Clinical performance of hydrophilic, titanium-zirconium dental implantsin patients with well-controlled and poorly-controlledtype 2 diabetes: One-Year results of a dual-centerprospectivecohort study

Peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation: A critical update

Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory condition induced by bacterial biofilm that affects the soft and hard tissues surrounding dental implants, compromising the success of implant therapy. Recent studies have highlighted the potential links between peri-implant health and systemic inflammation, including uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, psychological stress, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and infectious diseases such as COVID-19. As an inflammatory disease, peri-implantitis may trigger systemic inflammation by elevating circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could have unknown impacts on overall health. While the relationship between periodontal health and systemic conditions is better understood, the association between peri-implant disease and systemic inflammation remains unclear. Therefore, this comprehensive review aims to summarize the most recent evidence on the relationship between peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation, focusing on biological complications, microbiology, and biomarkers. This review aims to enhance our understanding of the links between peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation and promote further research in this field by discussing the latest insights and clinical implications.

Systemic Diseases and Biological Dental Implant Complications: A Narrative Review

The relationship between periodontitis and such systemic disorders as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity has been extensively investigated. There is less scientific evidence available, however, regarding the influence of systemic diseases on the risk of late failure of dental implant rehabilitation due to peri-implantitis. The aim of the present study was to review the literature on the role of several common systemic disorders (diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and osteoporosis) in the onset of peri-implantitis. A database search initially yielded 2787 studies of potential interest published up to 1 March 2022 (993 in PubMed; 908 in Web of Science; and 886 in Scopus). After removing 1190 duplicate articles and checking the titles, abstracts and full texts for relevance, 70 articles were selected for the present analysis. Only cohort, case-control studies and clinical case series were considered. Most of the literature concludes for no association between diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension or osteoporosis and the risk of peri-implantitis. On the other hand, almost all the studies that investigated obesity as a risk factor for implant rehabilitation found a positive association between the two. Further longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the effects of systemic diseases on rehabilitation with dental implants.

Efficiency of Nanohydroxyapatite on Repairing Type II Diabetes Dental Implant-Bone Defect

The purpose of this study was to see how a nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) composite polyamide 66 (PA66) affected the repair of bone defects in diabetics with titanium implants, as well as to develop experimental materials for the creation of the interface between bone tissue and titanium implants. Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated using n-HA/PA66 composite material, and the effect of coculture with the material on cell proliferation was analyzed after induction of mineralization. Bone defect models of diabetic experimental rabbits and titanium implants were prepared. Normal rabbits with bone defects were used as control (NC group, N = 8). After the diabetic bone defect (DM group, N = 8) and the implantation of n-HA/PA66 composite material (n-HA/PA66 group, N = 8), the differences in body weight, blood glucose, scanning electron microscopy of the implant-bone interface, bone mineral density, new bone trabecular parameters, histomorphology, and biomechanical properties of the implant-bone interface were compared and analyzed. In vitro test results showed that MSC cell growth could be promoted by mineralization induction, the cell growth condition was good after coculture with n-HA/PA66, and the proliferation activity of MSCs was not affected by the material. In vivo test results showed that the body weight of the DM group and n-HA/PA66 group was considerably inferior to that of the NC group, and the blood glucose was dramatically superior to that of the NC group (P < 0.05). However, the body weight of the n-HA/PA66 group was dramatically superior to that of the DM group (P < 0.05). The bone mineral density, bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone surface area fraction (BS/BV), bone trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone trabecular number (Tb.N), bone trabecular area, and biomechanical properties in the DM group were considerably inferior to those in the NC group and n-HA/PA66 group (P < 0.05). The trabecular space (Tb.Sp) in the NC group and n-HA/PA66 group was dramatically superior to that in the NC group (P < 0.05). The bone mineral density, BV/TV, BS/BV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, trabecular area, and biomechanical properties of the n-HA/PA66 group were dramatically superior to those of the NC group (P < 0.05), while Tb.Sp was considerably inferior to that of the NC group (P < 0.05). These findings showed that the n-HA/PA66 material had good biocompatibility and minimal cytotoxicity, and that filling the space between the surrounding bone and the titanium implant can enhance bone repair. This research paved the way for future research into the tissue-engineered bone in the field of oral surgery.