1
|
Yeruva T, Lee CH. Enzyme Responsive Delivery of Anti-Retroviral Peptide via Smart Hydrogel. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:234. [PMID: 36002705 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02391-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to an urgent need for advanced formulations for the delivery of anti-retrovirals, a stimuli-sensitive hydrogel formulation that intravaginally delivers HIV-1 entry inhibitor upon being exposed to a specific protease was developed. The hydrogel formulation consists of PEG-azide and PEG-DBCO covalently linked to the entry inhibitor peptide, enfuvirtide, via substrate linker that is designed to undergo proteolysis by prostate specific antigen (PSA) present in seminal fluid and release innate enfuvirtide. Of the tested PSA substrate linkers (HSSKLQYY, GISSFYSSK, AYLMYY, and AYLMGRR), HSSKLQ was found to be an optimal candidate for PEG-based hydrogel with kcat/KM of 2.2 M-1 s-1. The PEG-based hydrogel displayed a pseudoplastic, thixotropic behavior with overall viscosity varying between 1516 and 2.2 Pa.s, within the biologically relevant shear rates of 0.01-100 s-1. It also exhibited viscoelastic properties appropriate for uniform spreading and being retained in vagina. PEG-based hydrogels were loaded with N3-HSSKLQ-enfuvirtide (HF42) that is customarily synthesized enfuvirtide prodrug with its N-terminus connected to HSSKLQ linker. The stimuli-sensitive PEG-based hydrogel formulations upon being exposed to PSA released 36.5 ± 4.8% of enfuvirtide over 24 h in human ejaculate mimic of vaginal simulant fluid and seminal simulant fluid mixed in 1:3 ratio, which is significantly greater than its IC50. The PEG-based hydrogel was non-cytotoxic to both vaginal epithelial cells (VK2/E6E7) and murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and did not significantly induce the production of nitric oxide, an inflammatory mediator. The PEG-based hydrogel is found to have suitable physicochemical properties for an intravaginal formulation of the PSA substrate-linked anti-retrovirals and is safe towards vaginal epithelium. It is capable of delivering enfuvirtide with effective concentrations to prevent women from HIV-1 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taj Yeruva
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri, 2464 Charlotte Street, HSB 4242, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Chi H Lee
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri, 2464 Charlotte Street, HSB 4242, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fluorine ( 19F) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy For Real Time Maraviroc Analysis From Microparticulate Systems. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3605-3613. [PMID: 34216578 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Real time analysis of pharmaceuticals in controlled release nano and microsystems remains a challenge. It is hypothesized that fluorine 19 nuclear magnetic resonance (19F qNMR) can be used for real time quantification and in vitro release of maraviroc (MVC). The release of maraviroc was analyzed in simulated body fluids from spray dried sodium alginate microspheres (MS) using the 19F qNMR method. Calibration produced a linearity curve in concentration range (0.42 mg/ml - 15 mg/ml), and the limits of detection and quantification values were 0.97 mg/ml and 2.93 mg/ml, respectively. The method was confirmed to be specific, accurate, precise, and robust (%RSE > 2%). MVC was successfully microencapsulated (18% w/w) as evidenced by the FT-IR spectra and SEM images. The MS had an average diameter of 2.522 ± 0.15 μm, with a zeta potential of - 61.31 ± 2.1 mV. Overall, the 19F qNMR method enabled a direct and real time quantification of MVC for an efficient drug release kinetics. This approach could be potentially used to quantify fluorinated drug potency, purity, and stability, and evaluate in vitro release kinetic from different formulations.
