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Liu X, Lou K, Zhang Y, Li C, Wei S, Feng S. Unlocking the Medicinal Potential of Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: current Progress and Future Perspectives. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4877-4892. [PMID: 38828203 PMCID: PMC11141722 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s463145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Botanical preparations for herbal medicine have received more and more attention from drug researchers, and the extraction of active ingredients and their successful clinical application have become an important direction of drug research in major pharmaceutical companies, but the complexity of extracts, multiple side effects, and significant individual differences have brought many difficulties to the clinical application of herbal preparations. It is noteworthy that extracellular vesicles as active biomolecules extracted from medicinal plants are believed to be useful for the treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer, inflammation, regenerative-restorative and degenerative diseases, which may provide a new direction for the clinical utilization of herbal preparations. In this review, we sort out recent advances in medicinal plant extracellular vesicles and discuss their potential as disease therapeutics. Finally, future challenges and research directions for the clinical translation of medicinal plant extracellular vesicles are also discussed, and we expect that continued development based on medicinal plant extracellular vesicles will facilitate the clinical application of herbal preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Liu
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kecheng Lou
- Department of Urology, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunmeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiujiang College Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanxiao Li
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shenghong Wei
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shangzhi Feng
- Department of Urology, Jiujiang University Clinic College/Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China
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Wan Q, Lu Q, Luo S, Guan C, Zhang H. The beneficial health effects of puerarin in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutics. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03142-3. [PMID: 38709267 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death globally that seriously threaten human health. Although novel western medicines have continued to be discovered over the past few decades to inhibit the progression of CVDs, new drug research and development for treating CVDs with less side effects and adverse reactions are continuously being desired. Puerarin is a natural product found in a variety of medicinal plants belonging to the flavonoid family with potent biological and pharmacological activities. Abundant research findings in the literature have suggested that puerarin possesses a promising prospect in treating CVDs. In recent years, numerous new molecular mechanisms of puerarin have been explored in experimental and clinical studies, providing new evidence for this plant metabolite to protect against CVDs. This article systematically introduces the history of use, bioavailability, and various dosage forms of puerarin and further summarizes recently published data on the major research advances and their underlying therapeutic mechanisms in treating CVDs. It may provide references for researchers in the fields of pharmacology, natural products, and internal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wan
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 445 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 445 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Qiwen Lu
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Sang Luo
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Chengyan Guan
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004, China
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Eleraky NE, El-Badry M, Omar MM, El-Koussi WM, Mohamed NG, Abdel-Lateef MA, Hassan AS. Curcumin Transferosome-Loaded Thermosensitive Intranasal in situ Gel as Prospective Antiviral Therapy for SARS-Cov-2. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5831-5869. [PMID: 37869062 PMCID: PMC10590117 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s423251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Immunomodulatory and broad-spectrum antiviral activities have motivated the evaluation of curcumin for Coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) management. Inadequate bioavailability is the main impediment to the therapeutic effects of oral Cur. This study aimed to develop an optimal curcumin transferosome-loaded thermosensitive in situ gel to improve its delivery to the lungs. Methods Transferosomes were developed by using 33 screening layouts. The phospholipid concentration as well as the concentration and type of surfactant were considered independent variables. The entrapment efficiency (EE%), size, surface charge, and polydispersity index (PDI) were regarded as dependent factors. A cold technique was employed to develop thermosensitive in-situ gels. Optimized transferosomes were loaded onto the selected gels. The produced gel was assessed based on shape attributes, ex vivo permeability enhancement, and the safety of the nasal mucosa. The in vitro cytotoxicity, antiviral cytopathic effect, and plaque assay (CV/CPE/Plaque activity), and in vivo performance were evaluated after intranasal administration in experimental rabbits. Results The optimized preparation displayed a particle size of 664.3 ± 69.3 nm, EE% of 82.8 ± 0.02%, ZP of -11.23 ± 2.5 mV, and PDI of 0.6 ± 0.03. The in vitro curcumin release from the optimized transferosomal gel was markedly improved compared with that of the free drug-loaded gel. An ex vivo permeation study revealed a significant improvement (2.58-fold) in drug permeability across nasal tissues of sheep. Histopathological screening confirmed the safety of these preparations. This formulation showed high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 at reduced concentrations. High relative bioavailability (226.45%) was attained after the formula intranasally administered to rabbits compared to the free drug in-situ gel. The curcumin transferosome gel displayed a relatively high lung accumulation after intranasal administration. Conclusion This study provides a promising formulation for the antiviral treatment of COVID-19 patients, which can be evaluated further in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin E Eleraky
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Badry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Wesam M El-Koussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Noha G Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdel-Lateef
