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Liu T, Gong X, Cai Y, Li HY, Forbes B. Pullulan-Based Spray-Dried Mucoadhesive Microparticles for Sustained Oromucosal Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:460. [PMID: 38675121 PMCID: PMC11053838 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucoadhesive microparticles for oromucosal drug delivery offer several advantages, including intimate contact with the mucosa, delivery to less accessible regions, extended residence time, sustained drug release, reduced irritation, and improved patient compliance. In this study, pullulan was used to prepare mucoadhesive spray-dried microparticles for delivering benzydamine hydrochloride (BZH) to oral mucosa. The BZH-pullulan spray-dried microparticles had a mean size of <25 μm with an angle of repose values between 25.8-36.6°. Pullulan markedly extended drug-release time to >180 min, ~9 times greater than the duration (i.e., 20 min) reportedly achieved by chitosan. Kinetic analysis showed the drug-release rate was concentration dependent and jointly controlled by drug diffusion and polymer chain relaxation. Further, pullulan was mucoadhesive and was able to retain up to 78.8% w/w of microencapsulated gold nanoparticle probes at the mucosal membrane. These data strongly suggest that BZH-pullulan microparticles have great potential for oromucosal drug delivery, by providing elongated residence time in situ and sustained drug release for the treatment of local diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- College of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (T.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xiang Gong
- Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang 550007, China;
| | - Yang Cai
- College of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; (T.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hao-Ying Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Ben Forbes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
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2
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Carou-Senra P, Rodríguez-Pombo L, Awad A, Basit AW, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Goyanes A. Inkjet Printing of Pharmaceuticals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309164. [PMID: 37946604 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Inkjet printing (IJP) is an additive manufacturing process that selectively deposits ink materials, layer-by-layer, to create 3D objects or 2D patterns with precise control over their structure and composition. This technology has emerged as an attractive and versatile approach to address the ever-evolving demands of personalized medicine in the healthcare industry. Although originally developed for nonhealthcare applications, IJP harnesses the potential of pharma-inks, which are meticulously formulated inks containing drugs and pharmaceutical excipients. Delving into the formulation and components of pharma-inks, the key to precise and adaptable material deposition enabled by IJP is unraveled. The review extends its focus to substrate materials, including paper, films, foams, lenses, and 3D-printed materials, showcasing their diverse advantages, while exploring a wide spectrum of therapeutic applications. Additionally, the potential benefits of hardware and software improvements, along with artificial intelligence integration, are discussed to enhance IJP's precision and efficiency. Embracing these advancements, IJP holds immense potential to reshape traditional medicine manufacturing processes, ushering in an era of medical precision. However, further exploration and optimization are needed to fully utilize IJP's healthcare capabilities. As researchers push the boundaries of IJP, the vision of patient-specific treatment is on the horizon of becoming a tangible reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Carou-Senra
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Lucía Rodríguez-Pombo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Atheer Awad
- Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Abdul W Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- FABRX Ltd., Henwood House, Henwood, Ashford, Kent, TN24 8DH, UK
- FABRX Artificial Intelligence, Carretera de Escairón 14, Currelos (O Saviñao), CP 27543, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Alvaro Goyanes
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
- FABRX Ltd., Henwood House, Henwood, Ashford, Kent, TN24 8DH, UK
- FABRX Artificial Intelligence, Carretera de Escairón 14, Currelos (O Saviñao), CP 27543, Spain
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Abd El-Hack ME, Kamal M, Alazragi RS, Alreemi RM, Qadhi A, Ghafouri K, Azhar W, Shakoori AM, Alsaffar N, Naffadi HM, Taha AE, Abdelnour SA. Impacts of chitosan and its nanoformulations on the metabolic syndromes: a review. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 83:e276530. [PMID: 38422267 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.276530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A significant public health issue worldwide is metabolic syndrome, a cluster of metabolic illnesses that comprises insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The creation of natural treatments and preventions for metabolic syndrome is crucial. Chitosan, along with its nanoformulations, is an oligomer of chitin, the second-most prevalent polymer in nature, which is created via deacetylation. Due to its plentiful biological actions in recent years, chitosan and its nanoformulations have drawn much interest. Recently, the chitosan nanoparticle-based delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 has been applied in treating metabolic syndromes. The benefits of chitosan and its nanoformulations on insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension will be outlined in the present review, highlighting potential mechanisms for the avoidance and medication of the metabolic syndromes by chitosan and its nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Abd El-Hack
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Poultry, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - M Kamal
- Agricultural Research Center, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - R S Alazragi
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - R M Alreemi
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Qadhi
- Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Department, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - K Ghafouri
- Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Department, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - W Azhar
- Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Department, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Shakoori
- Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Laboratory Medicine Department, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - N Alsaffar
- Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - H M Naffadi
- Umm Al-Qura University, College of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A E Taha
- Alexandria University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Edfina, Egypt
| | - S A Abdelnour
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production, Zagazig, Egypt
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4
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Pharmaceutical characterization of xerogel pill with various gelling agents as a multiple-unit dosage form for pediatric and geriatric patients. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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5
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Isabel CZ, Luis AD, Samuel ES, Elizabeth PS, Dea HR, Sergio AA. “Novel mucoadhesive PLGA-PVM/MA micro-nanocomposites loaded with felodipine intended for pulmonary administration by nebulization”. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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6
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Bashir SM, Ahmed Rather G, Patrício A, Haq Z, Sheikh AA, Shah MZUH, Singh H, Khan AA, Imtiyaz S, Ahmad SB, Nabi S, Rakhshan R, Hassan S, Fonte P. Chitosan Nanoparticles: A Versatile Platform for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15196521. [PMID: 36233864 PMCID: PMC9570720 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a biodegradable and biocompatible natural polymer that has been extensively explored in recent decades. The Food and Drug Administration has approved chitosan for wound treatment and nutritional use. Furthermore, chitosan has paved the way for advancements in different biomedical applications including as a nanocarrier and tissue-engineering scaffold. Its antibacterial, antioxidant, and haemostatic properties make it an excellent option for wound dressings. Because of its hydrophilic nature, chitosan is an ideal starting material for biocompatible and biodegradable hydrogels. To suit specific application demands, chitosan can be combined with fillers, such as hydroxyapatite, to modify the mechanical characteristics of pH-sensitive hydrogels. Furthermore, the cationic characteristics of chitosan have made it a popular choice for gene delivery and cancer therapy. Thus, the use of chitosan nanoparticles in developing novel drug delivery systems has received special attention. This review aims to provide an overview of chitosan-based nanoparticles, focusing on their versatile properties and different applications in biomedical sciences and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showkeen Muzamil Bashir
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, India
- Correspondence: (S.M.B.); (G.A.R.); (P.F.)