Collapse
|
3
|
Coulibaly FS, Ezoulin MJM, Dim DC, Molteni A, Youan BBC. Preclinical Safety Evaluation of HIV-1 gp120 Responsive Microbicide Delivery System in C57BL/6 Female Mice. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:595-606. [PMID: 30525661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many novel vaginal/rectal microbicide formulations failed clinically due to safety concerns, indicating the need for the early investigation of lead microbicide formulations. In this study, the preclinical safety of an HIV-1 gp120 and mannose responsive microbicide delivery system (MRP) is evaluated in C57BL/6 mice. MRP was engineered through the layer-by-layer coating of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with Canavalia ensiformis lectin (Con A) and glycogen. MRP mean particle diameter and zeta potential were 857.8 ± 93.1 nm and 2.37 ± 4.12 mV, respectively. Tenofovir (TFV) encapsulation and loading efficiencies in MRP were 70.1% and 16.3% w/w, respectively. When exposed to HIV-1 rgp120 (25 μg/mL), MRP released a significant amount of TFV (∼5-fold higher) in vaginal and seminal fluid mixture compared to the control (pre-exposure) level (∼59 μg/mL) in vaginal fluid alone. Unlike the positive control treated groups (e.g., nonoxynol-9), no significant histological damages and CD45+ cells infiltration were observed in the vaginal and major reproductive organ epithelial layers. This was probably due to MRP biocompatibility and its isosmolality (304.33 ± 0.58 mOsm/kg). Furthermore, compared to negative controls, there was no statistically significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL1α, Ilβ, IL7, IP10, and TNFα. Collectively, these data suggest that MRP is a relatively safe nanotemplate for HIV-1 gp120 stimuli responsive vaginal microbicide delivery system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fohona S Coulibaly
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Missouri-Kansas City , 2464 Charlotte , Kansas City , Missouri 64108 , United States
| | - Miezan J M Ezoulin
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Missouri-Kansas City , 2464 Charlotte , Kansas City , Missouri 64108 , United States
| | - Daniel C Dim
- School of Medicine , University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine , Kansas City , Missouri 64108 , United States
| | - Agostino Molteni
- School of Medicine , University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine , Kansas City , Missouri 64108 , United States
| | - Bi-Botti C Youan
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , University of Missouri-Kansas City , 2464 Charlotte , Kansas City , Missouri 64108 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Coulibaly FS, Alnafisah AS, Oyler NA, Youan BBC. Direct and Real-Time Quantification Of Bortezomib Release From Alginate Microparticles Using Boron (11B) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Mol Pharm 2018; 16:967-977. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fohona S. Coulibaly
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri—Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - Abrar S. Alnafisah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri—Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United States
| | - Nathan A. Oyler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri—Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United States
| | - Bi-Botti C. Youan
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri—Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thermosensitive Chitosan Hydrogels Containing Polymeric Microspheres for Vaginal Drug Delivery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3564060. [PMID: 29209627 PMCID: PMC5676485 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3564060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermosensitive hydrogels have increasingly received considerable attention for local drug delivery based on many advantages. However, burst release of drugs is becoming a critical challenge when the hydrogels are employed. Microspheres- (MS-) loaded thermosensitive hydrogels were thus fabricated to address this limitation. Employing an orthogonal design, the spray-dried operations of tenofovir (TFV)/Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP)/chitosan (CTS) MS were optimized according to the drug loading (DL). The physicochemical properties of the optimal MS (MS F) were characterized. Depending on the gelation temperature and gelating time, the optimal CTS-sodium alginate- (SA-) α,β-glycerophosphate (GP) (CTS-SA-GP) hydrogel was obtained. Observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), TFV/BSP/CTS MS were successfully encapsulated in CTS-SA-GP. In vitro releasing demonstrated that MS F-CTS-SA-GP retained desirable in vitro sustained-release characteristics as a vaginal delivery system. Bioadhesion measurement showed that MS-CTS-SA-GP exhibited the highest mucoadhesive strength. Collectively, MS-CTS-SA-GP holds great promise for topical applications as a sustained-release vaginal drug delivery system.