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abeer S Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Jin L, Li X, Chen X, Chen X, Liu Y, Xu H, Wang Q, Tang Z. A study on puerarin in situ gel eye drops: Formulation optimization and pharmacokinetics on rabbits by microdialysis. Int J Pharm 2023:123176. [PMID: 37364779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Puerarin (PUE), an isoflavonoid isolated from Pueraria lobata (Willd) Ohwi root, is a β-adrenergic receptor inhibitor used in treating glaucoma. The concentration range of gellan gum was determined based on the formulation viscosity and gelling capacity. PVP-K30 and gellan gum were used as variables, with the viscosity of formulation: STF = 40: 21, the 4 h permeation rate of rabbit isolated sclera, and 2 h in vitro release rate as response values. The JMP software was used to optimize the results, presenting that gellan gum was the main factor influencing viscosity. The in vitro release and permeation rate were primarily influenced by PVP-K30. The optimal prescription was 0.45% gellan gum and 6.0% PVP-K30. The in vitro release and permeation characteristics of puerarin in situ gel (PUE-ISG) were investigated using PUE solution as a control. The dialysis bag method results indicated that the release of the solution group leveled off after 4 h, while the PUE-ISG group had been continuously releasing. However, the cumulative release rates of the two were no longer significantly different at 10 h. The cumulative permeation rates of the ISG and solution groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05) in the rabbit isolated sclera. The apparent permeability Papp and steady-state flux Jss of PUE-ISG were 0.950 ± 0.059 cm·h-1 and 9.504 ± 0.587 mg·cm-2·h-1, respectively. A sensitive and stable HPLC-MS/MS analytical method for quantifying aqueous humor concentrations of PUE was validated. A microdialysis technique was successfully used in the aqueous humor pharmacokinetics study to sample aqueous humor from rabbit eye continuously. The results revealed that PUE-ISG significantly increased the drug concentration in the aqueous humor, with Cmax and AUC(0-t) 3.77 and 4.40 times higher than those of the solution group, respectively. Tmax was also significantly prolonged, indicating good prospects for clinical application. The developed PUE-ISG preparation has the characteristics of rapid drug release and sustained permeation, and increase the drug concentration in aqueous humor, with all inactive ingredients remaining within the maximum allowable limits recommended by the FDA guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiumin Li
- Dezhou Food and Drug Inspection Center, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinghao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haonan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Zhan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, PR China.
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Hussain Z, Thu HE, Khan S, Sohail M, Sarfraz RM, Mahmood A, Abourehab MA. Phytonanomedicines, a state-of-the-art strategy for targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals: A review of improved pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic efficacy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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Wei D, Yang H, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Wu X, Chang J. Nano-Traditional Chinese Medicine: a promising strategy and its recent advances. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2973-2994. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00225f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been applied to the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases and has an irreplaceable role of rehabilitation and health care. However, the application of TCM is...
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Koli AR, Ranch KM, Patel HP, Parikh RK, Shah DO, Maulvi FA. Oral bioavailability improvement of felodipine using tailored microemulsion: Surface science, ex vivo and in vivo studies. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Bicker J, Fortuna A, Alves G, Falcão A. Nose-to-brain Delivery of Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:594-619. [PMID: 31939728 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200115101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several natural compounds have demonstrated potential for the treatment of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic cerebrovascular disease, glioblastoma, neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis and migraine. This is due to their well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-tumor, anti-ischemic and analgesic properties. Nevertheless, many of these molecules have poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability and extensive gastrointestinal and/or hepatic first-pass metabolism, leading to a quick elimination as well as low serum and tissue concentrations. Thus, the intranasal route emerged as a viable alternative to oral or parenteral administration, by enabling a direct transport into the brain through the olfactory and trigeminal nerves. With this approach, the blood-brain barrier is circumvented and peripheral exposure is reduced, thereby minimizing possible adverse effects. OBJECTIVE Herein, brain-targeting strategies for nose-to-brain delivery of natural compounds, including flavonoids, cannabinoids, essential oils and terpenes, will be reviewed and discussed. Brain and plasma pharmacokinetics of these molecules will be analyzed and related to their physicochemical characteristics and formulation properties. CONCLUSION Natural compounds constitute relevant alternatives for the treatment of brain diseases but often require loading into nanocarrier systems to reach the central nervous system in sufficient concentrations. Future challenges lie in a deeper characterization of their therapeutic mechanisms and in the development of effective, safe and brain-targeted delivery systems for their intranasal administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Bicker
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciencias da Saude, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBIT/ICNAS - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fortuna
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciencias da Saude, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBIT/ICNAS - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Alves
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilha, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo das Ciencias da Saude, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBIT/ICNAS - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
