Psychometric approach of the revised illness perception questionnaire for oral health (IPQ-R-OH) in patients with periodontal disease

Maintenance in relationships, satisfaction, jealousy, and violence in young couples: a network analysis

BACKGROUND

The study explores the associations among Relationship Maintenance, Satisfaction, Jealousy, and Violence in young Peruvian couples, particularly in a post-pandemic context, using a network analysis.

METHODS

Eight hundred thirty-two participants aged 18-30 (M = 20.94, SD = 2.29), with 645 females (77.50%) and 187 males (22.50%), were involved. The study aimed to discern relationships among network nodes, emphasizing the link between Relationship Maintenance dimensions and Jealousy and Violence. The research also sought the central node in the network and examined gender-specific node connections, using the SMOTE algorithm for gender data balance.

RESULTS

Findings revealed a direct connection between Complementarity and Jealousy, implying intense shared interests can lead to unhealthy dependence. An inverse relationship was seen between Companionship and Violence. Satisfaction was pivotal, showcasing its importance in romantic relationship success. Additionally, the study shows men prioritize Companionship and Sharing, possibly due to cultural norms, while women focus on the Companionship-Complementarity bond, indicating mutual support.

CONCLUSIONS

The research emphasizes the critical role of maintenance variables in determining Satisfaction, Jealousy, and Violence in relationships. The pandemic's influence on romantic dynamics is evident, emphasizing the importance of Satisfaction. Future studies should focus on gender equity and further explore these relationships.

Translation and cultural adaptation of the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised for Dental to Brazil

This study aimed to translate and to perform the cultural adaptation of the instrument Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised for Dental (IPQ-RD) into Brazilian Portuguese. The IPQ-RD consists of 34 items that assess the cognitive and emotional representation/perception of parents/caregivers of children with dental caries, with response options on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from "Strongly agree" (score 1) to "Strongly disagree" (score 5). The higher the score, the lower the perception of the disease. The protocol consists of translation into Brazilian Portuguese, back-translation into English, revision by an Expert Review Committee, and pre-test (application in parents/caregivers of children in dental care). For some questions, the translated versions were identical (T1 = T2); for others, one version was preferred (T1 or T2); for still others, it was decided to modify terms to obtain greater clarity on the item (T3). In the first pre-test, three questions were misunderstood by more than 15% of the sample, after which the items were reviewed by the Expert Review Committee. In the second pre-test, the adapted version was applied to a new sample of parents/caregivers (n = 15) and the questions were understood by more than 85% of the participants. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the IPQ-RD was well understood by the evaluated population.

Love, jealousy, satisfaction and violence in young couples: A network analysis

In recent years, couples have been affected by health measures related to COVID-19, a circumstance that forces us to examine couple interactions in terms of crucial variables of their functioning. In this sense, the present study aimed to examine the association between love, jealousy, satisfaction, and violence in young couples through network analysis. A total of 834 young people and adults between 18 and 38 years of age (Mean = 20.97, SD = 2.39) participated; 646 women (77.50%) and 188 men (22.50%), who completed the Sternberg's love scale (STLS-R), Brief Jealousy Scale (BJS), Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) and Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST-2). A partial unregularized network was estimated using the ggmModSelect function. The Bridge Strength index was calculated because the aim was to identify the bridge nodes between the variables under study. The results reveal that two nodes of the love variable, Commitment, and Intimacy, had a direct and moderate relationship with the Satisfaction node. The latter is the central node in the network. However, in the male group, the most intense associations are in Satisfaction-Intimacy, Violence-Passion, Jealousy-Commitment. It is concluded that there are relevant connections between the nodes of the network, which invite further research on couple relationships after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Psychometric approach to evaluate periodontal disease using Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire

Introduction:

Illness perception is the cognitive representation of an illness, which determines how a person responds to it. The Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) assesses seven components of illness representation in various chronic diseases, but queries prevail about its factor structure. The study assesses the components of illness representation in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 625 voluntary, consecutive dental patients with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis were recruited into the study. The Hindi version of IPQ-R was used, consisting of three parts-identity scale, structured scale, and perceived causes of the patient's ailment.

