1
|
Šlachtová V, Casaretto N, Brulíková L, Six Y. Bicyclic N-dihalocyclopropylamide derivatives as precursors of nitrogen-containing fused polycyclic systems. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6325-6341. [PMID: 37337777 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00643c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Examples of carbon-carbon bond-forming cyclisation reactions, involving allyl cations generated by the thermal ring-opening of halocyclopropanes, have been scarcely reported. In this contribution, we are describing the results of a study conducted with N-dihalocyclopropylamide substrates, designed as precursors of cyclic iminium intermediates that were aimed at participating in intramolecular reactions with electron-rich aromatic groups. Competitive side-reactions were identified, and access to the desired polycyclic products was carefully evaluated. The results were found to be strongly dependent on the substitution pattern of the nucleophilic aromatic moieties, as well as on the sizes of the rings of the target products. In spite of the rather moderate yields generally obtained, this approach represents a particularly short and inexpensive route to various interesting nitrogen-containing polycyclic systems, namely benzoindolizidine, benzoquinolizidine, piperidinobenzoazepane and azepanoisoquinoline compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Šlachtová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Nicolas Casaretto
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), UMR 9168 CNRS/École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Lucie Brulíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Yvan Six
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (LSO), UMR 7652 CNRS/ENSTA/École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
R JA, Narayan S. A Systematic Review of Different Classes of Biopolymers and Their Use as Antimicrobial Agents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162023020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
|
3
|
Wijaya V, Janďourek O, Křoustková J, Hradiská-Breiterová K, Korábečný J, Sobolová K, Kohelová E, Hošťálková A, Konečná K, Šafratová M, Vrabec R, Kuneš J, Opletal L, Chlebek J, Cahlíková L. Alkaloids of Dicranostigma franchetianum (Papaveraceae) and Berberine Derivatives as a New Class of Antimycobacterial Agents. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060844. [PMID: 35740968 PMCID: PMC9221290 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains has created a need for new antiTB agents with new chemical scaffolds to combat the disease. Thus, the key question is: how to search for new antiTB and where to look for them? One of the possibilities is to search among natural products (NPs). In order to search for new antiTB drugs, the detailed phytochemical study of the whole Dicranostigma franchetianum plant was performed isolating wide spectrum of isoquinoline alkaloids (IAs). The chemical structures of the isolated alkaloids were determined by a combination of MS, HRMS, 1D, and 2D NMR techniques, and by comparison with literature data. Alkaloids were screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and four other mycobacterial strains (M. aurum, M. avium, M. kansasii, and M. smegmatis). Alkaloids 3 and 5 showed moderate antimycobacterial activity against all tested strains (MICs 15.625–31.25 µg/mL). Furthermore, ten semisynthetic berberine (16a–16k) derivatives were developed and tested for antimycobacterial activity. In general, the derivatization of berberine was connected with a significant increase in antimycobacterial activity against all tested strains (MICs 0.39–7.81 μg/mL). Two derivatives (16e, 16k) were identified as compounds with micromolar MICs against M. tuberculosis H37Ra (MIC 2.96 and 2.78 µM). All compounds were also evaluated for their in vitro hepatotoxicity on a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2), exerting lower cytotoxicity profile than their MIC values, thereby potentially reaching an effective concentration without revealing toxic side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viriyanata Wijaya
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Ondřej Janďourek
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Jana Křoustková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Kateřina Hradiská-Breiterová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jan Korábečný
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Kateřina Sobolová
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Eliška Kohelová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Anna Hošťálková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Klára Konečná
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (K.K.)
