was used. Systematic literature searches were conducted in Cochrane library, Medline, SocIndex, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and PsychInfo. The evidence from included studies were synthesised into Context-Mechanism-Outcome configurations (CMOcs) to better understand when and how programmes work, for which participants and to refine the final programme theory.
Results
A total of 83 articles met the inclusion criteria. 8 CMOcs elucidating the contexts of the health-related interventions, underlying mechanisms and outcomes were identified. Interventions that were tailored to the target population using multiple strategies, addressing different aspects of individual and external environments led to positive outcomes for reemployment and reduction of obesity.
Conclusion
This realist synthesis presents a broad array of contexts, mechanisms underlying the success of health-related interventions to reduce obesity and unemployment. It provides novel insights and key factors that influence the success of such interventions and highlights a need for participatory and holistic approaches to maximise the effectiveness of programmes designed to reduce obesity and unemployment.
Trial registration
PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020219897.
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Britt E, Soleymani S, Wallace‐Bell M, Garland A. Motivational interviewing for employment: An exploration of practitioner skill and client change talk. JOURNAL OF EMPLOYMENT COUNSELING 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/joec.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Britt
- School of Psychology, Speech & Hearing University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Sara Soleymani
- School of Psychology, Speech & Hearing University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Mark Wallace‐Bell
- School of Health Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Anna Garland
- School of Psychology, Speech & Hearing University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
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Schlegelmilch A, Roskowski M, Brinck EA, Anderson CA, Hartman E, Chan F, Tansey TN, Decker-Maurer H. Stages of Change Scale to Measure Work Readiness of Transition-Age Youth With Disabilities: A Promising Approach. REHABILITATION COUNSELING BULLETIN 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0034355220970619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The experience of transitioning into adulthood is a critical phase in life. The navigation of government benefits adds further complexity that can affect employment outcomes for youth with disabilities. Some individuals hesitate to work out of fear to losing access to monetary, disability, and related health care benefits. However, using available work incentives while pursuing employment and career paths can provide opportunities to work and address poverty without forgoing needed services. The Wisconsin Promoting Readiness of Minors in Supplemental Security Income (PROMISE) research grant aimed to positively change youth readiness to work through the use of Motivational Interviewing, work incentive benefits counseling, financial capability building, shifting expectations, and help in navigating transition resources. To measure the impact on readiness to work, 126 transition-age youth receiving supplemental security income (SSI), 188 of their family members, and 411 Division of Vocational Rehabilitation (DVR) counselors working with the youth and families completed a modified Stages of Change Scale survey. Results indicated that youths’ work readiness and positive feelings about work significantly increased from baseline to follow-up, along with an increase in employment rates. The implications of these findings highlight the utility of incorporating the stages of change theory into the design and implementation of services and supports to increase work readiness for youth with disabilities in transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Schlegelmilch
- University of Wisconsin-Stout Vocational Rehabilitation Institute, Menomonie, USA
| | - Matthew Roskowski
- University of Wisconsin-Stout Vocational Rehabilitation Institute, Menomonie, USA
| | | | | | - Ellie Hartman
- Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development, Madison, USA
| | - Fong Chan
- Univeristy of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
| | | | - Heidi Decker-Maurer
- University of Wisconsin-Stout Vocational Rehabilitation Institute, Menomonie, USA
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Subramaniam M, Zhang Y, Shahwan S, Vaingankar JA, Satghare P, Teh WL, Roystonn K, Goh CMJ, Maniam Y, Tan ZL, Tay B, Verma S, Chong SA. Employment of young people with mental health conditions: making it work. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 44:2033-2043. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1822932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yunjue Zhang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Wen Lin Teh
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | | | | | - Yogeswary Maniam
- Department of Early Psychosis Intervention, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Zhuan Liang Tan
- Sector Strategy Group, National Council of Social Service, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Tay
- Sector Strategy Group, National Council of Social Service, Singapore
| | - Swapna Verma
- Department of Early Psychosis Intervention, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
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LePage JP, Crawford AM, Cipher DJ, Anderson K, Rock A, Johnson JAP, Washington EL, Ottomanelli L. Blending Traditional Vocational Services and Individualized Placement and Support for Formerly Incarcerated Veterans. Psychiatr Serv 2020; 71:816-823. [PMID: 32393158 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201900421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared two vocational programs: the About Face Vocational Program (AFVP), a traditional group-based vocational program created for formerly incarcerated veterans, and a hybrid program combining the AFVP with principles of individual placement and support-supported employment. METHODS The study evaluated 111 veterans with at least one felony conviction who had a mental illness, substance use disorder, or both. Veterans were randomly assigned to either vocational condition. RESULTS Veterans in the hybrid condition, compared with the AFVP alone, were more likely to find employment, had higher rates of full-time employment, and earned significantly more money over the course of the study. A comparison of only participants who found employment showed higher rates of full-time employment for veterans in the hybrid condition but similarities between the two groups in other measures of employment success. CONCLUSIONS Blended models of vocational services for veterans with mental illness, substance use disorders, or both are effective at returning formerly incarcerated veterans to competitive employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P LePage
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas (LePage, Rock); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (LePage); Dallas VA Research Corporation, Dallas (Crawford, Parish Johnson, Washington); College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington (Cipher); Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins (Anderson); James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, and Department of Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, University of South Florida, Tampa (Ottomanelli)
| | - April M Crawford
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas (LePage, Rock); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (LePage); Dallas VA Research Corporation, Dallas (Crawford, Parish Johnson, Washington); College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington (Cipher); Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins (Anderson); James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, and Department of Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, University of South Florida, Tampa (Ottomanelli)
| | - Daisha J Cipher
