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Almehmady AM, El-Say KM, Mubarak MA, Alghamdi HA, Somali NA, Sirwi A, Algarni R, Ahmed TA. Enhancing the Antifungal Activity and Ophthalmic Transport of Fluconazole from PEGylated Polycaprolactone Loaded Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010209. [PMID: 36616558 PMCID: PMC9823753 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal eye infections are caused mainly by an eye injury and can result in serious eye damage. Fluconazole (FLZ), a broad-spectrum antifungal agent, is a poorly soluble drug with a risk of hepatotoxicity. This work aimed to investigate the antifungal activity, ocular irritation, and transport of FLZ-loaded poly (ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles using a rabbit eye model. Three formulation factors affecting the nanoparticle's size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency were optimized utilizing the Box-Behnken design. Morphological characteristics and antifungal activity of the optimized nanoparticles were studied. The optimized nanoparticles were loaded into thermosensitive in situ hydrogel and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) hydrogel ophthalmic formulations. The rheological behavior, in vitro release and in vivo corneal transport were investigated. Results revealed that the percentage of poly (ε-caprolactone) in the nanoparticle matrix, polymer addition rate, and mixing speed significantly affected the particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The optimized nanoparticles were spherical in shape and show an average size of 145 nm, a zeta potential of -28.23 mV, and a FLZ entrapment efficiency of 98.2%. The antifungal activity of FLZ-loaded nanoparticles was significantly higher than the pure drug. The developed ophthalmic formulations exhibited a pseudoplastic flow, prolonged the drug release and were found to be non-irritating to the cornea. The prepared FLZ pegylated nanoparticles were able to reach the posterior eye segment without eye irritation. As a result, the developed thermosensitive in situ hydrogel formulation loaded with FLZ polymeric nanoparticles is a promising drug delivery strategy for treating deep fungal eye infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaimaa M. Almehmady
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.); (T.A.A.); Tel.: +966-2-640-0000 (ext. 24057) (A.M.A.); +966-2-640-0000 (ext. 22250) (T.A.A.)
| | - Khalid M. El-Say
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal A. Mubarak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen A. Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Njood A. Somali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Sirwi
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahmah Algarni
- Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.M.A.); (T.A.A.); Tel.: +966-2-640-0000 (ext. 24057) (A.M.A.); +966-2-640-0000 (ext. 22250) (T.A.A.)
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2
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Yu H, Zhang B, Liu M, Xing W, Hu K, Yang S, He G, Gong N, Du G, Lu Y. Design, Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Five Cocrystal Hydrates of Fluconazole with Hydroxybenzoic Acids. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112486. [PMID: 36432677 PMCID: PMC9694130 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To modulate the physicochemical properties of fluconazole (FLZ), a multifunctional antifungal drug, the crystal engineering technique was employed. In this paper, five novel cocrystal hydrates of FLZ with a range of phenolic acids from the GRAS list, namely, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (24DHB), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (34DHB, form I and form II), 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (35DHB), and 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (345THB) were disclosed and reported for the first time. Crystals of these five hydrates were all obtained for single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis. Robust (hydroxyl/carboxyl) O-H. . . Narom hydrogen bonds between acids and FLZ triazolyl moiety were observed to be dominant in guiding these crystal forms. The water molecule plays the role of supramolecular "linkage" in the strengthening and stabilization of these hydrates by interacting with FLZ and acids through O-H. . . O hydrogen bonds. In particular, the formation of FLZ-34DHB-H2O (1:1:1) significantly reduces hygroscopicity and hence improves the stability of FLZ, the latter of which is unstable and easily transforms into its monohydrate form. Increased initial dissolution rates were observed in the obtained cocrystal forms, and an enhanced intrinsic dissolution rate was obtained in FLZ-35DHB-H2O (1:1:1) in comparison with commercialized FLZ form II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Baoxi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Meiju Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenhui Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kun Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shiying Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guorong He
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ningbo Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (Y.L.)
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing City Key Laboratory of Drug Target Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (N.G.); (Y.L.)