| | - Marcela Šafratová
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Rudolf Vrabec
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiří Kuneš
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Lubomír Opletal
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Jakub Chlebek
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
| | - Lucie Cahlíková
- ADINACO Research Group, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.W.); (J.K.); (K.H.-B.); (E.K.); (A.H.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (L.O.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reviriot Y, Michelet B, Beaud R, Martin‐Mingot A, Guégan F, Thibaudeau S, Rodriguez J, Bonne D. Hidden Heptacyclic Chiral
N
‐Acyl Iminium Ions: A New Entry to Enantioenriched Polycyclic Azepanes and Azocanes by Superacid‐Promoted Intramolecular Pictet‐Spengler Reaction. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200432. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Reviriot
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2 Marseille Marseille France
| | - Bastien Michelet
- Université de Poitiers UMR-CNRS 7285 IC2MP 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Rodolphe Beaud
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2 Marseille Marseille France
| | - Agnès Martin‐Mingot
- Université de Poitiers UMR-CNRS 7285 IC2MP 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Frédéric Guégan
- Université de Poitiers UMR-CNRS 7285 IC2MP 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Sébastien Thibaudeau
- Université de Poitiers UMR-CNRS 7285 IC2MP 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9 France
| | - Jean Rodriguez
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2 Marseille Marseille France
| | - Damien Bonne
- Aix Marseille Université CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2 Marseille Marseille France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Demekhin OD, Burov ON, Kletskii ME, Lisovin AV, Kurbatov SV, Bereznyak EA, Trishina AV. New 13-vinyl derivatives of berberine: synthesis and characterization. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-022-03067-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
6
|
Gaba S, Saini A, Singh G, Monga V. An insight into the medicinal attributes of berberine derivatives: A review. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 38:116143. [PMID: 33848698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, traditional natural products have been the center of attention for the scientific community and exploration of their therapeutic abilities is proceeding perpetually. Berberine, with remarkable therapeutic diversity, is a plant derived isoquinoline alkaloid which is widely used as a traditional medicine in China. Berberine has been tackled as a fascinating pharmacophore to make great contributions to the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents against variegated diseases. Despite its tremendous therapeutic potential, clinical utility of this alkaloid was significantly compromised due to undesirable pharmacokinetic properties. To overcome this limitation, several structural modifications were performed on this scaffold to improve its therapeutic efficacy. The collective efforts of the community have achieved the tremendous advancements, bringing berberine to clinical use and discovering new therapeutic opportunities by structural modifications on the berberine scaffold. In this review, recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of berberine and its derivatives in the last few years (2016-2020) have been compiled to represent inclusive data associated with various biological activities of this alkaloid. The comprehensive structure-activity relationship studies along with molecular modelling and mechanistic studies have also been summarized. This article would be highly helpful for the scientific community to get better insight into medicinal research of berberine and become a compelling guide for the rational design of berberine based compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobhi Gaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Anjali Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Vikramdeep Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, Moga-142001, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ehteshamfar S, Akhbari M, Afshari JT, Seyedi M, Nikfar B, Shapouri‐Moghaddam A, Ghanbarzadeh E, Momtazi‐Borojeni AA. Anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory impacts of berberine on activation of autoreactive T cells in autoimmune inflammation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13573-13588. [PMID: 33135395 PMCID: PMC7754052 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoreactive inflammatory CD4+ T cells, such as T helper (Th)1 and Th17 subtypes, have been found to associate with the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. On the other hand, CD4+ Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells are crucial for the immune tolerance and have a critical role in the suppression of the excessive immune and inflammatory response promoted by these Th cells. In contrast, dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are immune cells that through their inflammatory functions promote autoreactive T-cell responses in autoimmune conditions. In recent years, there has been increasing attention to exploring effective immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory agents from the herbal collection of traditional medicine. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, is one of the main active ingredients extracted from medicinal herbs and has been shown to exert various biological and pharmacological effects that are suggested to be mainly attributed to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Several lines of experimental study have recently investigated the therapeutic potential of berberine for treating autoimmune conditions in animal models of human autoimmune diseases. Here, we aimed to seek mechanisms underlying immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of berberine on autoreactive inflammatory responses in autoimmune conditions. Reported data reveal that berberine can directly suppress functions and differentiation of pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells, and indirectly decrease Th cell-mediated inflammation through modulating or suppressing other cells assisting autoreactive inflammation, such as Tregs, DCs and macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed‐Morteza Ehteshamfar