| | - Gulzar Ahmed Rather
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology (Deemed to be University), Chennai 600119, India
- Correspondence: (S.M.B.); (G.A.R.); (P.F.)
| | - Ana Patrício
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Zulfiqar Haq
- ICAR-Poultry Seed Project, Division of LPM, Skuast-K 132001, India
| | - Amir Amin Sheikh
- International Institute of Veterinary Education and Research (IIVER), Bahu Akbarpur, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Mohd Zahoor ul Haq Shah
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Bioscience, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462026, India
| | - Hemant Singh
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Azmat Alam Khan
- ICAR-Poultry Seed Project, Division of LPM, Skuast-K 132001, India
| | - Sofi Imtiyaz
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Showket Nabi
- Large Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ethics & Jurisprudence, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Rabia Rakhshan
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama Alusteng, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Saqib Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Pedro Fonte
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Gambelas Campus, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Gambelas Campus, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.M.B.); (G.A.R.); (P.F.)
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Ebrahimi P, Abbasi S, Pashaei R, Bogusz A, Oleszczuk P. Investigating impact of physicochemical properties of microplastics on human health: A short bibliometric analysis and review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133146. [PMID: 34871607 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are contaminants of emerging concern that attracted the attention of researchers over the last decade. They can occur in saliva and stool, and on scalp hair together with skin. Further, MPs can end up in the human diet through seafood, honey, salt, and mineral water. They can be taken up into the plants' roots and lead to the occurrence of MPs in fruits and vegetables. Concentration of the airborne MPs was also reported in the environment. These pieces of evidence clarify that introduction of MPs to the human body through ingestion and inhalation routes should not be overlooked. Following oral exposure to MPs, hazardous chemicals can be released in the gastrointestinal tract leading to toxicity. Inhalation route deserves more attention due to the oxidative potential of the inhaled plastic particles. Although the major characteristics of MPs are being investigated, there are currently few regulations to control concentration of MPs in the environment and their human health impacts remained unclear indicating the need for further investigation. For instance, it is not clear if the present air quality limits for PM2.5 and PM10 can be used for the areas with high suspended plastic particles. Without comprehensive knowledge about the retention and egestion rates of field populations, it is difficult to deduce the ecological and human health consequences. In general, more information about MP contamination in various species and the consequences of MP uptake and retention is required to gain a better idea of MPs in the food web and their environmental fate. The finer details on the MP translocation between tissues and the fate of the small plastic particles might be obtained when considering the existing information about the application of MPs in the pharmaceutical industry. In this review article, we presented a short bibliometric analysis and investigated the link between physicochemical properties of MPs and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooria Ebrahimi
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Resources Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Sajjad Abbasi
- Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran; Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, 20-031, Poland.