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Zhang G, Ji J, Sun M, Ji Y, Ji H. Comparative Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Puerarin in Rat Plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS after Oral Administration of Pueraria lobata Extract and Pure Puerarin. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:4258156. [PMID: 32351754 PMCID: PMC7178524 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4258156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Puerarin is the main biologically active isoflavone in Pueraria lobata and has a wide range of biological activities. However, due to its poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability, its clinical applications are restricted. Compared with puerarin, the Pueraria lobata extract (PLE) has better water solubility, lower toxicity, and less side effects. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of orally administered puerarin (100 mg/kg) and PLE (763 mg/kg, equivalent to 100.0 mg/kg of puerarin) to rats was investigated by the UHPLC-MS/MS method. Results showed that when the rats were administered PLE, the area under the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity (AUC 0-inf ) dramatically increased from 219.83 ± 64.37 μg h/L to 462.62 ± 51.74 μg h/L (p < 0.01). The elimination half-time (t 1/2 ) also increased from 1.60 ± 0.38 h to 12.04 ± 5.10 h (p < 0.01). The maximum concentration (C max) of puerarin decreased from 101.64 ± 41.82 ng/mL to 48.64 ± 21.47 ng/mL (p < 0.01), and time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (T max) of puerarin decreased from 1.46 ± 1.08 h to 0.54 ± 0.30 h (p < 0.01). Results indicated that the pharmacokinetics of puerarin in Pueraria lobata may be dramatically different from pure puerarin in the plasma of rat, and oral bioavailability of puerarin may be increased when PLE was administrated to rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhe Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, 283 South of Republic Road, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Jianwei Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, 2 West of Xindu Road, Yancheng 224001, China
| | - Mingzhong Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, 2 West of Xindu Road, Yancheng 224001, China
| | - Yuqiao Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, 2 West of Xindu Road, Yancheng 224001, China
| | - Hongjian Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, 2 West of Xindu Road, Yancheng 224001, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Road 138, Nanjing 210023, China
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Long Y, Yang Q, Xiang Y, Zhang Y, Wan J, Liu S, Li N, Peng W. Nose to brain drug delivery - A promising strategy for active components from herbal medicine for treating cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104795. [PMID: 32278035 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI), one of the major causes of death from stroke in the world, not only causes tremendous damage to human health, but also brings heavy economic burden to society. Current available treatments for CIRI, including mechanical therapies and drug therapies, are often accompanied by significant side-effects. Therefore, it is necessary to discovery new strategies for treating CIRI. Many studies have confirmed that the herbal medicine has the advantages of abundant resources, good curative effect and little side effects, which can be used as potential drug for treatment of CIRI through multiple targets. It's known that oral administration commonly has low bioavailability, and injection administration is inconvenient and unsafe. Many drugs can't delivery to brain through routine pathways due to the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Interestingly, increasing evidences have suggested the nasal administration is a potential direct route to transport drug into brain avoiding the BBB and has the characteristics of high bioavailability for treating brain diseases. Therefore, intranasal administration can be treated as an alternative way to treat brain diseases. In the present review, effective methods to treat CIRI by using active ingredients derived from herbal medicine through nose to brain drug delivery (NBDD) are updated and discussed, and some related pharmacological mechanisms have also been emphasized. Our present study would be beneficial for the further drug development of natural agents from herbal medicines via NBDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Long
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Qiyue Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Yan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yulu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jinyan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Songyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
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Mitsou E, Pletsa V, Sotiroudis GT, Panine P, Zoumpanioti M, Xenakis A. Development of a microemulsion for encapsulation and delivery of gallic acid. The role of chitosan. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 190:110974. [PMID: 32208193 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion based on natural oils, namely extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and sunflower oil (SO), in the presence of non-ionic surfactants was successfully formulated. The novel microemulsion was used as a carrier for gallic acid (GA) to assure its protection and efficacy upon nasal administration. The work presents evidence that this microemulsion can be used as a nasal formulation for the delivery of polar antioxidants, especially, after incorporation of chitosan (CH) in its aqueous phase. The structure of the system was studied by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy techniques. By the addition of CH, the diameter of the microemulsion remained unaltered at 47 nm whereas after the incorporation of GA, micelles with 51 nm diameter were detected. The dynamic properties of the surfactant monolayer were affected by both the incorporation of CH and GA. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the latter remained unaltered (99 %). RPMI 2650 cell line was used as the in vitro model for cell viability and for GA nasal epithelial transport studies after microemulsion administration. The results suggested that the nasal epithelial permeation of GA was enhanced, 3 h post administration, by the presence of 0.2 % v/v microemulsion in the culture medium. However, the concentration of the transported antioxidant in the presence of CH was higher indicating the polymer's effect on the transport of the GA. The study revealed that nasal administration of hydrophilic antioxidants could be used as an alternative route besides oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Mitsou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Pletsa
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - George T Sotiroudis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Pierre Panine
- Xenocs SA, 1-3 allée du Nanomètre, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Maria Zoumpanioti
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis Xenakis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635, Athens, Greece.