- Department of ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineBuAli Research InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Masoume Akhbari
- Department of Molecular MedicineSchool of MedicineQazvin University of Medical SciencesQazvinIran
| | - Jalil Tavakol Afshari
- Department of ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineBuAli Research InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Banafsheh Nikfar
- Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research CenterPars HospitalIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Abbas Shapouri‐Moghaddam
- Department of ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineBuAli Research InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mittal RP, Jaitak V. Plant-Derived Natural Alkaloids as New Antimicrobial and Adjuvant Agents in Existing Antimicrobial Therapy. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:1409-1433. [PMID: 31215387 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190618124224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases, instigated by pathogenic microorganisms are the cause of numerous health problems in developing countries. Infectious diseases got a place in the list of top ten death causes worldwide. The reason behind that level of severity is antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance makes the antimicrobial agents useless when used in the treatment of infectious diseases. Microbes have very smartly achieved resistance against synthetic and semi-synthetic antimicrobial agents for their survival. Therefore, the handling of these diseases has become challenging. The resistance developing power is the reason for their existence since a million years. Due to their highly dangerous nature, proper treatment of infectious diseases has become a topic of concern. This leads the scientists or researchers to focus their research towards natural agents. Plants synthesize secondary metabolites to cope up with biotic and abiotic changes in the environment. Alkaloids are one of the secondary metabolites, synthesized by plants. Alkaloids protect the plant from predators and help them to fight with pathogens. The protecting nature of alkaloids can be used as a strong weapon in battle with resistant microorganisms. The purpose of this review is to provide information about the antimicrobial activity of alkaloids obtained from different plants and their combination with synthetic antimicrobials. Their mechanism of action against microorganisms is also given in the review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajinder Pal Mittal
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Setzer WN. The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 5:E121. [PMID: 30424560 PMCID: PMC6313439 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5040121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Native Americans have had a rich ethnobotanical heritage for treating diseases, ailments, and injuries. Cherokee traditional medicine has provided numerous aromatic and medicinal plants that not only were used by the Cherokee people, but were also adopted for use by European settlers in North America. Methods: The aim of this review was to examine the Cherokee ethnobotanical literature and the published phytochemical investigations on Cherokee medicinal plants and to correlate phytochemical constituents with traditional uses and biological activities. Results: Several Cherokee medicinal plants are still in use today as herbal medicines, including, for example, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora). This review presents a summary of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of Cherokee aromatic and medicinal plants. Conclusions: The list is not complete, however, as there is still much work needed in phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation of many traditional herbal medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Neag MA, Mocan A, Echeverría J, Pop RM, Bocsan CI, Crişan G, Buzoianu AD. Berberine: Botanical Occurrence, Traditional Uses, Extraction Methods, and Relevance in Cardiovascular, Metabolic, Hepatic, and Renal Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:557. [PMID: 30186157 PMCID: PMC6111450 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine-containing plants have been traditionally used in different parts of the world for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, skin diseases, wound healing, reducing fevers, affections of eyes, treatment of tumors, digestive and respiratory diseases, and microbial pathologies. The physico-chemical properties of berberine contribute to the high diversity of extraction and detection methods. Considering its particularities this review describes various methods mentioned in the literature so far with reference to the most important factors influencing berberine extraction. Further, the common separation and detection methods like thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry are discussed in order to give a complex overview of the existing methods. Additionally, many clinical and experimental studies suggest that berberine has several pharmacological properties, such as immunomodulatory, antioxidative, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects. This review summarizes the main information about botanical occurrence, traditional uses, extraction methods, and pharmacological effects of berberine and berberine-containing plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Neag
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Raluca M. Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina I. Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gianina Crişan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca D. Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mishra SK, Tripathi G, Kishore N, Singh RK, Singh A, Tiwari VK. Drug development against tuberculosis: Impact of alkaloids. Eur J Med Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