| | - Reza Pashaei
- Marine Research Institute of Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Aleksandra Bogusz
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute, ul. Krucza 5/11D, 00-548, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, 20-031, Poland
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8
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Araujo JM, Fortes-Silva R, Pola CC, Yamamoto FY, Gatlin DM, Gomes CL. Delivery of selenium using chitosan nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant and growth effects in Nile tilapia (Orechromis niloticus). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251786. [PMID: 34003829 PMCID: PMC8130939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the effects of selenium-loaded chitosan nanoparticles used as a dietary supplement on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) antioxidant and growth responses. First, chitosan-based nanoparticles containing selenium (Se) were synthesized using the ionotropic gelation method and their physicochemical characteristics, controlled release profile, and antioxidant activity properties were investigated. Thereafter, the effects on glutathione peroxidase and antioxidant activities (by radical scavenging activity), growth, and whole-body composition of Nile tilapia were evaluated when they were fed with Se-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and compared with other selenium dietary supplements. Se-loaded chitosan nanoparticles showed high entrapment efficiency (87%), spherical shape, smooth surface, and broad size distribution. The controlled release of Se consisted of an initial burst followed by a gradual release over 48 h. Se-loaded nanoparticles presented significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to free Se. A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to compare the effects of supplementing different dietary Se sources, including selenomethionine (as organic source), sodium selenite (as inorganic source), and Se-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Se-Nano and Se-Nano x1.5) on antioxidant and growth responses of Nile tilapia. A basal diet without Se supplementation was used as the control. The dietary supplementations with different Se sources (free and encapsulated selenium) lead to significant improvements in final weight and feed efficiency of Nile tilapia fingerlings. However, dietary treatments did not affect whole-body protein and lipid content. Diets containing Se-Nano and Se-Nano x1.5 were more effective than sodium selenite and selenomethionine in preventing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant activity in Nile tilapia. Overall, Se-loaded nanoparticles presented a great potential as an efficient source for delivering dietary Se to Nile tilapia, directly affecting the growth performance, feed efficiency, oxidative stress, and antioxidant activity of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M. Araujo
- Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Fortes-Silva
- Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Feeding Behavior and Fish Nutrition, Center of Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Cícero C. Pola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Fernando Y. Yamamoto
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, United States of America
| | - Delbert M. Gatlin
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, Texas, United States of America
| | - Carmen L. Gomes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
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9
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Jaiswal S, Dutta P, Kumar S, Chawla R. Chitosan modified by organo-functionalities as an efficient nanoplatform for anti-cancer drug delivery process. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Branca C, Conti Nibali V, Khouzami K, Wanderlingh U, D’Angelo G. Comparative study of pluronic-chitosan and pluronic-guar gum composite thermogels. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2020.1868163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Branca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Conti Nibali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Khaoula Khouzami
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ulderico Wanderlingh
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna D’Angelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT), Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
- CNR, Istituto per I Processi Chimico-Fisici, Messina, Italy
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Aspinall SR, Parker JK, Khutoryanskiy VV. Oral care product formulations, properties and challenges. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 200:111567. [PMID: 33454623 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review explores the physical, chemical and structural properties of key components of oral care products, whilst looking at the challenges which need to be overcome to continue to improve the efficacy of oral care, and improve dental health. Oral care has been an essential part of all populations and cultures around the world for thousands of years. To maintain good oral health, dental plaque causing bacteria and malodour must be controlled whilst also strengthening and protecting the teeth to prevent dental caries. Advanced modern formulations need to provide controlled and extended release of ingredients vital for dental health. With modern day products such as toothpastes and mouthwashes, it has never been easier to maintain good oral hygiene and health, yet the incidence of dental caries is still on the rise. The complex formulations of modern toothpastes and mouthwashes makes them one of the most sophisticated pharmaceutical products on the market today. The demands of the consumer coupled with the complexity of the oral cavity make it one of the most challenging development processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam R Aspinall
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK
| | - Jane K Parker
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, UK
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12
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Luo Y, Hong Y, Shen L, Wu F, Lin X. Multifunctional Role of Polyvinylpyrrolidone in Pharmaceutical Formulations. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:34. [PMID: 33404984 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01909-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a non-ionic polymer, has been employed in multifarious fields such as paper, fibers and textiles, ceramics, and pharmaceutics due to its superior properties. Especially in pharmacy, the properties of inertness, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility make it a versatile excipient for both conventional formulations and novel controlled or targeted delivery systems, serving as a binder, coating agent, suspending agent, pore-former, solubilizer, stabilizer, etc. PVP with different molecular weights (MWs) and concentrations is used in a variety of formulations for different purposes. In this review, PVP-related researches mainly in recent 10 years were collected, and its main pharmaceutical applications were summarized as follows: (i) improving the bioavailability and stability of drugs, (ii) improving the physicomechanical properties of preparations, (iii) adjusting the release rate of drugs, and (iv) prolonging the in vivo circulation time of liposomes. Most of these applications could be explained by the viscosity, solubility, hydrophilicity, and hydrogen bond-forming ability of PVP, and the specific action mechanisms for each application were also tried to figure out. The effect of PVP on bioavailability improvement establishes it as a promising polymer in the emerging controlled or targeted formulations, attracting growing interest on it. Therefore, given its irreplaceability and tremendous opportunities for future developments, this review aims to provide an informative reference about current roles of PVP in pharmacy for interested readers.
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Micro and nanoscale technologies in oral drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 157:37-62. [PMID: 32707147 PMCID: PMC7374157 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral administration is a pillar of the pharmaceutical industry and yet it remains challenging to administer hydrophilic therapeutics by the oral route. Smart and controlled oral drug delivery could bypass the physiological barriers that limit the oral delivery of these therapeutics. Micro- and nanoscale technologies, with an unprecedented ability to create, control, and measure micro- or nanoenvironments, have found tremendous applications in biology and medicine. In particular, significant advances have been made in using these technologies for oral drug delivery. In this review, we briefly describe biological barriers to oral drug delivery and micro and nanoscale fabrication technologies. Micro and nanoscale drug carriers fabricated using these technologies, including bioadhesives, microparticles, micropatches, and nanoparticles, are described. Other applications of micro and nanoscale technologies are discussed, including fabrication of devices and tissue engineering models to precisely control or assess oral drug delivery in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Strategies to advance translation of micro and nanotechnologies into clinical trials for oral drug delivery are mentioned. Finally, challenges and future prospects on further integration of micro and nanoscale technologies with oral drug delivery systems are highlighted.