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12
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Zhang L. Pharmacokinetics and drug delivery systems for puerarin, a bioactive flavone from traditional Chinese medicine. Drug Deliv 2019; 26:860-869. [PMID: 31524010 PMCID: PMC6758605 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1660732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi is a medicinal and edible homologous plant with a long history in China. Puerarin, the main component isolated from the root of Pueraria lobata, possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties. Daidzein and glucuronides are the main metabolites of puerarin and are excreted in the urine and feces. As active substrates of P-gp, multidrug resistance-associated protein and multiple metabolic enzymes, the pharmacokinetics of puerarin can be influenced by different pathological conditions and drug-drug interactions. Due to the poor water-solubility and liposolubility, the applications of puerarin are limited. So far, only puerarin injections and eye drops are on the market. Recent years, researches on improving the bioavailability of puerarin are developing rapidly, various nanotechnologies and preparation technologies including microemulsions and SMEDDS, dendrimers, nanoparticles and nanocrystals have been researched to improve the bioavailability of puerarin. In order to achieve biocompatibility and desired activity, more effective quality evaluations of nanocarriers are required. In this review, we summarize the pharmacokinetics and drug delivery systems of puerarin up to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- College of Animal Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, PR China
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Ali A, Ahmad U, Akhtar J, Badruddeen, Khan MM. Engineered nano scale formulation strategies to augment efficiency of nutraceuticals. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Aboudzadeh MA, Mehravar E, Fernandez M, Lezama L, Tomovska R. Low-Energy Encapsulation of α-Tocopherol Using Fully Food Grade Oil-in-Water Microemulsions. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:10999-11008. [PMID: 31459210 PMCID: PMC6645536 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of active agents, such as vitamins and antioxidants, is one of the possibilities that allow their incorporation in beverages, food, or in pharmaceutical products. Simultaneously, encapsulation protects these active agents from oxidation, producing more stable active compounds. Formation of nanodroplets by spontaneously formed microemulsion (ME) offers, on one hand, a low-energy technology of encapsulation and, on the other hand, because of a small size of the droplets, it assures long-term stability even in harsher environments. In this study, oil-in-water MEs allowed the low-energy encapsulation of α-tocopherol (αToc) into an aqueous medium with the aid of fully food-grade ingredients, using isoamyl acetate as the dispersed oil phase, which was selected between three different types of oils. Both cosurfactant-free and cosurfactant-holder ME systems were formulated, in which Tween 20 and glycerol were employed as the surfactant and the cosurfactant, respectively. The ME monophasic area was determined through the construction of pseudoternary phase diagrams. The encapsulated αToc within 10-20 nm nanocapsules showed radical scavenging activity dependent on the encapsulated amount of αToc, as it was demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The radical scavenging activity slightly increased within the time investigated, indicating a slow release of the active compound from the nanodroplets, which is a promising result for their application, especially in pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ali Aboudzadeh
- POLYMAT,
University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ehsan Mehravar
- POLYMAT,
University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mercedes Fernandez
- POLYMAT,
University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Luis Lezama
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Universidad
del País Vasco UPV/EHU, B° Sarriena, 48970 Leioa, Spain
- BC Materials,
Basque Center for Materials, Applications & Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, B° Sarriena, 48970 Leioa, Spain
| | - Radmila Tomovska
- POLYMAT,
University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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15
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Tabosa MAM, de Andrade ARB, Lira AAM, Sarmento VHV, de Santana DP, Leal LB. Microemulsion Formulations for the Transdermal Delivery of Lapachol. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1837-1846. [PMID: 29637497 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-0995-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This project was carried out to investigate the feasibility of using microemulsions for transdermal delivery of lapachol. From the screening of surfactants and oils, a range of microemulsions were developed using oleic acid, a mixture of Cremophor EL and Tween 20 and water. The solubility of lapachol was determined in these ingredients and in the formulated microemulsions. The microemulsions were characterised using cross-polarising light microscopy, their electrical conductivity, pH, zeta potential and rheology were analysed, and they were also investigated using small-angle X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry. Ex vivo studies were performed using porcine ear skin and Franz diffusion cells to investigate the permeation and retention of lapachol. Systems containing different concentrations of Cremophor EL (8.4-41.6%), Tween 20 (5.4-41.6%) and oleic acid (12-31.9%) are able to form microemulsions. Lapachol was delivered more effectively through the skin from all of the microemulsions tested than by the control (oleic acid). These studies indicated that microemulsions incorporating lapachol were formed successfully and that these enhanced drug delivery and retention in the skin. Microemulsion systems may, therefore, provide promising vehicles for percutaneous delivery of lapachol.