12
|
Kim HJ, Kim H, Jung MH, Kwon YK, Kim BJ. Berberine induces pacemaker potential inhibition via cGMP-dependent ATP-sensitive K+ channels by stimulating mu/delta opioid receptors in cultured interstitial cells of Cajal from mouse small intestine. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3985-91. [PMID: 27601272 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine is traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders. The interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are the pacemaker cells of the gastrointestinal tract, which are responsible for the production of gut movements. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of berberine on pacemaker potentials (PPs) in cultured ICC clusters from the mouse small intestine, and sought to identify the receptors involved and the underlying mechanisms of action. All experiments were performed on cultured ICCs, and a whole‑cell patch‑clamp configuration was used to record PPs from ICC clusters (current clamp mode). Under current clamp mode, berberine was shown to decrease the amplitude and frequency of PPs. However, these effects were suppressed by treatment with glibenclamide, a specific ATP‑sensitive K+ channel blocker. Nor‑binaltorphimine dihydrochloride (a kappa opioid receptor antagonist) did not suppress berberine‑induced PP inhibition, whereas ICI 174,864 (a delta opioid receptor antagonist) and CTOP (a mu opioid receptor antagonist) did suppress the inhibitory effects of berberine. Pretreatment with SQ‑22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor) or with KT‑5720 (a protein kinase A inhibitor) did not suppress the effects of berberine; however, pretreatment with 1H‑[1,2,4] oxadiazolo [4,3‑a] quinoxalin‑1‑one (a guanylate cyclase inhibitor) or KT‑5823 [a protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor] did. In addition, berberine stimulated cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production in ICCs. These observations indicate that berberine may inhibit the pacemaker activity of ICC clusters via ATP‑sensitive K+ channels and the cGMP‑PKG‑dependent pathway by stimulating mu and delta opioid receptors. Therefore, berberine may provide a basis for the development of novel agents for the treatment of GI motility dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Kim
- Division of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ho Jung
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kyu Kwon
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He JM, Mu Q. The medicinal uses of the genus Mahonia in traditional Chinese medicine: An ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:668-83. [PMID: 26387740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plants of the genus Mahonia Nuttall (Berberidaceae) have a long history of medical use in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of a wide range of health disorders, such as tuberculosis, periodontitis, dysentery, pharyngolaryngitis, eczema, and wounds. In the theory of TCM, most Mahonia species exert the effects of relieving internal heat, eliminating dampness, removing toxins, suppressing pain, promoting blood circulation, inhibiting cough and alleviating inflammation. The aim of the review is to provide comprehensive summary on ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and clinical trials of Mahonia species used in TCM based on scientific literature. Available scientific evidence supporting the therapeutic effects of Mahonia species in TCM is demonstrated and opportunities for future research are discussed to highlight the scientific gaps in our knowledge that deserves further investigation. METHODS The available information on the ethnopharmacological uses in Chinese medicine, phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical practice of the genus Mahonia was collected from Chinese Herbal Classics, published books, un-published resources, dissertations and various worldwide-accepted scientific databases: CNKI, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, Wiley, TPL (www.theplantlist.org), SciFinder, and Embase. RESULTS A variety of ethnomedical usages of Mahonia have been recorded in ancient Chinese books and references. The phytochemical research of this genus has resulted in the identification of more than 150 chemical constituents, among which alkaloids are predominant. The isolated compounds and crude extracts have been shown to exhibit a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimutagenic and analgesic properties. Preparations containing Mahonia species have been demonstrated to exert good efficacy for the clinical treatment of dysentery, internal and external hemorrhage, acne vulgaris and chronic pharyngitis, among other diseases. CONCLUSIONS The available scientific references demonstrate that the traditional medical uses of some important Mahonia species in TCM have been evaluated in modern pharmacological studies. Isoquinoline alkaloids may contribute to some of the activities shown by the plants of this genus. However, further studies employing scientific technologies and methods are warranted to reveal the phytochemistry of this genus, particularly to detail the active compounds and the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming He
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mahapatra A, Maheswari V, Kalia NP, Rajput VS, Khan IA. Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of Berberine Derivatives. Chem Nat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-014-0942-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
15
|