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Xing L, Fan YT, Shen LJ, Yang CX, Liu XY, Ma YN, Qi LY, Cho KH, Cho CS, Jiang HL. pH-sensitive and specific ligand-conjugated chitosan nanogels for efficient drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:85-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Baus RA, Haug MF, Leichner C, Jelkmann M, Bernkop-Schnürch A. In Vitro-in Vivo Correlation of Mucoadhesion Studies on Buccal Mucosa. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2719-2727. [PMID: 31038970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the development of novel buccoadhesive formulations, their physicochemical properties, strength of the interfacial joint, and residence time on the buccal mucosa are considered as a measure for their in vivo mucoadhesive properties. Focusing on these parameters, the predictive power of established in vitro systems was assessed for mucoadhesive properties in humans using discs as the model solid dosage form. METHODS Compressed into discs, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, carbopol, polycarbophil, alginate, and xanthan gum were used as model polymers. Mucosal residence time, maximum detachment force (MDF), and total work of adhesion (TWA) were determined ex vivo on the porcine buccal mucosa and in vivo on healthy volunteers. The impact of detachment velocity, humidification, and experimental set-up employed for tensile studies was examined and correlated to in vivo studies. RESULTS Ex vivo results for mucosal residence time showed a very high correlation ( r = 0.997) with data obtained in vivo. For tensile studies, a set-up optimized for moistening the interface, speed, and alignment of the tensile force provided ex vivo results with very high correlation to in vivo experiments with r = 0.983 obtained for MDF and r = 0.973 for TWA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Experimental set-ups for the determination of mucosal residence time and tensile studies could be identified as valid methods for the development of intraoral solid dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi Angela Baus
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80/82 , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Michael Franz Haug
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80/82 , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Christina Leichner
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80/82 , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Max Jelkmann
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80/82 , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80/82 , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
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16
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Zhou J, Xu Q, Fan C, Ren H, Xu S, Hu F, Wang L, Yang K, Ji Q. Characteristics of chitosan-modified glass ionomer cement and their effects on the adhesion and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts: an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:39. [PMID: 30840153 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the possibility of adhering gingival tissue to a root surface that was restored with chitosan (CS)-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC) in the case of gingival recessions associated with root caries, which provides a theoretical basis for clinical application at the cellular level. The specimens were mixed after integrating 1, 2, and 4 wt% CS into the GIC fluid. The characteristics and cytocompatibility were then examined. As more CS was incorporated into the GIC fluid, the mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of chitosan-modified glass ionomer cement (CS-GIC) first improved but then reduced. Under scanning electron microscopy, microcracks were observed on the surface of all materials, but the fewest microcracks were observed on the surface of 2 wt% CS-GIC. The compressive strength of 2 wt% CS-GIC was significantly higher than that of the other groups at 5 days (P < 0.05) and the addition of chitosan didn't change the basic fracture mode of materials. Additionally, the integration 2 wt% CS into GIC can obviously reduce acidity of the original GIC (P < 0.01) when using extracts with concentrations of 100 and 50%. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and adhesion and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on the surface of the materials indicated that 2 wt% CS-GIC presented better cytocompatibility and was more suitable for the growth of HGFs. In summary, 2 wt% CS-GIC could be considered as a potential root filling material to allow the adhesion and growth of gingival tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Quanchen Xu
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chun Fan
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qiuxia Ji
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16# Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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17
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A novel test system for the evaluation of oral mucoadhesion of fast disintegrating tablets. Int J Pharm 2018; 551:141-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Alalaiwe A, Carpinone P, Alshahrani S, Alsulays B, Ansari M, Anwer M, Alshehri S, Alshetaili A. Influence of chitosan coating on the oral bioavailability of gold nanoparticles in rats. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 27:171-175. [PMID: 30766426 PMCID: PMC6362168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are one of the most extensively investigated metallic nanoparticles for several applications. It is less toxic than other metallic nanolattices. The exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity of gold make it possible to be administered as non-invasive radiofrequency irradiation therapy that produces sufficient heat to kill tumor cells. Nanoparticles are generally administered intravenously instead of orally due to negligible oral absorption and cellular uptake. This study evaluated the oral bioavailability of gold nanoparticles coated with chitosan (C-AuNPs), a natural mucoadhesive polymer. We employed traditional method of evaluating bioavailability that involve estimation of maximum concentrations and area under the curve of 3 nm chitosan coated gold nanoparticles (C-AuNPs) in the rat plasma following intravenous and oral administrations (0.8 mg and 8 mg/kg body weight respectively). The oral bioavailability of C-AuNPs was found to be 2.46% (approximately 25 folds higher than polyethylene glycol (PEG) coated gold nanoparticles, reported earlier). These findings suggest that chitosan coating could be better than PEG coating for the enhancement of oral bioavailability of nanoparticles.