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16
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Kaur G, Mehta S. Developments of Polysorbate (Tween) based microemulsions: Preclinical drug delivery, toxicity and antimicrobial applications. Int J Pharm 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Nunes S, Madureira AR, Campos D, Sarmento B, Gomes AM, Pintado M, Reis F. Solid lipid nanoparticles as oral delivery systems of phenolic compounds: Overcoming pharmacokinetic limitations for nutraceutical applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:1863-1873. [PMID: 26192708 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1031337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems, accompanied by nanoparticle technology, have recently emerged as prominent solutions to improve the pharmacokinetic properties, namely bioavailability, of therapeutic and nutraceutical agents. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have received much attention from researchers due to their potential to protect or improve drug properties. SLNs have been reported to be an alternative system to traditional carriers, such as emulsions, liposomes, and polymeric nanoparticles. Phenolic compounds are widespread in plant-derived foodstuffs and therefore abundant in our diet. Over the last decades, phenolic compounds have received considerable attention due to several health promoting properties, mostly related to their antioxidant activity, which can have important implications for health. However, most of these compounds have been associated with poor bioavailability being poorly absorbed, rapidly metabolized and eliminated, which compromises its biological and pharmacological benefits. This paper provides a systematic review of the use of SLNs as oral delivery systems of phenolic compounds, in order to overcome pharmacokinetic limitations of these compounds and improved nutraceutical potential. In vitro studies, as well as works describing topical and oral treatments will be revisited and discussed. The classification, synthesis, and clinical application of these nanomaterials will be also considered in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nunes
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics , Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Madureira
- b CBQF, Biotechnology School , Portuguese Catholic University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Débora Campos
- b CBQF, Biotechnology School , Portuguese Catholic University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- c i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto , Portugal.,d INEB, Institute of Biomedical Engineering , NewTherapies Group, University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,e CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde & Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde , Gandra , Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Gomes
- b CBQF, Biotechnology School , Portuguese Catholic University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- b CBQF, Biotechnology School , Portuguese Catholic University , Porto , Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- a Laboratory of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics , Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal.,f Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology-Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI) Research Consortium, University of Coimbra , Coimbra , Portugal
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18
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A Novel Microspheres Formulation of Puerarin: Pharmacokinetics Study and In Vivo Pharmacodynamics Evaluations. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:4016963. [PMID: 28119759 PMCID: PMC5227308 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4016963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of puerarin loaded carboxymethyl chitosan microspheres (Pue-CCMs). The differences in pharmacokinetics parameters of rats after intragastric administration of Pue-CCMs and puerarin were investigated using HPLC. To assess the protective effect of Pue-CCMs on myocardial injury in rats, serum levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured, in addition to pathological examinations and immunohistochemical staining. Our present study has shown that the AUC0–t, Cmax, Tmax, MRT0–t of Pue-CCMs, and puerarin were 20.176 mg·h/L, 3.778 μg/mL, 1 h, 4.634 h and 9.474 mg·h/L, 2.618 μg/mL, 0.542 h, and 3.241 h, respectively. Pue-CCMs alleviated myocardial ischemic injury. Pretreatment with Pue-CCMs could significantly decrease CK, LDH, and MDA levels and increase T-SOD level in the serum. Pue-CCMs downregulated expression of the Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and upregulated B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression. Compared with puerarin group, the Pue-CCMs group could improve the oral bioavailability of puerarin. The protective effect of Pue-CCMs against myocardial injury was significantly greater than puerarin at the same dose. In summary, Pue-CCMs should be a qualified and promising candidate as a new oral preparation of puerarin.
