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Tanaka T, Kobuchi S, Ito Y, Sakaeda T. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of oxaliplatin combined with S-1 (SOX) chemotherapy in a rat model of colorectal cancer with acute kidney injury: predictive renal biomarkers for dose optimisation. Xenobiotica 2023; 53:613-620. [PMID: 37966716 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2023.2283736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Dose adjustment based on renal function is essential in S-1, which contains the 5‑fluorouracil prodrug tegafur, and platinum-based agent oxaliplatin (SOX) combination chemotherapy for colorectal cancer in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, limited evidence on dose adjustment in acute kidney injury (AKI) and challenges in determining dosing strategies. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of SOX chemotherapy and renal biomarkers in rats.AKI was prepared by renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal cancer model rats. Serum creatinine (sCr) levels were determined as a renal biomarker. After administration of S-1 (2 mg/kg tegafur) and oxaliplatin (5 mg/kg), drug concentrations of tegafur, 5-FU, and platinum were measured in the plasma and tumours.No alterations in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-24h) values of 5-fluorouracil were observed between control and AKI model rats. The tumour concentrations of 5-fluorouracil in the mild and severe AKI groups were significantly lower than control group. The AUC0-24h for platinum increased with AKI severity. Notably, population pharmacokinetic analysis identified sCr as a covariate in platinum distribution after SOX chemotherapy.To optimise dose adjustment of SOX chemotherapy in patients with AKI, sCr may be a key factor in determining the appropriate dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinji Kobuchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukako Ito
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakaeda
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
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Wang H, Zhao T, Lv C, Zhang Z, Fang F, Li B. Serum metabonomics as a diagnostic approach for cancer‑related fatigue. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:256. [PMID: 35261628 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Can Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Fanfu Fang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Bai Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Sakai S, Kobuchi S, Ito Y, Sakaeda T. A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model for Capecitabine in Colorectal Cancer Rats: Simulation of Antitumor Efficacy at Various Administration Schedules. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 46:301-315. [PMID: 33606175 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-021-00674-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Capecitabine is an oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil and is widely used for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. However, knowledge of its antitumor efficacy after modification of the dosing schedule is insufficient. The aim of this study was to predict the antitumor efficacy of capecitabine using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PBPK-PD) model based on metabolic enzyme activities. METHODS CRC model rats were administrated 180 mg/kg of capecitabine for 2 weeks. Blood samples were collected at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 h following capecitabine administration. Plasma concentrations of capecitabine and its metabolites were measured on days 1, 7, and 14. Metabolic enzyme activities were determined in vitro using the liver and small intestine of the CRC model rats. A PBPK-PD model was developed based on metabolic enzyme activities. The antitumor efficacy of capecitabine after regimen modification was simulated using the PBPK-PD model. RESULTS Capecitabine antitumor efficacy was dose-dependent. A dose of > 500 μmol/kg was needed to inhibit tumor growth. After capecitabine regimen modification, a 1-week postponement of capecitabine administration was more efficacious than a reduction in the dosage to 80%. CONCLUSIONS The PBPK-PD model could simulate the antitumor efficacy at various capecitabine administration schedules. PBPK-PD models can contribute to the development of an appropriate CRC chemotherapy regimen with capecitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Sakai
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Shinji Kobuchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yukako Ito
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakaeda
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan.
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Population Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling of 5-Fluorouracil for Toxicities in Rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2018; 42:707-718. [PMID: 27889876 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-016-0389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Myelosuppression is a dose-limiting toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Predicting the inter- and intra-patient variability in pharmacokinetics and toxicities of 5-FU may contribute to the individualized medicine. This study aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model that could evaluate the inter- and intra-individual variability in the plasma 5-FU concentration, 5-FU-induced body weight loss and myelosuppression in rats. METHOD Plasma 5-FU concentrations, body weight loss, and blood cell counts in rats following the intravenous administration of various doses of 5-FU for 4 days were used to develop the population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. RESULTS The population pharmacokinetic model consisting of a two-compartment model with Michaelis-Menten elimination kinetics successfully characterized the individual and population predictions of the plasma concentration of 5-FU and provided credible parameter estimates. The estimates of inter-individual variability in maximal rate of saturable metabolism and residual variability were 8.1 and 22.0%, respectively. The population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model adequately described the individual complete time-course of alterations in body weight loss, erythrocyte, leukocyte, and lymphocyte counts in rats treated with various doses of 5-FU. The inter-individual variability of the drug effects in the pharmacodynamic model for body weight loss was 82.6%, which was relatively high. The results of the present study suggest that not only individual fluctuations in the 5-FU concentration but also the cell sensitivity would affect the onset and degree of 5-FU-induced toxicity. CONCLUSION This population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model could evaluate the inter- and intra-individual variability in drug-induced toxicity and guide the assessments of novel anticancer agents in drug development.