Collapse
|
6
|
Coulibaly FS, Ezoulin MJM, Purohit SS, Ayon NJ, Oyler NA, Youan BBC. Layer-by-Layer Engineered Microbicide Drug Delivery System Targeting HIV-1 gp120: Physicochemical and Biological Properties. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3512-3527. [PMID: 28830144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to engineer a model anti-HIV microbicide (tenofovir) drug delivery system targeting HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 (HIV-1 g120) for the prevention of HIV sexual transmission. HIV-1 g120 and mannose responsive particles (MRP) were prepared through the layer-by-layer coating of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with concanavalin A (Con A) and glycogen. MRP average particle size ranged from 881.7 ± 15.45 nm to 1130 ± 15.72 nm, depending on the number of Con A layers. Tenofovir encapsulation efficiency in CaCO3 was 74.4% with drug loading of 16.3% (w/w). MRP was non-cytotoxic to Lactobacillus crispatus, human vaginal keratinocytes (VK2), and murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and did not induce any significant proinflammatory nitric oxide release. Overall, compared to control, no statistically significant increase in proinflammatory cytokine IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, MKC, IL-7, and interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP10) levels was observed. Drug release profiles in the presence of methyl α-d-mannopyranoside and recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 followed Hixson-Crowell and Hopfenberg kinetic models, indicative of a surface-eroding system. The one Con A layer containing system was found to be the most sensitive (∼2-fold increase in drug release vs control SFS:VFS) at the lowest HIV gp120 concentration tested (25 μg/mL). Percent mucoadhesion, tested ex vivo on porcine vaginal tissue, ranged from 10% to 21%, depending on the number of Con A layers in the formulation. Collectively, these data suggested that the proposed HIV-1 g120 targeting, using MRP, potentially represent a safe and effective template for vaginal microbicide drug delivery, if future preclinical studies are conclusive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fohona S Coulibaly
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , 2464 Charlotte, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - Miezan J M Ezoulin
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , 2464 Charlotte, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - Sudhaunshu S Purohit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City , 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United States
| | - Navid J Ayon
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , 2464 Charlotte, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - Nathan A Oyler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City , 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United States
| | - Bi-Botti C Youan
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , 2464 Charlotte, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Agrahari V, Meng J, Purohit SS, Oyler NA, Youan BBC. Real-Time Analysis of Tenofovir Release Kinetics Using Quantitative Phosphorus ( 31P) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:3005-3015. [PMID: 28414145 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The dialysis method is classically used for drug separation before analysis, but does not provide direct and real-time drug quantification and has limitations affecting the dialysis rate. In this study, a phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-qNMR) method is developed for the real-time quantification of therapeutic molecules in vitro. The release kinetics of model drug, tenofovir (anti-HIV microbicide), was analyzed in vaginal fluid simulant (VFS), seminal fluid simulant (SFS), and human plasma (HP) from chitosan nanofibers (size ∼100-200 nm) using the NMR (direct) method and compared with dialysis/UV-Vis (indirect) method. The assay was linear in VFS/SFS (0.20-5.0 mM), HP (0.30-5.0 mM of drug concentration range) and specific no drug 31P-qNMR chemical shift [∼15 ppm] interference with formulation/media components. Limit of detection values were 0.075/0.10/0.20 mM, whereas limit of quantification values were 0.20/0.20/0.30 mM in VFS/SFS/HP, respectively. The method was robust, precise (%RSE <2%), and accurate (%mean recovery 90%-110%). After 12 h, ∼77%/72%/70% wt/wt of tenofovir release was observed with direct, compared to ∼47%/52%/52% wt/wt by indirect method in VFS/SFS/HP, respectively. Approximately 20% decrease in %drug release observed with dialysis method suggested an interference with drug transport process due to the dialysis membrane and the Gibbs-Donnan effect. Overall, 31P-qNMR provides more accurate, real-time, and direct drug quantification for effective in vitro-in vivo correlation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Agrahari
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108
| | - Jianing Meng
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108
| | - Sudhaunshu S Purohit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Nathan A Oyler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110
| | - Bi-Botti C Youan
- Laboratory of Future Nanomedicines and Theoretical Chronopharmaceutics, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108.
| |
Collapse
|