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Saraswat G, Guha R, Mondal K, Saha P, Banerjee S, Chakraborty P, Konar A, Kabir SN. Molecular cues to the anti-implantation effect of nano-puerarin in rats. Reproduction 2016; 151:693-707. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractPuerarin, a selective oestrogen receptor modulator, intercepts implantation in rats, albeit at unacceptably higher doses. We developed poly lactic-co-glycolic acid-encapsulated nano-puerarin (PN) and mapped the molecular pathway underlying its anti-implantation effects. Smooth-surfaced and spherical PN having a mean diameter of ∼147nm was obtained with good yield, efficient encapsulation, and optimum drug loading. In culture, PN slowly and steadily released puerarin, which was readily taken up by the decidual cells. PN exerted a dose-dependent anti-implantation effect. As marked by attenuated expression of stromal cell desmin, alkaline phosphatase, IGFBP1, and decidual prolactin-related protein, the anti-implantation effect of PN seemed secondary to compromised decidualization. Usingin vivo(pregnant and pseudopregnant rats) andin vitro(endometrial stromal cell culture) treatment models, we document that PN enforced inhibition of uterine expression ofHbegfandHoxa10and their downstream signalling molecules, Cyclin D3 (CCND3)/CDK4. PN also efficiently ablated theIhh-Nr2f2-Bmp2signalling pathway and invited the loss of uterine potential for decidualization. There was a dose-dependent up-regulation of RHOA and its effector protein kinase, ROCK1, leading to the promotion of MLC phosphorylation and actin–myosin interaction. PN also down-regulated the stromal cell activation of ERK½ and expression of MMP9. These effects acting together stabilized the stroma and inhibited the stromal cell migration. Central to this array of events was the adversely altered endometrial expression of oestrogen receptor subtypes and repression of progesterone receptor that indulged endless proliferation of luminal epithelia and distorted the precisely choreographed stroma–epithelia crosstalk. Thus, PN dismantles the endometrial bed preparation and prevents implantation.
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Hädrich G, Vaz GR, Maidana M, Kratz JM, Loch-Neckel G, Favarin DC, Rogerio ADP, da Silva FMR, Muccillo-Baisch AL, Dora CL. Anti-inflammatory Effect and Toxicology Analysis of Oral Delivery Quercetin Nanosized Emulsion in Rats. Pharm Res 2015; 33:983-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1844-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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21
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Liu Y, Feng N. Nanocarriers for the delivery of active ingredients and fractions extracted from natural products used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 221:60-76. [PMID: 25999266 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been practiced for thousands of years with a recent increase in popularity. Despite promising biological activities of active ingredients and fractions from TCM, their poor solubility, poor stability, short biological half-life, ease of metabolism and rapid elimination hinder their clinical application. Therefore, overcoming these problems to improve the therapeutic efficacy of TCM preparations is a major focus of pharmaceutical sciences. Recently, nanocarriers have drawn increasing attention for their excellent and efficient delivery of active TCM ingredients or fractions. This review discusses problems in the delivery of active TCM ingredients or fractions; focuses on recent advances in nanocarriers that represent potential solutions to these problems, including lipid-based nanoparticles and polymeric, inorganic, and hybrid nanocarriers; and discusses unanswered questions in the field and criteria for the development of better nanocarriers for the delivery of active TCM ingredients or fractions to be focused on in future studies.
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22
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Ting Y, Chiou YS, Pan MH, Ho CT, Huang Q. In vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activity of tangeretin against colorectal cancer was enhanced by emulsion-based delivery system. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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23
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You X, Xing Q, Tuo J, Song W, Zeng Y, Hu H. Optimizing surfactant content to improve oral bioavailability of ibuprofen in microemulsions: Just enough or more than enough? Int J Pharm 2014; 471:276-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Common delivery systems for enhancing in vivo bioavailability and biological efficacy of nutraceuticals. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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25