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Kobuchi S, Hayashi A, Taniguchi M, Ito Y, Tamura T, Sakaeda T. Effects of a bolus injection of 5-fluorouracil on dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity in rats receiving continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 78:517-23. [PMID: 27417318 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The options for improving the chemotherapeutic regimen consisting of bolus plus infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) include omitting the 5-FU bolus injection. We examined the effects of a 5-FU bolus injection on the activity of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), which is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of 5-FU catabolism, in rats. METHODS The rats were divided into three groups, and then continuous infusion (50 mg/m(2)/h) for 4 h was started with a bolus injection of saline, 20 mg/kg 5-FU, or 60 mg/kg 5-FU. Plasma 5-FU, uracil (Ura), dihydrouracil (UH2) levels, and hepatic DPD activity were determined after administration of 5-FU. RESULTS The half-life after the end of the infusion (t 1/2, 4-8 h) of 5-FU in the rats given the bolus injection was significantly longer than in those that had been given saline, and it increased with increasing 5-FU bolus injection dosage (r = 0.801, p < 0.01). The plasma UH2/Ura ratio, an indirect biomarker of hepatic DPD activity, tended to be lower in the rats that had received a 5-FU bolus injection than in those that had not, and it remained low after infusion ended. The hepatic DPD activity in rats that had received a 5-FU bolus injection was significantly lower than in those that had not. Negative correlation was observed between DPD activity and bolus injection dosage (r = -0.691, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A bolus injection suppresses hepatic DPD activity and its effects are dependent on dosage, resulting in slower elimination of 5-FU from the blood and contributing to long-term systemic exposure to 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kobuchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Asuka Hayashi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Mayu Taniguchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yukako Ito
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takao Tamura
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakaeda
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan.
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Kobuchi S, Ito Y, Nakano Y, Sakaeda T. Population pharmacokinetic modelling and simulation of 5-fluorouracil incorporating a circadian rhythm in rats. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:597-604. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1100767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kobuchi S, Ito Y, Hayakawa T, Nishimura A, Shibata N, Takada K, Sakaeda T. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling and simulation of 5-fluorouracil for erythropenia in rats. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2014; 70:134-44. [PMID: 25072509 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to develop a simple pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model in rats that could predict the onset and degree of erythropenia, a severely toxic side effect that severely limits the use of the anticancer agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). METHODS Total erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, and hematocrit (Hct) levels were measured in rats following the intravenous bolus administration of 5-FU for 4 days in order to obtain data for an analysis of the PK-PD model. Our PK-PD model consisted of a two-compartment PK model, with two compartments for the PD model and nine structural PK-PD model parameters. RESULTS After the intravenous bolus administration of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of 5-FU to rats, absolute erythrocyte counts, Hb concentrations, and Hct levels transiently decreased, reached minimum levels on Days 7-14, and then returned to baseline levels. The nadir values (Cnadir) for rats treated with 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of 5-FU were significantly decreased to approximately 79.4, 76.3, or 46.5% of the baseline value (Cbaseline) in erythrocyte counts, 86.3, 83.3, or 45.7% of Cbaseline in Hb concentrations, 88.6, 85.5, or 47.1% of Cbaseline in Hct levels, respectively. The PK-PD model effectively captured the features of erythropenia and Cnadir after 5-FU chemotherapy. This PK-PD model was successfully used to characterize the learner relationship between the area under the plasma 5-FU concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞) following the intravenous bolus administration of 5-FU and the Cnadir in erythrocyte counts, Hb concentrations, and Hct levels after the 5-FU treatment. DISCUSSION The results of the present study suggest that the administration of a pharmacokinetically modified dose of 5-FU could minimize the Cnadir in erythrocyte counts, Hb concentrations, and Hct levels following the administration of 5-FU. The PK-PD model and simulation represent valuable approaches for quantifying and predicting erythropenia as well as determining individual doses and the time at which the subsequent course of the treatment should start.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kobuchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yukako Ito
