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Ma W, Chen K, Xiao W, Tang H, Wang S, Wang K. Evaluation of relationship between SPON1 gene and genetic susceptibility of postmenopausal osteoporosis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 48:818-823. [PMID: 32484721 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1771350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is one of systemic bone degenerative diseases characterised by decreased bone mineral density (BMD). Previous studies suggest that the SPON1 gene may be associated with BMD and play an important role in the occurrence and development of PMOP. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential association between PMOP and the SPON1 gene.Methods: A total of 8062 postmenopausal women comprising 2684 primary PMOP patients, and 5378 healthy controls were recruited. Forty tag SNPs were selected for genotyping to evaluate the association of the SPON1 gene with PMOP and BMD. Genetic association and bioinformatics analyses were performed for PMOP.Results: SNP rs2697825 was identified to be significantly associated with the risk of PMOP at both allelic (T-statistics = -3.84, p = .0001) and genotypic levels (χ2=15.86, p = .0004). The G allele of SNP rs2697825 was significantly associated with a decreased risk of PMOP with an OR [95%] of 0.84 [0.77-0.92]. The G allele of SNP rs2697825 was associated with increased BMD at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck.Conclusions: Our results provide further evidence to support the important role for the SPON1 gene in the aetiology of PMOP, adding to the current understanding of the susceptibility to osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Hip Injury and Disease, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Hip Injury and Disease, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Wenqing Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Hongtao Tang
- Department of Hip Injury and Disease, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- Department of Hip Injury and Disease, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Kunzheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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2
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Wu L, Li L, Liang Y, Chen X, Mou P, Liu G, Sun X, Qin B, Zhang S, Zhao C. Identification of differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs in orbital adipose/connective tissue of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Genomics 2020; 113:440-449. [PMID: 32919017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix remodeling and orbital adipose/connective tissue expansion are two key features of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Recent studies have indicated the critical role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of ocular disorders. However, little is known about the roles of lncRNAs in orbital adipose/connective tissue of TAO. In this study, the profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the orbital adipose/connective tissue of TAO were identified by RNA sequencing. A total of 809 differential lncRNAs and 607 differential mRNAs were identified, among which 52 genes were found to be significantly related to the extracellular matrix. Co-expression network analysis suggested that lncRNAs might regulate extracellular matrix remodeling in orbital adipose/connective tissue of TAO. Additionally, the target genes of lncRNAs involved in the lipid metabolism and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction were also identified. These results may provide potential regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in the orbital adipose/connective tissue of TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianqun Wu
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lei Li
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 20003, China
| | - Pei Mou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 20003, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, 430 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiantao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmolgoy, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, 255 Gangdu Road, Zhengzhou 450053, China
| | - Bing Qin
- Department of Ophthalmolgoy, Suqian First Hospital, 120 Suzhi Road, Suqian 223800, China
| | - Shujie Zhang
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Chen Zhao
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
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3
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Gregson CL, Newell F, Leo PJ, Clark GR, Paternoster L, Marshall M, Forgetta V, Morris JA, Ge B, Bao X, Duncan Bassett JH, Williams GR, Youlten SE, Croucher PI, Davey Smith G, Evans DM, Kemp JP, Brown MA, Tobias JH, Duncan EL. Genome-wide association study of extreme high bone mass: Contribution of common genetic variation to extreme BMD phenotypes and potential novel BMD-associated genes. Bone 2018; 114:62-71. [PMID: 29883787 PMCID: PMC6086337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generalised high bone mass (HBM), associated with features of a mild skeletal dysplasia, has a prevalence of 0.18% in a UK DXA-scanned adult population. We hypothesized that the genetic component of extreme HBM includes contributions from common variants of small effect and rarer variants of large effect, both enriched in an extreme phenotype cohort. METHODS We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of adults with either extreme high or low BMD. Adults included individuals with unexplained extreme HBM (n = 240) from the UK with BMD Z-scores ≥+3.2, high BMD females from the Anglo-Australasian Osteoporosis Genetics Consortium (AOGC) (n = 1055) with Z-scores +1.5 to +4.0 and low BMD females also part of AOGC (n = 900), with Z-scores -1.5 to -4.0. Following imputation, we tested association between 6,379,332 SNPs and total hip and lumbar spine BMD Z-scores. For potential target genes, we assessed expression in human osteoblasts and murine osteocytes. RESULTS We observed significant enrichment for associations with established BMD-associated loci, particularly those known to regulate endochondral ossification and Wnt signalling, suggesting that part of the genetic contribution to unexplained HBM is polygenic. Further, we identified associations exceeding genome-wide significance between BMD and four loci: two established BMD-associated loci (5q14.3 containing MEF2C and 1p36.12 containing WNT4) and two novel loci: 5p13.3 containing NPR3 (rs9292469; minor allele frequency [MAF] = 0.33%) associated with lumbar spine BMD and 11p15.2 containing SPON1 (rs2697825; MAF = 0.17%) associated with total hip BMD. Mouse models with mutations in either Npr3 or Spon1 have been reported, both have altered skeletal phenotypes, providing in vivo validation that these genes are physiologically important in bone. NRP3 regulates endochondral ossification and skeletal growth, whilst SPON1 modulates TGF-β regulated BMP-driven osteoblast differentiation. Rs9292469 (downstream of NPR3) also showed some evidence for association with forearm BMD in the independent GEFOS sample (n = 32,965). We found Spon1 was highly expressed in murine osteocytes from the tibiae, femora, humeri and calvaria, whereas Npr3 expression was more variable. CONCLUSION We report the most extreme-truncate GWAS of BMD performed to date. Our findings, suggest potentially new anabolic bone regulatory pathways that warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia L Gregson