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Key Words
- AUCINF, area under curve extrapolated till infinite time
- AUCcall, area under curve calculated till last quantifiable time point
- AUCiv, Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve of intravenous administration
- AUCpo, Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve of oral administration
- Area under curve
- Bioavailability
- C-AuNPs, gold nanoparticles coated with chitosan
- CL, clearance
- Chitosan
- Chitosan coated gold nano-particles (C-AuNP)
- Cmax, maximum concentration of gold nanoparticles in blood
- F_AUCINF, bioavailability calculated from Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Profile from Time 0 to Infinity
- Gold nanoparticles (AuNP)
- Rat plasma
- T ½, biological half-life (time required to eliminate half amount of drug from body)
- Vd, volume of distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Paul Carpinone
- Particle Engineering Research Center, University of Florida, United States
| | - Saad Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alsulays
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alshetaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Salade L, Wauthoz N, Vermeersch M, Amighi K, Goole J. Chitosan-coated liposome dry-powder formulations loaded with ghrelin for nose-to-brain delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 129:257-266. [PMID: 29902517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The nose-to-brain delivery of ghrelin loaded in liposomes is a promising approach for the management of cachexia. It could limit the plasmatic degradation of ghrelin and provide direct access to the brain, where ghrelin's specific receptors are located. Anionic liposomes coated with chitosan in either a liquid or a dry-powder formulation were compared. The powder formulation showed stronger adhesion to mucins (89 ± 4% vs 61 ± 4%), higher ghrelin entrapment efficiency (64 ± 2% vs 55 ± 4%), higher enzymatic protection against trypsin (26 ± 2% vs 20 ± 3%) and lower ghrelin storage degradation at 25 °C (2.67 ± 1.1% vs 95.64 ± 0.85% after 4 weeks). The powder formulation was also placed in unit-dose system devices that were able to generate an appropriate aerosol characterized by a Dv50 of 38 ± 6 µm, a limited percentage of particles smaller than 10 µm of 4 ± 1% and a reproducible mass delivery (CV: 1.49%). In addition, the device was able to deposit a large amount of powder (52.04% w/w) in the olfactory zone of a 3D-printed nasal cast. The evaluated combination of the powder formulation and the device could provide a promising treatment for cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Salade
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Wauthoz
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Karim Amighi
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Goole
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Effect of intercalated chitosan/clay nanostructures on concentrated pluronic F127 solution: A FTIR-ATR, DSC and rheological study. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 517:221-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Polymer adhesion predictions for oral dosage forms to enhance drug administration safety. Part 3: Review of in vitro and in vivo methods used to predict esophageal adhesion and transit time. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018. [PMID: 29524806 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The oral cavity is frequently used to administer pharmaceutical drug products. This route of administration is seen as the most accessible for the majority of patients and supports an independent therapy management. For current oral dosage forms under development, the prediction of their unintended mucoadhesive properties and esophageal transit profiles would contribute for future administration safety, as concerns regarding unintended adhesion of solid oral dosage forms (SODF) during oro-esophageal transit still remain. Different in vitro methods that access mucoadhesion of polymers and pharmaceutical preparations have been proposed over the years. The same methods might be used to test non-adhesive systems and contribute for developing safe-to-swallow technologies. Previous works have already investigated the suitability of non-animal derived in vitro methods to assess such properties. The aim of this work was to review the in vitro methodology available in the scientific literature that used animal esophageal tissue to evaluate mucoadhesion and esophageal transit of pharmaceutical preparations. Furthermore, in vivo methodology is also discussed. Since none of the in vitro methods developed are able to mimic the complex swallowing process and oro-esophageal transit, in vivo studies in humans remain as the gold standard.
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22
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Ikeuchi-Takahashi Y, Ishihara C, Onishi H. Evaluation of polyvinyl alcohols as mucoadhesive polymers for mucoadhesive buccal tablets prepared by direct compression. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1489-1500. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1321657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hiraku Onishi
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Jiang WZ, Cai Y, Li HY. Chitosan-based spray-dried mucoadhesive microspheres for sustained oromucosal drug delivery. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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24
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Cartagena AF, Esmerino LA, Polak-Junior R, Olivieri Parreiras S, Domingos Michél M, Farago PV, Campanha NH. New denture adhesive containing miconazole nitrate polymeric microparticles: Antifungal, adhesive force and toxicity properties. Dent Mater 2017; 33:e53-e61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Yarragudi SB, Richter R, Lee H, Walker GF, Clarkson AN, Kumar H, Rizwan SB. Formulation of olfactory-targeted microparticles with tamarind seed polysaccharide to improve nose-to-brain transport of drugs. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 163:216-226. [PMID: 28267500 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery and retention of drug formulations in the olfactory mucosa, the target site for nose-to-brain drug absorption is a major challenge due to the geometrical complexity of the nose and nasal clearance. Recent modelling data indicates that 10μm-sized microparticles show maximum deposition in the olfactory mucosa. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that 10μm-sized mucoadhesive microparticles would preferentially deposit on, and increase retention of drug on, the olfactory mucosa in a novel 3D-printed human nasal-replica cast under simulated breathing. The naturally occurring mucoadhesive polymer, tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) was used to formulate the microparticles using a spray drying technique. Physicochemical properties of microparticles such as size, morphology and mucoadhesiveness was investigated using a combination of laser diffraction, electron microscopy and texture-analysis. Furthermore, FITC-dextrans (5-40kDa) were incorporated in TSP-microparticles as model drugs. Size-dependent permeability of the FITC-dextrans was observed ex vivo using porcine nasal mucosa. Using the human nasal-replica cast, greater deposition of 10μm TSP-microparticles in the olfactory region was observed compared to TSP-microparticles 2μm in size. Collectively, these findings support our hypothesis that 10μm-sized mucoadhesive microparticles can achieve selective deposition and retention of drug in the olfactory mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasi B Yarragudi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Robert Richter
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Helen Lee
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Greg F Walker
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Andrew N Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Haribalan Kumar
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Shakila B Rizwan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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26