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Taro Hayakawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Otsu Municipal Hospital, Otsu, Shiga 520-0804, Japan
| | - Asako Nishimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Nobuhito Shibata
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Kanji Takada
- BioSerenTach. Inc., Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8040, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakaeda
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
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Kobuchi S, Ito Y, Hayakawa T, Nishimura A, Shibata N, Takada K, Sakaeda T. Semi-physiological pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling and simulation of 5-fluorouracil for thrombocytopenia in rats. Xenobiotica 2014; 45:19-28. [PMID: 25050790 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2014.943335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to develop a simple pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model that could characterize the complete time-course of alterations in platelet counts to predict the onset and degree of thrombocytopenia, which severely limits the use of the anticancer agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), in rats. 2. Platelet counts were measured in rats following the intravenous administration of various doses of 5-FU for 4 days to obtain data for an analysis of the PK-PD model. Our PK-PD model consisted of a two-compartment PK model, with three compartments for the PD model and 10 structural PK-PD model parameters. 3. After the 5-FU treatment, platelet counts transiently decreased to a nadir level, showed a rebound to above the baseline level before recovering to baseline levels. Nadir platelet counts and rebounds varied with the AUC0-∞ level. The final PK-PD model effectively characterized platelet count data and final PD parameters were estimated with high certainty. 4. This PK-PD model and simulation may represent a valuable tool for quantifying and predicting the complete time-course of alterations in blood cell counts, and could contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies with 5-FU and assessments of various novel anticancer agents that are difficult to examine in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kobuchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University , Kyoto , Japan
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Kobuchi S, Ito Y, Hayakawa T, Kuwano S, Baba A, Shinohara K, Nishimura A, Shibata N, Takada K. Semi-physiological pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modeling and simulation of 5-fluorouracil for the whole time course of alterations in leukocyte, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts in rats. Xenobiotica 2014; 44:804-18. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2014.900588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kobuchi S, Kuwano S, Imoto K, Okada K, Nishimura A, Ito Y, Shibata N, Takada K. A predictive biomarker for altered 5-fluorouracil pharmacokinetics following repeated administration in a rat model of colorectal cancer. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2013; 34:365-76. [PMID: 23836081 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.1851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between the plasma ratio of dihydrouracil/uracil (UH2/Ura) and hepatic dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) activity after repeated 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment in rats with colorectal cancer (CRC) was investigated. Repeated intravenous 5-FU bolus injections resulted in a significant decrease in the total clearance (CLtot ) and an increased area under the curve (AUC0-∞ ) in CRC rats. Furthermore, the hepatic DPD levels and the plasma ratio of UH2/Ura decreased significantly and lost their circadian rhythms in CRC rats treated repeatedly with 5-FU, although significant circadian variation in the two parameters was observed in the control CRC rats. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the plasma ratio of UH2/Ura and hepatic DPD activity in CRC rats untreated and treated with single or repeated 5-FU administration (r(2) = 0.865, p < 0.01). The ratio of UH2/Ura in plasma could be a predictive biomarker of the suppression of hepatic DPD levels during repeated 5-FU-based treatment. Furthermore, by plotting the observed pharmacokinetic parameters of 5-FU against hepatic DPD activity levels predicted by the ratio of UH2/Ura in plasma, AUC0-∞ , CLtot and half-life (t1/2 ) were closely linked to predicted hepatic DPD activity levels. These observations suggest that the factor that significantly influences the AUC0-∞ , CLtot and t1/2 of 5-FU after single or repeated administration of 5-FU is the hepatic DPD activity and it could be assessed by the ratio of UH2/Ura in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kobuchi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
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