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Felicity Newell
- Translational Genomics Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul J Leo
- Translational Genomics Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Graeme R Clark
- Translational Genomics Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Mhairi Marshall
- Translational Genomics Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Vincenzo Forgetta
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - John A Morris
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bing Ge
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xiao Bao
- Translational Genomics Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - J H Duncan Bassett
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Graham R Williams
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Scott E Youlten
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter I Croucher
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - David M Evans
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John P Kemp
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew A Brown
- Translational Genomics Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia
| | - Jon H Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emma L Duncan
- Translational Genomics Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba 4102, QLD, Australia; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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4
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Orimoto A, Kurokawa M, Handa K, Ishikawa M, Nishida E, Aino M, Mitani A, Ogawa M, Tsuji T, Saito M. F-spondin negatively regulates dental follicle differentiation through the inhibition of TGF-β activity. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 79:7-13. [PMID: 28282516 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE F-spondin is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that belongs to the thrombospondin type I repeat superfamily and is a negative regulator of bone mass. We have previously shown that f-spondin is specifically expressed in the dental follicle (DF), which gives rise to the periodontal ligament (PDL) during the tooth root formation stage. To investigate the molecular mechanism of PDL formation, we investigated the function of f-spondin in DF differentiation. DESIGN The expression patterning of f-spondin in the developing tooth germ was compared with that of periodontal ligament-related genes, including runx2, type I collagen and periostin, by in situ hybridization analysis. To investigate the function of f-spondin during periodontal ligament formation, an f-spondin adenovirus was infected into the bell stage of the developing tooth germ, and the effect on dental differentiation was analyzed. RESULTS F-spondin was specifically expressed in the DF of the developing tooth germ; by contrast, type I collagen, runx2 and periostin were expressed in the DF and in the alveolar bone. F-spondin-overexpresssing tooth germ exhibited a reduction in gene expression of periostin and type I collagen in the DF. By contrast, the knockdown of f-spondin in primary DF cells increased the expression of these genes. Treatment with recombinant f-spondin protein functionally inhibited periostin expression induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). CONCLUSION Our data indicated that f-spondin inhibits the differentiation of DF cells into periodontal ligament cells by inhibiting TGF-β. These data suggested that f-spondin negatively regulates PDL differentiation which may play an important role in the immature phenotype of DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Orimoto
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Misaki Kurokawa
- Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Japan
| | - Keisuke Handa
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishikawa
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Eisaku Nishida
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Aino
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akio Mitani
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Miho Ogawa
- Laboratory for Organ Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuji
- Laboratory for Organ Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Saito
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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Schwabe K, Garcia M, Ubieta K, Hannemann N, Herbort B, Luther J, Noël D, Jorgensen C, Casteilla L, David JP, Stock M, Herrmann M, Schett G, Bozec A. Inhibition of Osteoarthritis by Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Overexpressing Fra-1 in Mice. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 68:138-51. [DOI: 10.1002/art.39425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kay Schwabe
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
| | | | - Kenia Ubieta
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
| | | | | | - Julia Luther
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany, and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Daniele Noël
- INSERM U844, Hôpital Saint-Eloi; Montpellier France
| | | | - Louis Casteilla
- INSERM U1031, STROMALab, Universite Paul Sabatier, CNRS-EFS-UMR5273; Toulouse France
| | - Jean-Pierre David
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany, and University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | | | | | - Georg Schett
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Erlangen Germany
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Hu H, Xin N, Liu J, Liu M, Wang Z, Wang W, Zhang Q, Qi J. Characterization of F-spondin in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and its role in the nervous system development of teleosts. Gene 2015; 575:623-31. [PMID: 26390814 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