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3
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Jarungsirawat R, Kajthunyakarn W, Siriwachirachai C, Pongjanyakul T. Formulation Development of Fluconazole-Loaded Lactose Agglomerate Tablets as a Disinfectant for Candida-Associated Dentures. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081723. [PMID: 36015349 PMCID: PMC9414907 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Denture stomatitis is induced by irritation or an inflammatory response when wearing a denture for a long time. Candida species are the leading cause of biofilm formation on the surfaces and fissures of dentures. Thus, this study aimed to formulate and evaluate fluconazole tablets for use in preparing a disinfectant mixture with anticandidal activity. For size enlargement of lactose, a tablet diluent, using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as an agglomerating agent, was developed to enhance the flowability and compactability of the tablet preparation using direct compression. Lactose agglomerates with 6% PVP were used as a diluent for the fluconazole tablets. Furthermore, other excipients were used, such as a buffering agent, disintegrant, surfactant, and lubricant. The fluconazole tablets obtained could be dispersed and dissolved within 10 min in distilled water to achieve a clear mixture, providing a neutral pH and 96% transmittance. Furthermore, the fluconazole mixtures displayed anticandidal efficiency against C. albicans with a similar effect to the standard fluconazole solution. These findings suggest that the fluconazole-loaded lactose agglomerate tablets show strong potential when prepared using direct compression. The fluconazole mixtures made by dispersing the tablets can be used as a disinfectant for Candida-associated dentures, particularly in patients with oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapee Jarungsirawat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wanassnant Kajthunyakarn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok 26120, Thailand
| | - Chaipat Siriwachirachai
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thaned Pongjanyakul
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-850-113-176
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4
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Al Hujran TA, Magharbeh MK, Habashneh AY, Al-Dmour RS, Aboelela A, Tawfeek HM. Insight into the Inclusion Complexation of Fluconazole with Sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene in Aqueous Solution, Solid-State, and Its Antimycotic Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144425. [PMID: 35889298 PMCID: PMC9317573 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aims to assess the interaction between fluconazole and sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene towards enhancing its dissolution performance and antimycotic activity. A solubility study was carried out at different pH conditions, and the results revealed the formation of a 1:1 molar ratio fluconazole-sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene inclusion complex with an AL type phase solubility diagrams. The solid powder systems of fluconazole-sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene were prepared using kneaded and co-evaporation techniques and physical mixtures. DCS, PXRD, TGA-DTG, FT-IR, and in vitro dissolution performance characterize the prepared systems. According to physicochemical characterization, the co-evaporation approach produces an amorphous inclusion complex of the drug inside the cavity of sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene. The co-evaporate product significantly increased the drug dissolution rate up to 93 ± 1.77% within 10 min, unlike other prepared solid powders. The antimycotic activity showed an increase substantially (p ≤ 0.05, t-test) antimycotic activity of fluconazole co-evaporate mixture with sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene compared with fluconazole alone against clinical strains of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. In conclusion, sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene could be considered an efficient complexing agent for fluconazole to enhance its aqueous solubility, dissolution performance, and antimycotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayel A Al Hujran
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan
| | - Mousa K Magharbeh
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan
| | - Almeqdad Y Habashneh
- The Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Rasha S Al-Dmour
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan
| | - Ashraf Aboelela
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Hesham M Tawfeek
- Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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5
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Lazo REL, Teleginski LK, Maciel AB, Silva MAS, Mendes C, Bernardi LS, Murakami FS, Sonvico F, Oliveira PR. Comparator product issues for biowaiver implementation: the case of Fluconazole. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e19710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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6
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Mushtaq A, Baseer A, Zaidi SS, Waseem Khan M, Batool S, Elahi E, Aman W, Naeem M, Din FU. Fluconazole-loaded thermosensitive system: In vitro release, pharmacokinetics and safety study. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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7
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Vakili K, Rezaei H, Poturcu K, Jouyban A, Hanaee J, Martinez F, Rahimpour E. Solubility study of sildenafil citrate in (2-propanol + water) binary mixtures at different temperatures. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Charoo NA, Abdallah DB, Bakheit AA, Haque KU, Hassan HA, Abrahamsson B, Cristofoletti R, Langguth P, Mehta M, Parr A, Polli JE, Shah VP, Tajiri T, Dressman J. Biowaiver Monograph for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Sitagliptin Phosphate Monohydrate. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:2-13. [PMID: 34597625 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Sitagliptin is an antihyperglycemic drug used in adults for the treatment of diabetes Type 2. Literature data and in-house experiments were applied in this monograph to assess whether methods based on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) could be used to assess the bioequivalence of solid immediate-release (IR) oral dosage forms containing sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate, as an alternative to a pharmacokinetic study in human volunteers. The solubility and permeability characteristics of sitagliptin were reviewed according to the BCS, along with dissolution, therapeutic index, therapeutic applications, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic characteristics, reports of bioequivalence (BE) / bioavailability problems, data on interactions between the drug and excipients and other data germane to the subject. All data reviewed in this monograph unambiguously support classification of sitagliptin as a BCS Class 1 drug. In light of its broad therapeutic index and lack of severe adverse effects, the clinical risks associated with moderately supraoptimal doses were deemed inconsequential, as were the risks associated with moderately suboptimal doses. Taking all evidence into consideration, it was concluded that the BCS-based biowaiver can be implemented for solid IR oral drug products containing sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate, provided (a) the test product is formulated solely with excipients commonly present in solid IR oral drug products approved in ICH or associated countries and used in amounts commonly applied in this type of product, (b) data in support of the BCS-based biowaiver are obtained using the methods recommended by the WHO, FDA, EMA or ICH and (c) the test product and the comparator product (which is the innovator product in this case) meet all in vitro dissolution specifications provided in the WHO, FDA, EMA or ICH guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem A Charoo
- Succor Pharma Solutions, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Daud B Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ahmed Abdalla Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Kashif Ul Haque
- Succor Pharma Solutions, Dubai Science Park, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hassan Ali Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Bertil Abrahamsson
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo Cristofoletti
- Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), Division of Bioequivalence, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Peter Langguth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mehul Mehta
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Alan Parr
- Bioceutics LCC, Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - James E Polli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vinod P Shah
- International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Tomokazu Tajiri
- Astellas Pharma Inc, Analytical Research Laboratories, Yaizu, Japan
| | - Jennifer Dressman
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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9
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An Assessment of Occasional Bio-Inequivalence for BCS1 and BCS3 Drugs: What are the Underlying Reasons? J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:124-134. [PMID: 34363838 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite having adequate solubility properties, bioequivalence (BE) studies performed on immediate release formulations containing BCS1/3 drugs occasionally fail. By systematically evaluating a set of 17 soluble drugs where unexpected BE failures have been reported and comparing to a set of 29 drugs where no such reports have been documented, a broad assessment of the risk factors leading to BE failure was performed. BE failures for BCS1/3 drugs were predominantly related to changes in Cmax rather than AUC. Cmax changes were typically modest, with minimal clinical significance for most drugs. Overall, drugs with a sharp plasma peak were identified as a key factor in BE failure risk. A new pharmacokinetic term (t½Cmax) is proposed to identify drugs at higher risk due to their peak plasma profile shape. In addition, the analysis revealed that weak acids, and drugs with particularly high gastric solubility are potentially more vulnerable to BE failure, particularly when these features are combined with a sharp Cmax peak. BCS3 drugs, which are often characterised as being more vulnerable to BE failure due to their potential for permeation and transit to be altered, particularly by excipient change, were not in general at greater risk of BE failures. These findings will help to inform how biowaivers may be optimally applied in the future.
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10
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Charoo NA, Abdallah DB, Parveen T, Abrahamsson B, Cristofoletti R, Groot DW, Langguth P, Parr A, Polli JE, Mehta M, Shah VP, Tajiri T, Dressman J. Biowaiver Monograph for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2654-2675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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11
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In Silico Prediction of Plasma Concentrations of Fluconazole Capsules with Different Dissolution Profiles and Bioequivalence Study Using Population Simulation. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11050215. [PMID: 31060289 PMCID: PMC6571621 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A biowaiver is accepted by the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) for immediate-release solid oral products containing Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class I drugs showing rapid drug dissolution. This study aimed to simulate plasma concentrations of fluconazole capsules with different dissolution profiles and run population simulation to evaluate their bioequivalence. The dissolution profiles of two batches of the reference product Zoltec® 150 mg capsules, A1 and A2, and two batches of other products (B1 and B2; C1 and C2), as well as plasma concentration–time data of the reference product from the literature, were used for the simulations. Although products C1 and C2 had drug dissolutions < 85% in 30 min at 0.1 M HCl, simulation results demonstrated that these products would show the same in vivo performance as products A1, A2, B1, and B2. Population simulation results of the ln-transformed 90% confidence interval for the ratio of Cmax and AUC0–t values for all products were within the 80–125% interval, showing to be bioequivalent. Thus, even though the in vitro dissolution behavior of products C1 and C2 was not equivalent to a rapid dissolution profile, the computer simulations proved to be an important tool to show the possibility of bioequivalence for these products.