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Lindert S, Breitkreutz J. Oromucosal multilayer films for tailor-made, controlled drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2017; 14:1265-1279. [PMID: 28043165 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1276899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The oral mucosa has recently become increasingly important as an alternative administration route for tailor-made, controlled drug delivery. Oromucosal multilayer films, assigned to the monograph oromucosal preparations in the Ph.Eur. may be a promising dosage form to overcome the requirements related to this drug delivery site. Areas covered: We provide an overview of multilayer films as drug delivery tools, and discuss manufacturing processes and characterization methods. We focus on the suitability of characterization methods for particular requirements of multilayer films. A classification was performed covering indication areas and APIs incorporated in multilayer film systems for oromucosal use in order to provide a summary of data published in this field. Expert opinion: The shift in drug development to high molecular weight drugs will influence the field of pharmaceutical development and delivery technologies. For a high number of indication areas, such as hormonal disorders, cardiovascular diseases or local treatment of infections, the flexible layer design of oromucosal multilayer films provides a promising option for tailor-made, controlled delivery of APIs to or through defined surfaces in the oral cavity. However, there is a lack of discriminating or standardized testing methods to assess the quality of multilayer films in a reliable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lindert
- a Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Jörg Breitkreutz
- a Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
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27
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Drug delivery techniques for buccal route: formulation strategies and recent advances in dosage form design. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-016-0281-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Ahmed TA, Aljaeid BM. Preparation, characterization, and potential application of chitosan, chitosan derivatives, and chitosan metal nanoparticles in pharmaceutical drug delivery. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:483-507. [PMID: 26869768 PMCID: PMC4734734 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s99651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring polymers, particularly of the polysaccharide type, have been used pharmaceutically for the delivery of a wide variety of therapeutic agents. Chitosan, the second abundant naturally occurring polysaccharide next to cellulose, is a biocompatible and biodegradable mucoadhesive polymer that has been extensively used in the preparation of micro-as well as nanoparticles. The prepared particles have been exploited as a potential carrier for different therapeutic agents such as peptides, proteins, vaccines, DNA, and drugs for parenteral and nonparenteral administration. Therapeutic agent-loaded chitosan micro- or nanoparticles were found to be more stable, permeable, and bioactive. In this review, we are highlighting the different methods of preparation and characterization of chitosan micro- and nanoparticles, while reviewing the pharmaceutical applications of these particles in drug delivery. Moreover, the roles of chitosan derivatives and chitosan metal nanoparticles in drug delivery have been illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bader M Aljaeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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29
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Yusif RM, Abu Hashim II, Mohamed EA, El Rakhawy MM. Investigation and Evaluation of an in Situ Interpolymer Complex of Carbopol with Polyvinylpyrrolidone as a Matrix for Gastroretentive Tablets of Ranitidine Hydrochloride. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:42-51. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Mohammad Yusif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University
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30
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Abruzzo A, Cerchiara T, Bigucci F, Gallucci MC, Luppi B. Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Based on Chitosan/Gelatin Microparticles for Delivery of Propranolol Hydrochloride. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:4365-4372. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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31
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Ibrahim MA, Neo J, Esguerra RJ, Fawzy AS. Characterization of antibacterial and adhesion properties of chitosan-modified glass ionomer cement. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:409-19. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328215589672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim is to investigate the effect of modifying the liquid phase of a conventional glass ionomer restorative material with different chitosan volume contents on the antibacterial properties and adhesion to dentin. Methods The liquids of commercially available restorative glass ionomer cements (GIC) were modified with chitosan (CH) solutions at different volume contents (5%, 10%, 25%, and 50%). The GIC powders were mixed with the unmodified and the CH-modified liquids at the desired powder/liquid ( P/ L) ratio. For the characterization of the antibacterial properties, Streptococcus mutans biofilms were formed on GIC discs and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), confocal microscopy, colony forming unit (CFU) count, and cell viability assay (MTS). The unmodified and CH-modified GICs were bonded to dentin surfaces and the micro-tensile bond strength (µTBs) was evaluated and the interface was investigated by SEM. Results Modification with CH solutions enhanced the antibacterial properties against S. mutans in terms of resistance to biofilm formation, CFU count, and MTS assay. Generally, significant improvement in the antibacterial properties was found with the increase in the CH volume content. Modification with 25% and 50% CH adversely affected the µTBs with predominant cohesive failure in the GIC. However, no difference was found between the control and the 5% and 10% CH-modified specimens. Conclusion Incorporation of acidic solutions of chitosan in the polyacrylic acid liquid of GIC at v/v ratios of 5–10% improved the antibacterial properties of conventional glass ionomer cement against S. mutans without adversely affecting its bonding to dentin surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marrwa A Ibrahim
- Dentistry Research Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer Neo
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roxanna J Esguerra
- Discipline of Prosthodontics, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amr S Fawzy
- Discipline of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Mura P, Mennini N, Kosalec I, Furlanetto S, Orlandini S, Jug M. Amidated pectin-based wafers for econazole buccal delivery: Formulation optimization and antimicrobial efficacy estimation. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 121:231-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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33
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Preisig D, Weingartner M, Varum FJO, Bravo R, Alles R, Huwyler J, Puchkov M. Marker-ion analysis for quantification of mucoadhesivity of microparticles in particle-retention assays. Int J Pharm 2015; 487:157-66. [PMID: 25882011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to develop an improved method to quantify particle retention on mucosal tissue under dynamic flow conditions with simultaneous determination of drug dissolution. The principle was to dissolve the collected inert carrier material and quantify specific marker ions by reliable analytical methods. The mucoadhesive model particles consisted of drug-loaded porous calcium carbonate microcarriers coated with chitosan, and quantification of calcium ions by capillary electrophoresis enabled to determine particle-retention kinetics on colonic mucosal tissue. The method was validated by image analysis, and the particle-retention assay was successfully applied to granulate material (125-250 mm) and small particles (<90 μm) with mucoadhesive properties. Particle retention on colonic mucosa was improved by increasing the chitosan content, demonstrating the sensitivity and usefulness of marker-ion analysis for quantification of detached particles. Furthermore, we showed that drug dissolution from mucoadhesive microparticles followed comparable kinetics in the particle-retention assay and the standard USP IV method. Our findings are helpful for the development of micro-sized colonic drug delivery systems, in particular for optimization of mucoadhesive properties and sustained drug release kinetics of porous drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Preisig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Weingartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felipe J O Varum
- Tillotts Pharma AG, Baslerstrasse 15, 4310 Rheinfelden, Switzerland.