Results:

Of the 625 participants, 44.0% reported cyclical disease pattern, 30.4% said their disease was a mystery. Only 1.6% predicted it to remain throughout their life. A total of 44.0% of participants reported the disease to impact their day-to-day life severely. A significant difference was observed between males and females across seven components of IPQ-R. While 21.6% of participants attributed stress to be a major cause for their diseased state, 20.8% reported workload to be a major cause, but 42.4% attributed poor medical care in the past to be a major cause for their state.

Conclusions:

A sensible approach to treating a disease is to measure the patient's illness perception and target specific interventions accordingly. It would be cost-effective and break misconceptions about diseases in patients, ultimately providing them with better overall health and satisfaction.

Adaptation and psychometric testing of the Chinese version of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire for cervical cancer patients

PURPOSE

Illness perception is an important factor that influences psychological distress, coping behaviors, and illness outcomes, and this factor is often assessed by the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R). Data regarding illness perception among cervical cancer patients are limited, especially in China. The study aimed to adapt and psychometrically test the Chinese version of the IPQ-R for Cervical Cancer (CIPQ-R-CC).

METHODS

This was a methodological study. Before the survey, the identity and causal subscales (originally 14 and 18 items, respectively) were adapted. Data were collected from 220 cervical cancer patients (N = 220) from June 2018 to February 2019. Psychometric properties were assessed using explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, one-way analysis of variance, t-tests and Cronbach's alpha coefficients.

RESULTS

Eight identity items and twenty-six causal items were included in the CIPQ-R-CC, which showed acceptable content validity (I-CVI = 0.78-1.00, S-CVI = 0.97-0.99). A five-factor solution was obtained from the cause subscale by explanatory factor analysis, and these factors explained 60.19% of the total variance. For Part III of the CIPQ-R-CC, after deleting nine items and respecifying five error covariances, the proposed seven-factor model was confirmed. There were low to moderate correlations between the latent factors (r＜0.52). Known-group validity was demonstrated in some groups with different demographic characteristics. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were also acceptable (0.60-0.88).

CONCLUSION

The CIPQ-R-CC is a reliable and valid tool for assessing illness perception among Chinese cervical cancer patients. Future studies are needed to verify its factor structure and to confirm its theoretical connotation.

The psychometric properties of a new oral health illness perception measure for adults aged 62 years and older

BACKGROUND

Based on the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM), a new integrated Illness Perception Questionnaire Revised for Dental Use in Older/Elder Adults (IPQ-RDE) was developed for single and multiple dental conditions. This study describes psychometric properties of the IPQ-RDE for adults 62 years and older.

METHODS

Participants (n = 198) living in 16 subsidized housing facilities completed the IPQ-RDE and a questionnaire assessing their socio-demographics, frequency of dental visits, perceived condition of teeth/gums, depression, social support, and oral health quality of life (OHQOL). Participants received dental screening for presence/absence of teeth, coronal and root caries, and periodontitis. The 43-item IPQ-RDE was tested for internal (construct, discriminant) and external validity (concurrent, construct, discriminant, predictive) and reliability (internal consistency).

RESULTS

Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that a ten-factor model in accordance with the CSM framework (identity, consequences, control, timeline, illness coherence, treatment burden, prioritization, causal relationship, activity restriction, emotional representations) had good construct validity based on significant factor loadings and acceptable model fit (RMSEA = 0.065, CFI = 0.902). Edentulous participants had significantly higher mean factor scores (inaccurate perception) for overall IPQ-RDE and four constructs indicating concurrent validity. Discriminant validity was suggested by non-relationship with external measures (education, dental visit frequency). Predictive validity was indicated by the negative correlation of most constructs with OHQOL suggesting that inaccurate perception was related to lower quality of life. Internal consistency of eight IPQ-RDE constructs was excellent (Cronbach's alpha > 0.73).

CONCLUSIONS

The IPQ-RDE is a valid and reliable new measure for assessing older adult's perception of dental conditions. It can be an important tool for oral health behavioral research to restructure older adult's perception of dental conditions, and subsequently prevent tooth loss and improve oral health quality of life.