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12
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Gatarić B, Parojčić J. Application of data mining approach to identify drug subclasses based on solubility and permeability. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2019; 40:51-61. [PMID: 30635908 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Solubility and permeability are recognized as key parameters governing drug intestinal absorption and represent the basis for biopharmaceutics drug classification. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) is widely accepted and adopted by regulatory agencies. However, currently established low/high permeability and solubility boundaries are the subject of the ongoing scientific discussion. The aim of the present study was to apply data mining analysis on the selected drugs data set in order to develop a human permeability predictive model based on selected molecular descriptors, and to perform data clustering and classification to identify drug subclasses with respect to dose/solubility ratio (D/S) and effective permeability (Peff ). The Peff values predicted for 30 model drugs for which experimental human permeability data are not available were in good agreement with the reported fraction of drug absorbed. The results of clustering and classification analysis indicate the predominant influence of Peff over D/S. Two Peff cut-off values (1 × 10-4 and 2.7 × 10-4 cm/s) have been identified indicating the existence of an intermediate group of drugs with moderate permeability. Advanced computational analysis employed in the present study enabled the recognition of complex relationships and patterns within physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties associated with drug bioperformance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Gatarić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Banja Luka - Faculty of Medicine, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Hercegovina
| | - Jelena Parojčić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221, Belgrade, Serbia
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13
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Owoyemi BCD, da Silva CCP, Diniz LF, Souza MS, Ellena J, Carneiro RL. Fluconazolium oxalate: synthesis and structural characterization of a highly soluble crystalline form. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01729h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fluconazole (FLZ) is one of the most used antifungal drugs worldwide and has been the focus of various investigations with the aim of enhancing its biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolaji C. Dayo Owoyemi
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar
- ZIP 13560-905 São Carlos – SP
- Brazil
| | - Cecilia C. P. da Silva
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar
- ZIP 13560-905 São Carlos – SP
- Brazil
| | - Luan F. Diniz
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Matheus S. Souza
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Javier Ellena
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos
- Universidade de São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | - Renato L. Carneiro
- Department of Chemistry
- Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar
- ZIP 13560-905 São Carlos – SP
- Brazil
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14
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Thambavita D, Galappatthy P, Mannapperuma U, Jayakody L, Cristofoletti R, Abrahamsson B, Groot DW, Langguth P, Mehta M, Parr A, Polli JE, Shah VP, Dressman J. Biowaiver Monograph for Immediate-Release Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Amoxicillin Trihydrate. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:2930-2945. [PMID: 28483422 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Literature and experimental data relevant to waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of immediate-release solid oral dosage forms containing amoxicillin trihydrate are reviewed. Solubility and permeability characteristics according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS), therapeutic uses, therapeutic index, excipient interactions, as well as dissolution and BE and bioavailability studies were taken into consideration. Solubility and permeability studies indicate that amoxicillin doses up to 875 mg belong to BCS class I, whereas 1000 mg belongs to BCS class II and doses of more than 1000 mg belong to BCS class IV. Considering all aspects, the biowaiver procedure can be recommended for solid oral products of amoxicillin trihydrate immediate-release preparations containing amoxicillin as the single active pharmaceutical ingredient at dose strengths of 875 mg or less, provided (a) only the excipients listed in this monograph are used, and only in their usual amounts, (b) the biowaiver study is performed according to the World Health Organization-, U.S. Food and Drug Administration-, or European Medicines Agency-recommended method using the innovator as the comparator, and (c) results comply with criteria for "very rapidly dissolving" or "similarly rapidly dissolving." Products containing other excipients and those containing more than 875 mg amoxicillin per unit should be subjected to an in vivo BE study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanusha Thambavita
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
| | - Priyadarshani Galappatthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
| | - Uthpali Mannapperuma
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
| | - Lal Jayakody
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
| | - Rodrigo Cristofoletti
- Division of Bioequivalence, Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa), Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Dirk W Groot
- RIVM (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Langguth
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mehul Mehta
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Drug Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993
| | - Alan Parr
- BioCeutics LLC, Cary, North Carolina 28594
| | - James E Polli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Vinod P Shah
- International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Dressman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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15