F-spondin was originally isolated from the developing embryonic floor plate of vertebrates, secreting numerous kinds of neuron-related molecules. The protein performs a positive function in nervous system development, which is attributed to the high conservation of F-spondin protein, an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein in several species. However, its precise function remains unknown, especially in marine fish. In this study, the F-spondin of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). was cloned, and its expression pattern and structural characteristics were analyzed. The 2421bp-long cDNA ORF of PoF-spondin was obtained and divided into 14 exons spread over 61,496bp of the genomic sequence. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PoF-spondin was actually the ortholog of the human spon1 gene and shared high identities with other teleost spon1a genes. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that PoF-spondin was maternally expressed, and transcripts were present from one-cell stage to hatching stage, peaking at tailbud stage. Tissue distribution analysis indicated that PoF-spondin was detectable mainly in the gonads (especially in the ovary) and the brain. Whole mount in situ hybridization analysis revealed that the PoF-spondin transcription distributed throughout the cleavage of the ball in the early stage and expressed at a high level in the floor plate of the trunk at tailbud and pre-hatching stages. Furthermore, the expression of genes related to nervous system development (spon1b, foxo3b, and foxj1a) was significantly increased after the injection of PoF-spondin into the embryos of wild-type zebrafish. Furthermore, PoF-spondin significantly suppressed the expression of the chordamesoderm marker gene ntl, increased the expression of otx2/krox20, ectoderm mark genes, and left the expression of dorsal mesodermal marker gene gsc unaffected at 50% epiboly stage in zebrafish. In short, our results suggest that PoF-spondin functions in the development of the teleost nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Nian Xin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jinxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wenji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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7
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Chang H, Dong T, Ma X, Zhang T, Chen Z, Yang Z, Zhang Y. Spondin 1 promotes metastatic progression through Fak and Src dependent pathway in human osteosarcoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:45-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Oka H, Kitagawa M, Takata T. F-spondin inhibits differentiation of clastic precursors via lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8). J Periodontol 2014; 86:465-72. [PMID: 25299387 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND F-spondin, known to be a secreted neuronal glycoprotein, is highly expressed on the tooth root surface. The authors previously reported that F-spondin is one of the specific markers of cementoblasts in periodontal tissue. In chronic periodontitis, significant cemental resorption rarely occurs on the root side, although alveolar bone resorption by osteoclasts is one of the major pathologic changes. Thus, it was hypothesized that secretory F-spondin from cementoblasts might be involved in differentiation of clastic cells on the root surface. The authors studied effects of secretory F-spondin from F-spondin-expressing cells and its pathway on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated differentiation of clastic cells. METHODS Osteoclast precursors were used in this study. With a chamber assay, the authors examined effects of secretory molecules from F-spondin-expressing cells of transgenic mice on RANKL-induced clastic cell differentiation. RESULTS Secretory molecules from F-spondin-overexpressing cells significantly inhibited the RANKL-mediated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells from primary progenitor cells with the chamber system. F-spondin suppressed RANKL-mediated nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1); TRAP; cathepsin K; and dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) expression in the cells. The suppressive effect of F-spondin on RANKL-induced differentiation of clastic cells was partially blocked by knockdown of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that secretory factors from F-spondin-expressing cells, including F-spondin, downregulate differentiation of clastic precursors. Moreover, F-spondin inhibits RANKL-mediated differentiation of clastic cells partially via LRP8. It is suggested that secretory F-spondin may act protectively from cemental resorption partially via LRP8 in periodontal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Oka
- Department of International Collaboration Development for Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Thompson EM, Matsiko A, Farrell E, Kelly DJ, O'Brien FJ. Recapitulating endochondral ossification: a promising route toin vivobone regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 9:889-902. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmet M. Thompson
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Dublin Ireland
| | - Amos Matsiko
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Dublin Ireland
| | - Eric Farrell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC; University Medical Centre Rotterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Daniel J. Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Dublin Ireland
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering; Trinity College Dublin; Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute; Trinity College Dublin; Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Dublin Ireland
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10