| | - Roberto Bravo
- Tillotts Pharma AG, Baslerstrasse 15, 4310 Rheinfelden, Switzerland.
| | - Rainer Alles
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Maxim Puchkov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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Reis CP, Roque LV, Baptista M, Rijo P. Innovative formulation of nystatin particulate systems in toothpaste for candidiasis treatment. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 21:282-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2014.999783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Pinto Reis
- CBIOS – Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal and
| | - Luís Vasques Roque
- School of Sciences and Health Technologies (ECTS), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marina Baptista
- CBIOS – Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal and
| | - Patrícia Rijo
- CBIOS – Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal and
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Gulati N, Nagaich U, Saraf S. Fabrication and in vitro characterization of polymeric nanoparticles for Parkinson's therapy: a novel approach. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502014000400022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the research was to formulate and evaluate selegiline hydrochloride loaded chitosan nanoparticles for the Parkinson's therapy in order to improve its therapeutic effect and reducing dosing frequency. Taguchi method of design of experiments (L9 orthogonal array) was used to get optimized formulation. The selegiline hydrochloride loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SHPs) were prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate anions (TPP) and tween 80 as surfactant. The SHPs had a mean size of (303.39 ± 2.01) nm, a zeta potential of +32.50mV, and entrapment efficiency of SHPs was 86.200 ± 1.38%. The in vitro drug release of SHPs was evaluated in phosphate buffer saline (pH 5.5) using goat nasal mucosa and found to be 82.529% ± 1.308 up to 28 h. Release kinetics studies showed that the release of drug from nanoparticles was anomalous (non-fickian) diffusion indicating the drug release is controlled by more than one process i.e. superposition of both phenomenon, the diffusion controlled as well as swelling controlled release. SHPs showed good stability results as found during stability studies at different temperatures as mentioned in ICH guidelines. The results revealed that selegiline hydrochloride loaded chitosan nanoparticles are most suitable mode of delivery of drug for promising therapeutic action.
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Tang C, Miller AF, Saiani A. Peptide hydrogels as mucoadhesives for local drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2014; 465:427-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sander C, Madsen KD, Hyrup B, Nielsen HM, Rantanen J, Jacobsen J. Characterization of spray dried bioadhesive metformin microparticles for oromucosal administration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 85:682-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Strategies for the design of orally bioavailable antileishmanial treatments. Int J Pharm 2013; 454:539-52. [PMID: 23871737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the six major tropical diseases targeted by the World Health Organization. The most serious, life-threatening form is visceral leishmaniasis (VL). No vaccine is yet available for human use and chemotherapy is the main mean of dealing with this disease. This review focuses on the development of drug delivery systems (DDS) for treatment of leishmaniasis. After an overview of the significance of leishmaniasis in 2013, current chemotherapy and its limitations are considered, leading to possible strategies to improve the treatment of VL: new drugs, combinations of existing drugs and DDS, particularly for oral administration. Nanostructured biomaterials such as lipid-based or polymeric nanoparticles have unique physicochemical properties, ultra-small and controllable size, large surface area to mass ratio and the possibility of surface modification which can be used to advantage for the oral administration of antileishmanial drugs. They can improve the rate of dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs, increase intestinal residence time by bioadhesion and, especially when lipid additives are used, influence the route and efficiency of absorption. These recent advances in this very active field should lead to better management of this serious disease.