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Charoo NA, Cristofoletti R, Kim SK. Integrating biopharmaceutics risk assessment and in vivo absorption model in formulation development of BCS class I drug using the QbD approach. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 43:668-677. [PMID: 28032517 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1278013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinically relevant critical quality attributes (CQA's) were identified for the development of generic drug products containing fluconazole and potential design spaces relevant to the clinical application of the drug candidate was explored. SIGNIFICANCE A simplified scoring system for the biopharmaceutics risk assessment roadmap (BioRAM) is proposed to guide product development. METHODS Factorial design of experiments was employed to study the effect of formulation and process variables on CQA's. The in vivo model was developed for predicting the fraction of drug absorbed and to identify the effect of formulation components on drug absorption. RESULTS BioRAM yielded low scores for fluconazole absorption with respect to severity (risks of sub and supra-bioavailable drug products), probability of incidence of bioinequivalent results and capacity of detection. The results demonstrated that dissolution was highly influenced by the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) polymorphism and the ratio of diluents. Process variables (mixing time, lubricant concentration, lubrication time and filling speed) did not impact the clinical outcome of the formulation with respect to dissolution and content uniformity. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the clinical implications of the adopted formulation approach led to the construction of purposeful design space and control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem A Charoo
- a Zeino Therapeutics , Khalifa Industrial Zone , Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates
| | - Rodrigo Cristofoletti
- b Division of Therapeutic Equivalence , Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) , Brasilia , Brazil.,c Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University , Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | - Sun K Kim
- d QbD Works LLC , Fremont , CA , USA
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16
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Cristofoletti R, Charoo NA, Dressman JB. Exploratory Investigation of the Limiting Steps of Oral Absorption of Fluconazole and Ketoconazole in Children Using an In Silico Pediatric Absorption Model. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:2794-2803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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García-Arieta A, Gordon J, Potthast H. On the Biopharmaceutics Classification System Biowaiver of Ibuprofen. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:2429-32. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Matsui K, Tsume Y, Amidon GE, Amidon GL. In Vitro Dissolution of Fluconazole and Dipyridamole in Gastrointestinal Simulator (GIS), Predicting in Vivo Dissolution and Drug–Drug Interaction Caused by Acid-Reducing Agents. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:2418-28. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Matsui
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
- Pharmacokinetics
and Safety Laboratory, Discovery Research, Pharmaceutical Research
Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 722 Uenohara, Jimba, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsume
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
| | - Gregory E. Amidon
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
| | - Gordon L. Amidon
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1065, United States
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19
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Charoo NA, Cristofoletti R, Dressman JB. Risk assessment for extending the Biopharmaceutics Classification System-based biowaiver of immediate release dosage forms of fluconazole in adults to the paediatric population. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1156-69. [PMID: 25828546 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The paediatric population undergoes developmental changes in gastric pH, gastric emptying, intestinal transit time, membrane permeability, protein binding, body water, distribution and metabolism. It is widely recognised that changes in these parameters may result in an alteration of the plasma profile and thus in key bioequivalence parameters such as Cmax (maximum plasma concentration of drug) and area under the plasma concentration vs time profile curve. The aim of this work is to assess the risk of extending the biowaiver for immediate release dosage formulations of fluconazole from the adult to the paediatric population. METHODS AND KEY FINDINGS Fluconazole exhibits good solubility and very rapid dissolution characteristics in various pH media. The absorption of fluconazole in children is known to be complete (over 90%) and not impaired by elevated pH, which is prevalent during the early days of life. Dose numbers calculated using body surface area are less than 1. Therefore, the risk to drug absorption due to differences in gastric pH, gastric emptying, intestinal transit, membrane permeability and metabolising enzymes between adults and children is considered low. CONCLUSIONS Thus, it can be safely concluded that fluconazole meets highly soluble and highly permeable criteria in the paediatric population and can be allocated to class 1 of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) for this population as well as in adults. Additionally, fluconazole has an excellent safety profile in children, similar to that in adults. The BCS-based biowaiver claimed in adults can be safely extended to the paediatric population provided that the requirements in excipient selection and dissolution profile comparison using BCS-based dissolution conditions as stated in the biowaiver monograph for fluconazole immediate release dosage forms in adults are fulfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem A Charoo
- Department of Research and Development, AlFalah Life Sciences Pvt Ltd, Budgam, India.,Emirates Pharma, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rodrigo Cristofoletti
- Division of Therapeutic Equivalence, Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), Brasilia, Brazil.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jennifer B Dressman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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