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Liu AC, Zhao LX, Xing J, Gao J, Lou HX. LC-MS/MS method for the determination of a new puerarin derivative and its application in pharmacokinetic studies in rats. Chin J Nat Med 2013; 11:566-71. [PMID: 24359785 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(13)60102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish a sensitive and rapid liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantitative analysis of dehydrated puerarin in rat plasma, and its application for pharmacokinetic studies. METHODS A plasma sample was pretreated by one-step protein precipitation by the addition of five volumes of methanol. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Zorbax SB-C18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm I.D. 5.0 μm, Agilent, USA) at 40 °C at a flow rate of 0.6 mL·min(-1) by an isocratic elution consisting of 10 mmol·L(-1) ammonium acetate in methanol and water containing 0.1% formic acid in a ratio of 20 : 80 (V/V). Detection was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. An atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface in positive ionization mode was used by monitoring the transitions from m/z 399.1→281.0 (dehydrated puerarin) and m/z 271.0→215.0 (internal standard, IS). RESULTS Calibration curves were linear in the concentration range from 1.50 to 5400 ng·mL(-1), and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1.50 ng·mL(-1) in rat plasma. The accuracy and precision values, which were calculated from three different sets of quality control samples analyzed in sextuplicate on three different days, ranged from 95.73% to 103.18%, and from 4.33% to 7.86%, respectively. CONCLUSION The method was successfully applied to assess the pharmacokinetics of dehydrated puerarin after oral administration in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Chang Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Li-Xia Zhao
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jie Xing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Tang TT, Hu XB, Liao DH, Liu XY, Xiang DX. Mechanisms of microemulsion enhancing the oral bioavailability of puerarin: comparison between oil-in-water and water-in-oil microemulsions using the single-pass intestinal perfusion method and a chylomicron flow blocking approach. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:4415-26. [PMID: 24277986 PMCID: PMC3838017 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s51469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present work was to determine the mechanisms by which microemulsions (MEs) enhance the oral bioavailability of puerarin. The in situ perfusion method was used in rats to study the absorption mechanisms of an oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion (O/W-ME) and a water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion (W/O-ME). The possibility of lymphatic transport of the MEs was investigated using a chylomicron flow blocking approach. The results for the absorption mechanisms in the stomach and intestines indicated that the absorption characteristics of the O/W-ME and W/O-ME depend on the segment. The W/O-ME had higher internal membrane permeability than the O/W-ME. The results of the lymphatic transport analyses showed that both the O/W-ME and W/O-ME underwent lymphatic transport and that this pathway was a major contributor to the oral bioavailability of MEs. Furthermore, the type of ME can significantly affect the absorption of puerarin through the lymphatic system due to the oil content and the form of the microemulsion after oral administration. In conclusion, these data indicate that microemulsions are an effective and promising delivery system to enhance the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory for New Technology of Chinese Medicine Preparations of Hunan Province, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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Simultaneous determination of gastrodin and puerarin in rat plasma by HPLC and the application to their interaction on pharmacokinetics. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 915-916:8-12. [PMID: 23314488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastrodin (Gas) and puerarin (Pur) are bioactive substances derived from traditional Chinese medicine Gastrodia elata and Radix Puerariae, respectively, which were often used together in Chinese clinical prescriptions. Their injections were used in combined way for treatment of some cardiocerebrovascular diseases in clinic, especially for vertigo due to vertebrobasilar ischemia. In this paper, interaction of gastrodin and puerarin in rat plasma pharmacokinetics via intragastic (i.g.)/intravenous (i.v.) administration was investigated. A reliable HPLC method was developed for simultaneous determination of Gas and Pur in rat plasma with a linear range of 0.101-101 μg/mL for Gas and 0.0500-5.98 μg/mL for Pur (r(2)>0.993). The LLOQ, LOD of Gas and Pur were determined to be 0.101, 0.0486 μg/mL, and 0.05, 0.0245 μg/mL, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precision were all less than 12.0%, whilst the accuracy were all within 96.4±6.00%. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the analytes in rats after i.g./i.v. administration of Gas and Pur alone or combined with each other (i.g.: 40 mg/kg Gas, 400 mg/kg Pur; i.v.: 20 mg/kg Gas, 20 mg/kg Pur). Blood samples were collected from retinal vein plexus of rats at predetermined time points and plasma containing the internal standard tyrosol (IS) were precipitated by methanol and chromatography was carried out on a C(18) column with a gradient mobile phase of ACN-H(2)O with 0.05% phosphoric acid as a modifier. The pharmacokinetic profiles of combined administration were found to be distinct from those of given alone. The C(max), T(max), T(1/2), MRT of Gas administrated alone or combined with Pur via i.g. were 21.7 μg/mL, 0.250 h, 2.81 h, 0.830 h and 18.4 μg/mL, 0.550 h, 0.970 h, 1.37 h, respectively, of Pur administrated alone or combined with Gas via i.g. were 0.490 μg/mL, 1.95 h, 1.33 h, 2.10 h and 2.01 μg/mL, 0.570 h, 4.00 h, 5.10 h, respectively. The relative oral bioavailability of Pur in combined administration was 10.7 times as much as that of single administration, whilst 1.52 folds in Gas. These results indicate that co-administration of Gas and Pur is a promising combination to gain higher bioavailability and it is suggested that doctors pay more attention to the dosages of the two when simultaneously using both of them.