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas (LePage, Rock); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (LePage); Dallas VA Research Corporation, Dallas (Crawford, Parish Johnson, Washington); College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington (Cipher); Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins (Anderson); James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, and Department of Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, University of South Florida, Tampa (Ottomanelli)
| | - Kemol Anderson
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas (LePage, Rock); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (LePage); Dallas VA Research Corporation, Dallas (Crawford, Parish Johnson, Washington); College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington (Cipher); Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins (Anderson); James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, and Department of Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, University of South Florida, Tampa (Ottomanelli)
| | - Avery Rock
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas (LePage, Rock); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (LePage); Dallas VA Research Corporation, Dallas (Crawford, Parish Johnson, Washington); College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington (Cipher); Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins (Anderson); James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, and Department of Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, University of South Florida, Tampa (Ottomanelli)
| | - Julie A Parish Johnson
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas (LePage, Rock); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (LePage); Dallas VA Research Corporation, Dallas (Crawford, Parish Johnson, Washington); College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington (Cipher); Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins (Anderson); James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, and Department of Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, University of South Florida, Tampa (Ottomanelli)
| | - Edward L Washington
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas (LePage, Rock); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (LePage); Dallas VA Research Corporation, Dallas (Crawford, Parish Johnson, Washington); College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington (Cipher); Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins (Anderson); James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, and Department of Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, University of South Florida, Tampa (Ottomanelli)
| | - Lisa Ottomanelli
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) North Texas Health Care System, Dallas (LePage, Rock); Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (LePage); Dallas VA Research Corporation, Dallas (Crawford, Parish Johnson, Washington); College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington (Cipher); Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins (Anderson); James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, and Department of Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling, University of South Florida, Tampa (Ottomanelli)
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Hult M, Lappalainen K, Saaranen TK, Räsänen K, Vanroelen C, Burdorf A. Health-improving interventions for obtaining employment in unemployed job seekers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 1:CD013152. [PMID: 31912888 PMCID: PMC6956407 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013152.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unemployment is associated with decreased health which may be a reason or a consequence of becoming unemployed. Decreased health can inhibit re-employment. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of health-improving interventions for obtaining employment in unemployed job seekers. SEARCH METHODS We searched (3 May 2018, updated 13 August 2019) the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SocINDEX, OSH Update, ClinicalTrials.gov, the WHO trials portal, and also reference lists of included studies and selected reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of the effectiveness of health-improving interventions for obtaining employment in unemployed job seekers. The primary outcome was re-employment reported as the number or percentage of participants who obtained employment. Our secondary outcomes were health and work ability. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently screened studies, extracted outcome data, and assessed risk of bias. We pooled study results with random-effect models and reported risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and assessed the overall quality of the evidence for each comparison using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We included 15 randomised controlled trials (16 interventions) with a total of 6397 unemployed participants. Eight studies evaluated therapeutic interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy, physical exercise, and health-related advice and counselling and, in seven studies, interventions were combined using therapeutic methods and job-search training. Therapeutic interventions Therapeutic interventions compared to no intervention may increase employment at an average of 11 months follow-up but the evidence is very uncertain (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.87, n = 1142, 8 studies with 9 interventions, I² = 52%, very low-quality evidence). There is probably no difference in the effects of therapeutic interventions compared to no intervention on mental health (SMD 0.12, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.29, n = 530, 2 studies, low-quality evidence) and on general health (SMD 0.19, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.41, n = 318, 1 study, moderate-quality evidence). Combined interventions Combined interventions probably increase employment slightly compared to no intervention at an average of 10 months follow-up (RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.20, n = 4101, 6 studies, I² = 7%). There were no studies that measured work-ability, adverse events, or cost-effectiveness. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Interventions combining therapeutic methods and job-search training probably have a small beneficial effect in increasing employment. Therapeutic interventions may have an effect on re-employment, but we are very uncertain. Therapeutic interventions may not improve health in unemployed job seekers. Large high-quality RCTs targeting short-term or long-term unemployed people are needed to increase the quality of the evidence. A cost-effectiveness assessment is needed of the small beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja Hult
- University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | | | - Terhi K Saaranen
- University of Eastern FinlandDepartment of Nursing ScienceP.O.Box 1627KuopioFinland70211
| | - Kimmo Räsänen
- University of Eastern FinlandInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Occupational Health UnitPO Box 1627KuopioFinland70211
| | - Christophe Vanroelen
- Vrije Universiteit BrusselInterface Demography, Department of SociologyPleinlaan 2BrusselsBelgium1050
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Erasmus Medical CenterDepartment of Public HealthPO Box 2040RotterdamNetherlands3000 CA
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Hartman E, Schlegelmilch A, Roskowski M, Anderson CA, Tansey TN. Early findings from the Wisconsin PROMISE project: Implications for policy and practice. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/jvr-191036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Hartman
- University of Wisconsin-Stout, Vocational Rehabilitation Institute, Stout, WI, USA
| | - Amanda Schlegelmilch
- University of Wisconsin-Stout, Vocational Rehabilitation Institute, Stout, WI, USA
| | - Matthew Roskowski
- University of Wisconsin-Stout, Vocational Rehabilitation Institute, Stout, WI, USA
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