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Amin AR, Islam ABMMK. Genomic analysis and differential expression of HMG and S100A family in human arthritis: upregulated expression of chemokines, IL-8 and nitric oxide by HMGB1. DNA Cell Biol 2014; 33:550-65. [PMID: 24905701 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2013.2198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We applied global gene expression arrays, quantitative real-time PCR, immunostaining, and functional assays to untangle the role of High Mobility Groups proteins (HMGs) in human osteoarthritis (OA)-affected cartilage. Bioinformatics analysis showed increased mRNA expression of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs): HMGA, HMGB, HMGN, SRY, LEF1, HMGB1, MMPs, and HMG/RAGE-interacting molecules (spondins and S100A4, S100A10, and S100A11) in human OA-affected cartilage as compared with normal cartilage. HMGB2 was down-regulated in human OA-affected cartilage. Immunohistological staining identified HMGB1 in chondrocytes in the superficial cartilage. Cells of the deep cartilage and subchondral bone showed increased expression of HMGB1 in OA-affected cartilage. HMGB1 was expressed in the nucleus, cytosol, and extracellular milieu of chondrocytes in cartilage. Furthermore, HMGB1 was spontaneously released from human OA-affected cartilage in ex vivo conditions. The effects of recombinant HMGB1 was tested on human cartilage and chondrocytes in vitro. HMGB1 stimulated mRNA of 2 NFκB gene enhancers (NFκB1 and NFκB2), 16 CC and CXC chemokines (IL-8, CCL2, CCL20, CCL3, CCL3L1, CCL3L3, CCL4, CCL4L1, CCL4L2, CCL5, CCL8, CXCL1, CXCL10, CXCL2, CXCL3, and CXCL6) by ≥10-fold. Furthermore, HMGB1 and IL-1β and/or tumor necrosis factor α (but not HMGI/Y) also significantly induced inducible nitric oxide synthase, NO, and interleukin (IL)-8 production in human cartilage and chondrocytes. The recombinant HMGB1 utilized in this study shows properties that are similar to disulfide-HMGB1. The differential, stage and/or tissue-specific expression of HMGB1, HMGB2, and S100A in cartilage was associated with regions of pathology and/or cartilage homeostasis in human OA-affected cartilage. Noteworthy similarities in the expression of mouse and human HMGB1 and HMGB2 were conserved in normal and arthritis-affected cartilage. The multifunctional forms of HMGB1 and S100A could perpetuate damage-induced cartilage inflammation in late-stage OA-affected joints similar to sterile inflammation. The paracrine effects of HMGB1 can induce chemokines and NO that are perceived to change cartilage homeostasis in human OA-affected cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok R Amin
- 1 Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, Virginia Tech and Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine , RheuMatrix, Inc., Blacksburg, Virginia
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11
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Palmer GD, Attur MG, Yang Q, Liu J, Moon P, Beier F, Abramson SB. F-spondin deficient mice have a high bone mass phenotype. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98388. [PMID: 24875054 PMCID: PMC4038615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
F-spondin is a pericellular matrix protein upregulated in developing growth plate cartilage and articular cartilage during osteoarthritis. To address its function in bone and cartilage in vivo, we generated mice that were deficient for the F-spondin gene, Spon1. Spon1−/− mice were viable and developed normally to adulthood with no major skeletal abnormalities. At 6 months, femurs and tibiae of Spon1−/− mice exhibited increased bone mass, evidenced by histological staining and micro CT analyses, which persisted up to 12 months. In contrast, no major abnormalities were observed in articular cartilage at any age group. Immunohistochemical staining of femurs and tibiae revealed increased levels of periostin, alkaline phosphate and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in the growth plate region of Spon1−/− mice, suggesting elevated bone synthesis and turnover. However, there were no differences in serum levels of TRAP, the bone resorption marker, CTX-1, or osteoclast differentiation potential between genotypes. Knockout mice also exhibited reduced levels of TGF-β1 in serum and cultured costal chondrocytes relative to wild type. This was accompanied by increased levels of the BMP-regulatory SMADs, P-SMAD1/5 in tibiae and chondrocytes. Our findings indicate a previously unrecognized role for Spon1 as a negative regulator of bone mass. We speculate that Spon1 deletion leads to a local and systemic reduction of TGF-β levels resulting in increased BMP signaling and increased bone deposition in adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glyn D Palmer
- Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine and NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mukundan G Attur
- Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine and NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Qing Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine and NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - James Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine and NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Paxton Moon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Beier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven B Abramson
- Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine and NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York, United States of America
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Pax1 acts as a negative regulator of chondrocyte maturation. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:3128-39. [PMID: 24080012 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Paired box gene 1 (Pax1) indirectly promotes the early stages of chondrogenic differentiation through induction and transactivation of Nk3 homeobox 2 (Nkx3.2), a transcriptional repressor. Later in chondrogenic differentiation, Nkx3.2 blocks chondrocyte hypertrophy by repressing Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Here we report the inhibitory action of Pax1 on chondrocyte maturation, independently of Nkx3.2. Upon cartilage formation, Pax1 expression in the ventral sclerotome was gradually decreased except for the perichondrial region of the vertebral bodies and the intervertebral region, both of which express SRY-box containing gene 9 (Sox9). Forced expression of Pax1 in the chick forelimb resulted in the formation of shortened skeletal elements with a significant reduction of proteoglycans (PGs) accumulation in cartilage as well as a lack of the cortical bone formation and vascular invasion into the primary ossification center. Pax1-misexpressing chondrocytes exhibited aberrant cell morphology with a marked downregulation of Aggrecan (Agc1). Pax1-misexpressing cultured chondrocytes failed to accumulate cartilaginous PGs and became fibroblastic, in association with downregulation of the expression of Sox9, Nkx3.2, Indian hedgehog (Ihh), type II collagen (Col2a1), Chondromodulin-1 (Chm1), and Agc1. Accumulation of cartilaginous PGs in chondrocytes was also reduced by forced expression of Pax1 and Sox9. Thus, chondrocyte maturation driven by Sox9 is antagonized by Pax1 that is downregulated during chondrogenic differentiation.