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28
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Wang S, Chen P, Zhang L, Yang C, Zhai G. Formulation and evaluation of microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling systems for intranasal administration of curcumin. J Drug Target 2012; 20:831-40. [PMID: 22934854 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.719230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to develop a microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system for intranasal administration of curcumin. A new microemulsion composition for curcumin was optimized with the simple lattice design. And the microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system consisted of Capryol 90 as oil phase, Solutol HS15 as surfactant, Transcutol HP as cosurfactant and 0.3% DGG solution as water phase. The physicochemical properties such as morphology, droplet size distribution, zeta value and the in vitro release were investigated. In addition, the histological section studies on the reaction between the obtained formulation and nasal mucosa showed that the microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system could not produce obvious damage to nasal mucosa. The pharmacokinetics results showed that the absolute bioavailability of curcumin in the microemulsion-based in situ ion-sensitive gelling system was 55.82% by intranasal administration. And the brain targeting index (BTI) was 6.50, and in the tissue distribution experiment, the value of (AUC(brain)/AUC(blood)) following intranasal administration was higher than that following intravenous administration, suggesting that the obvious brain targeting property by nasal delivery be attributed to a direct nose-to-brain drug transport. It can be concluded that the microemulsion-based in situ gelling as an effective and safe vehicle could greatly enhance the in vivo absorption and facilitate the delivery of curcumin to brain by intranasal administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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29
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Zhang Y, Wang R, Wu J, Shen Q. Characterization and evaluation of self-microemulsifying sustained-release pellet formulation of puerarin for oral delivery. Int J Pharm 2012; 427:337-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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30
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Gu L, Wu ZH, Qi X, He H, Ma X, Chou X, Wen X, Zhang M, Jiao F. Polyamidomine dendrimers: an excellent drug carrier for improving the solubility and bioavailability of puerarin. Pharm Dev Technol 2012; 18:1051-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2011.653822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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31
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Cho HJ, Ku WS, Termsarasab U, Yoon I, Chung CW, Moon HT, Kim DD. Development of udenafil-loaded microemulsions for intranasal delivery: in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Int J Pharm 2011; 423:153-60. [PMID: 22209996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To achieve rapid onset of action and improved bioavailability of udenafil, a microemulsion system was developed for its intranasal delivery. Phase behavior, particle size, transmission electron microscope (TEM) images, and the drug solubilization capacity of the microemulsion were investigated. A single isotropic region was found in pseudo-ternary phase diagrams developed at various ratios with CapMul MCM L8 as an oil, Labrasol as a surfactant, and Transcutol or its mixture with ethanol (1:0.25, v/v) as a cosurfactant. Optimized microemulsion formulations with a mean diameter of 120-154 nm achieved enhanced solubility of udenafil (>10mg/ml) compared with its aqueous solubility (0.02 mg/ml). An in vitro permeation study was performed in human nasal epithelial (HNE) cell monolayers cultured by the air-liquid interface (ALI) method, and the permeated amounts of udenafil increased up to 3.41-fold versus that of pure udenafil. According to the results of an in vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats, intranasal administration of udenafil-loaded microemulsion had a shorter T(max) value (1 min) compared with oral administration and improved bioavailability (85.71%) compared with oral and intranasal (solution) administration. The microemulsion system developed for intranasal administration may be a promising delivery system of udenafil, with a rapid onset of action and improved bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jong Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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Wong KH, Li GQ, Li KM, Razmovski-Naumovski V, Chan K. Kudzu root: traditional uses and potential medicinal benefits in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:584-607. [PMID: 21315814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Kudzu root (Gegen in Chinese) is the dried root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, a semi-woody, perennial and leguminous vine native to South East Asia. It is often used interchangeably in traditional Chinese medicine with thomson kudzu root (Fengen in Chinese), the dried root of P. thomsonii, although the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has separated them into two monographs since the 2005 edition. For more than 2000 years, kudzu root has been used as a herbal medicine for the treatment of fever, acute dysentery, diarrhoea, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Both English and Chinese literatures on the traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicology, quality control and potential interactions with conventional drugs of both species have been included in the present review. Over seventy phytochemicals have been identified in kudzu root, with isoflavonoids and triterpenoids as the major constituents. Isoflavonoids, in particular puerarin, have been used in most of the pharmacological studies. Animal and cellular studies have provided support for the traditional uses of kudzu root on cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and endocrine systems, including diabetes and its complications. Further studies to define the active phytochemical compositions, quality standards and clinical efficacy are warranted. Strong interdisciplinary collaboration to bridge the gap between traditional medicine and modern biomedical medicine is therefore needed for the development of kudzu root as an effective medicine for the management of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka H Wong
- Herbal Medicines Research and Education Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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