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Chun MK, Bhusal P, Choi HK. Application of Carbopol/PVP interpolymer complex to prepare mucoadhesive floating granule. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:745-51. [PMID: 23435911 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Novel mucoadhesive floating granule was prepared using Carbopol/PVP interpolymer complex to deliver hydrophilic drugs in a controlled manner. Acetaminophen was used as a model drug. Maximum floatability of the granules was obtained at the ratio of 1/1, where 95 % of the granules floated for 12 h. As the concentration of sodium bicarbonate increased, both the floating duration and the release rate of the drug increased. The granules without sodium bicarbonate floated only for 2 h and floating onset time was 15 min. The release rate of drug gradually increased as the drug content in the granule increased. As the drug content in the granules increased, duration of adhesion decreased. However, the decrease in adhesion duration was minimal up to 40 % of drug content. The release rate from the granules prepared by dry granulation method was faster than that by wet granulation. The granules prepared by dry granulation method led to formation of highly porous structure; whereas, that by wet granulation method showed non-porous structure. The optimum size of the granules to retard the release of the model drug was within the range of 3-4 mm. Based on both mucoadhesive and buoyant properties, the floating granules are expected to reside in the upper part of the stomach for sufficient period of time and release the drug in a sustained manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Kwan Chun
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 375 Seosuk- dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-759, Korea
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Donnelly RF, McCarron PA, Morrow DIJ, Woolfson AD. Fast-drying multi-laminate bioadhesive films for transdermal and topical drug delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:1818-31. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.738683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Jătariu (Cadinoiu) AN, Holban MN, Peptu CA, Sava A, Costuleanu M, Popa M. Double crosslinked interpenetrated network in nanoparticle form for drug targeting—Preparation, characterization and biodistribution studies. Int J Pharm 2012; 436:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Modeling the oral cavity: In vitro and in vivo evaluations of buccal drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2012; 161:746-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Castile J, Cheng YH, Simmons B, Perelman M, Smith A, Watts P. Development of in vitro models to demonstrate the ability of PecSys®, an in situ nasal gelling technology, to reduce nasal run-off and drip. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:816-24. [PMID: 22803832 PMCID: PMC3619451 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.707210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many of the increasing number of intranasal products available for either local or systemic action can be considered sub-optimal, most notably where nasal drip or run-off give rise to discomfort/tolerability issues or reduced/variable efficacy. PecSys, an in situ gelling technology, contains low methoxy (LM) pectin which gels due to interaction with calcium ions present in nasal fluid. PecSys is designed to spray readily, only forming a gel on contact with the mucosal surface. The present study employed two in vitro models to confirm that gelling translates into a reduced potential for drip/run-off: (i) Using an inclined TLC plate treated with a simulated nasal electrolyte solution (SNES), mean drip length [±SD, n = 10] was consistently much shorter for PecSys (1.5 ± 0.4 cm) than non-gelling control (5.8 ± 1.6 cm); (ii) When PecSys was sprayed into a human nasal cavity cast model coated with a substrate containing a physiologically relevant concentration of calcium, PecSys solution was retained at the site of initial deposition with minimal redistribution, and no evidence of run-off/drip anteriorly or down the throat. In contrast, non-gelling control was significantly more mobile and consistently redistributed with run-off towards the throat. Conclusion In both models PecSys significantly reduced the potential for run-off/drip ensuring that more solution remained at the deposition site. In vivo, this enhancement of retention will provide optimum patient acceptability, modulate drug absorption and maximize the ability of drugs to be absorbed across the nasal mucosa and thus reduce variability in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Castile
- Archimedes Development Ltd, Albert Einstein Centre, Nottingham Science Park, University Boulevard, Nottingham, UK.
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Pujana MA, Pérez-Álvarez L, Cesteros Iturbe LC, Katime I. “Water dispersible pH-responsive chitosan nanogels modified with biocompatible crosslinking-agents”. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Dentin tubule occlusion and erosion protection effects of dentifrice containing bioadhesive PVM/MA copolymers. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:775-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0772-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Keegan GM, Smart JD, Ingram MJ, Barnes LM, Burnett GR, Rees GD. Chitosan microparticles for the controlled delivery of fluoride. J Dent 2012; 40:229-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Yedurkar P, Dhiman MK, Petkar K, Sawant K. Mucoadhesive bilayer buccal tablet of carvedilol-loaded chitosan microspheres:in vitro, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigations. J Microencapsul 2011; 29:126-37. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.630109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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48
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Merkel OM, Zheng M, Debus H, Kissel T. Pulmonary gene delivery using polymeric nonviral vectors. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 23:3-20. [PMID: 21999216 DOI: 10.1021/bc200296q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary delivery provides an easy and well tolerated means of access for the administration of biomacromolecules to the pulmonary epithelium and could therefore be an attractive approach for local and systemic therapies. A growing number of reports, which are summarized in this review, mirror the viability of pulmonary gene delivery. Special attention has been paid to the biological barriers in the lung that must be overcome for successful delivery, and which can be divided into anatomic, physical, immunologic, and metabolic barriers. In light of these barriers, successful nonviral polymer-based formulations of therapeutic genes are presented depending on the chemical nature of the polymer. In addition to polyethyleneimine-based nonviral vectors, which have been most intensively studied for pulmonary gene delivery in the past, other polymeric, dendritic, and targeted materials are also described here, including novel and biodegradable polymers. As new materials need in vitro or ex vivo testing before in vivo application, sophisticated models for all three approaches have been illustrated. Although pulmonary siRNA delivery enjoys popularity in clinical trials, pulmonary gene delivery has so far not been translated into clinical applications. With this review, potential hurdles are demonstrated, but novel approaches that may lead to optimized systems are described as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, Marburg, Germany
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Abstract
Whilst oral vaccination is a potentially preferred route in terms of patient adherence and mass vaccination, the ability to formulate effective oral vaccines remains a challenge. The primary barrier to oral vaccination is effective delivery of the vaccine through the GI tract owing to the many obstacles it presents, including low pH, enzyme degradation and bile-salt solubilization, which can result in breakdown/deactivation of a vaccine. For effective immune responses after oral administration, particulates need to be taken up by the M cells however, these are few in number. To enhance M-cell uptake, particle characteristics can be optimized with particle size, surface charge, targeting groups and bioadhesive properties all being considerations. Yet improved uptake may not translate into enhanced immune responses and formulating particulates with inherent adjuvant properties can offer advantages. Within this article, we establish the options available for consideration when building effective oral particulate vaccines.
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50
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Patel VF, Liu F, Brown MB. Advances in oral transmucosal drug delivery. J Control Release 2011; 153:106-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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