Occlusal trauma is associated with periodontitis: A retrospective case-control study

The Role of Systemic Health Indicators, Including C-Reactive Protein and eGFR, in Predicting Periodontal Disease: A Longitudinal Study

C-reactive protein (CRP) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are key biomarkers reflecting systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. This study explored systemic and oral health indicators, including CRP and eGFR, as potential factors associated with periodontitis, using a longitudinal clinical dataset comprising 23,742 records from patients identified by ICD-10 codes between 2015 and 2022. Univariate Cox analysis and Gompertz models, selected based on AIC and BIC after evaluating alternative models, were employed to assess the predictive roles of CRP and eGFR in periodontitis incidence, adjusting for oral and systemic health factors. Elevated CRP (>15 mg/L) and reduced eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) were significant predictors of periodontitis, with hazard ratios (HR) of 1.36 [1.05-1.77] and 1.39 [1.08-1.78], respectively. Atherosclerosis (HR: 2.12 [1.11-4.06]), diseases of the hard tissues of the teeth (HR: 7.30 [5.45-9.78]), and disorders of the teeth and supporting structures (HR: 3.02 [2.05-4.43]) also demonstrated strong predictive associations. CRP and eGFR emerged as potential biomarkers for predicting periodontitis, enabling early interventions to prevent tooth loss and systemic complications. Patients with chronic kidney disease, atherosclerotic heart disease, and lipid metabolism disorders are at higher risk, emphasizing the need for integrated care addressing both systemic and oral health factors.

Periodontal effects of two Somnodent oral devices for the treatment of OSA: A finite element study

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to evaluate the stresses and the deformations generated at the periodontal level by two mandibular advancement devices (MADs) using finite element analysis.

METHODS

A three-dimensional digital model of the skull of a 29-year-old patient was created using a CBCT. The 3D models of two MADs (Somnodent FlexTM and Somnodent AvantTM) were reconstructed from scanning prototypes based on the patient's anatomy. The overall geometry was imported into software for the finite element study. A force of 11.18 N representing an advancement of 9.5 mm was applied to the devices. A finite element analysis wfas subsequently performed.

RESULTS

Somnodent FlexTM generates a peak of 3.27 kPa on periodontal ligaments and 287 kPa on teeth. For Somnodent AvantTM the maximum stress is 4.53 kPa on periodontal ligaments and 467 kPa on teeth.

CONCLUSION

Different activation mechanisms of the devices generate stresses of different entities.

The signaling pathways involved in non-coding RNA regulation during osteogenic differentiation of periodontal tissue-derived cells in the field of periodontitis

Periodontitis is a prevalent oral disease caused by chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues surrounding the teeth, which can lead to bone loss, tooth loosening, and even tooth loss. This inflammation has a negative impact on the osteogenic differentiation capacity of periodontal tissue-derived cells. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules that do not encode proteins but can regulate various physiological processes. In this review, we summarized the critical signaling pathways that ncRNAs modulate in osteogenic differentiation of periodontal tissue-derived cells, such as the Wnt, BMP/Smad, NF-κB, and PI3-K/Akt/mTOR pathways. This comprehensive exploration of ncRNA-mediated modulation offers fresh and promising insights for prospective approaches in the management of periodontitis and the advancement of periodontal regeneration therapies.

Distribution and influencing factors on residual pockets of the teeth in patients with periodontitis following non-surgical periodontal treatment: a retrospective observational study

BACKGROUND

Periodontitis is a chronic and multi-factorial infectious disease. A notable difference exists in the prognosis of patients with severe periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Thus, a retrospective study was conducted to identify common and specific factors that impact the prognosis of patients with periodontitis stage III-IV following non-surgical periodontal treatment at different tooth sites.

METHODS

A total of 977 teeth were included in the study, comprising 266 patients diagnosed with periodontitis stage III-IV. This sample included 330 anterior teeth, 362 maxillary posterior teeth, and 285 mandibular posterior teeth. Following treatment, the teeth were categorized into two groups based on residual pocket depth [probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm] at 3 months post-treatment. The prognosis of periodontitis stage III-IV was assessed through multivariate analysis employing logistic regression to determine the association of various risk factors.

RESULTS

The PD values of each site and the deepest PD values of each tooth significantly decreased at 3 months post-treatment. Residual pockets were predominantly found in the mesio/disto-buccal and mesio/disto-lingual regions. Multivariate analysis revealed that gender, PD, sulcus bleeding index (SBI) and plaque index (PLI) at baseline, and crown-root ratio in anterior teeth had a significant influence on periodontitis stage III-IV (P < 0.05). Smoking, PD, PLI and furcation involvement (FI) at baseline, PLI at 3 months post-treatment, grades of periodontitis, and crown-root ratio were prediction factors for maxillary posterior teeth. Factors such as PD, PLI and FI at baseline, PLI at 3 months post-treatment, and crown-root were significant in mandibular posterior teeth.

CONCLUSIONS

The outcome of non-surgical treatment varies depending on the tooth positions for patients with periodontitis stage III-IV. Dentists must accurately identify the affected teeth that have periodontal pockets of more than 5 mm, taking into consideration the positions of the affected teeth, as well as various local and systemic factors. This comprehensive assessment will enable dentists to develop a customized and effective treatment plan.