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F-spondin regulates the differentiation of human cementoblast-like (HCEM) cells via BMP7 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 418:229-33. [PMID: 22244873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cementum plays an important role in the attachment of connective tissue to the root surface. However, the detailed mechanism of cementum formation has not yet been clarified. We previously established human cementoblast-like cell lines (HCEM) and human periodontal ligament cell lines (HPL) by infection of hTERT gene. Using those cell lines, we compared the gene expression of them and identified F-spondin as a cementoblast specific gene. In this study, to clarify the role of F-spondin in the differentiation of periodontal ligament cells to cementoblasts, we compared the gene expression of F-spondin-overexpressed HPL (HPL-spondin) cells with HPL parent cells. We found that several genes expressed higher level in HPL-spondin cells than in HPL cells, such as heparin sulfate 6-sulfotranferase, calcitonin-related polypeptide beta, bone morphogenetic proteins 7 (BMP7), BMP2 and BMP8B. Among those genes, we focused on BMP7 and examined the interaction between F-spondin and BMP7, because BMP7 was reported to enhance cementoblast function. Moreover, we further examined the effect of BMP7 peptide on the expression of mineralization-associated genes in HCEM cells. RT-PCR and real-time PCR analyses showed that HPL-spondin expressed BMP7, but not HPL cells. And BMP7 and phospho-Smad1/5/8 protein production were detected in HPL-spondin by Western blot. siSPON1 inhibited expression of type I collagen, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) mRNA in HCEM cells. And the mineralization tended to be decreased in siSPON1 treated cells by ALZ staining and the quantification analysis. Moreover, we examined the effect of BMP7 peptide on the gene expressions of HCEM cells by RT-PCR. Increase of the osteopontin and BSP mRNA was observed in BMP7 treated HCEM cells. These findings indicate that F-spondin regulates the differentiation of HCEM cells via BMP7 expression.
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Oka H, Mori M, Kihara H. F-spondin inhibits migration and differentiation of osteoclastic precursors. J Periodontol 2011; 82:1776-83. [PMID: 21488757 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically, severe cemental resorption is a rare consequence of periodontitis, although alveolar bone resorption by osteoclasts is one of the main pathologic changes. F-spondin is a secreted neuronal glycoprotein that localizes to the cementum. F-spondin is among the cementum-specific factors in periodontal tissue that have been reported. However, the effects of F-spondin on osteoclastogenesis have not yet been established. We examined the effects of F-spondin on stages of osteoclastogenesis, migration, and differentiation in a mouse osteoclastic precursor model, RAW 264 cells. METHODS RAW 264 cells were treated with recombinant F-spondin. Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF)-induced cell migration was examined by migration assay performed with cell culture inserts. Osteoclastic differentiation was measured by counting tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells. RESULTS In a transmigration assay, F-spondin significantly downregulated M-CSF-induced cell migration. Further, F-spondin significantly reduced the number of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand-induced TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. The receptor-associated protein, an antagonist of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family, blocked the effects of F-spondin on M-CSF-induced migration. The suppressive effect of F-spondin on M-CSF-induced cell migration was blocked by knockdown of LDL receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8), a member of the LDL receptor family. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that F-spondin downregulates recruitment to the root side of periodontal tissue via LRP8 and inhibits differentiation of osteoclastic precursors. It is suggested that F-spondin is essential to protect the root surface from resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Oka
- Promoting Office of Graduate Program for BioDental Education, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
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