Chen DP, Xiong YJ, Lv BC, Liu FF, Wang L, Tang ZY, Lin Y. Effects of berberine on rat jejunal motility. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 65:734-44. [PMID: 23600391 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate berberine-induced bidirectional regulation on the contractility of jejunum. METHODS Different low and high contractile states of isolated jejunal segment from rat were established to investigate the effects of berberine. KEY FINDINGS Stimulatory effects on jejunal segment were exerted by berberine in six low contractile states and inhibitory effects were produced on jejunal segment in six high contractile states. The effects of berberine on myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) mRNA expression, MLCK protein content, and myosin phosphorylation in jejunum were also bidirectional. Bidirectional regulation was not observed in the presence of tetrodotoxin. No regulatory effects of berberine on jejunal contractility were observed in the presence of verapamil. The stimulatory effects of berberine on jejunal contractility were blocked by atropine. The inhibitory effects of berberine on jejunal contractility were abolished by phentolamine, propranolol and L-NG-nitro-arginine, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Berberine-induced bidirectional regulation needed the presence of the enteric nervous system, and depended on the influx of extracellular Ca(2+) , related to the cholinergic system while jejunum was in low contractile states, and related to the adrenergic system and nitric oxide relaxing mechanism while jejunum was in high contractile states. The results suggested the potential clinical implication of berberine for alternating-type irritable bowel syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Peng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Antibacterial activity of hydroxychalcone against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2010; 6:227-31. [PMID: 18611712 DOI: 10.1016/0924-8579(95)00065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/1995] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Anti-candidal hydroxychalcone, 2,4,2'-trihydroxy-5'-methylchalcone (THMC), was investigated for its antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). THMC showed the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 25.0-50.0 mug/ml against tested 20 strains, at which the effect was based on a bacteriostatic action. THMC of 25.0 mug/ml completely inhibited the incorporation of radio-labelled thymidine and uridine into MRSA cells. In combination with antibiotics, the fractional inhibitory concentration indices were 0.47 for gentamicin and 0.79 for vancomycin, indicating that THMC acts synergistically with these agents. THMC would be a potent therapeutic agent for MRSA infections.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kishore N, Mishra BB, Tripathi V, Tiwari VK. Alkaloids as potential anti-tubercular agents. Fitoterapia 2009; 80:149-63. [PMID: 19344681 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 01/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
An increasing incidence of deaths due to tuberculosis and the known drawbacks of the current existing drugs including the emergence of multi drug-resistant strains have led to a renewed interest in the discovery of new anti-tubercular agents with novel modes of actions. The recent researches focused on natural products have shown a useful way to obtain a potentially rich source of drug candidates, where alkaloids have been found more effective. The present review focuses on current epidemiology of tuberculosis, synergy of the disease with HIV, current therapy, available molecular targets and, highlights why natural products especially alkaloids are so important. The review summarizes alkaloids found active against mycobacteria from the mid-1980s to late 2008 with special attention on the study of structure-activity relationship (SAR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jantova S, Cipak L, Letasiova S. Berberine induces apoptosis through a mitochondrial/caspase pathway in human promonocytic U937 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2007; 21:25-31. [PMID: 17011159 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2006] [Revised: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Berberine, an isoquinoline plant alkaloid, is known to generate a wide variety of biochemical and pharmacological effects. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of berberine-induced antiproliferative activities, the human promonocytic U937 cells were used. Berberine exhibited dose-dependent antiproliferative effects. Morphological evidence of apoptosis, including apoptotic DNA fragmentation, were observed in cells treated with 75 microg ml(-1) of berberine for 24h. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that berberine had no effect on cell cycle profile of U937 cells, however, sub-G(0) fraction (apoptotic cell population) was detected. The percentage of sub-G(0) fraction of cells treated with 75 microg ml(-1) of berberine was 25.3+/-1.6%. Berberine induces significant changes in mitochondrial membrane potential of U937 cells. The highest tested concentration of berberine decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential to 15.8+/-2.4% of control. Additionally, berberine-treated cells had an elevated level of ROS production. Activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 was also detected, with no caspase-8 activation observed. Taken together, the results clearly demonstrate that berberine induces apoptosis of U937 cells through the mitochondrial/caspase-dependent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sona Jantova
- Institute of Biochemistry, Nutrition and Health Protection, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Protoberberine Alkaloids: Physicochemical and Nucleic Acid Binding Properties. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2007_071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
20
|
Letasiová S, Jantová S, Cipák L, Múcková M. Berberine-antiproliferative activity in vitro and induction of apoptosis/necrosis of the U937 and B16 cells. Cancer Lett 2005; 239:254-62. [PMID: 16229943 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2005] [Revised: 05/22/2005] [Accepted: 08/17/2005] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Berberine, an isoquinoline plant alkaloid, is widely distributed in plants used in the traditional Chinese medicine. It displays a wide range of biological activities and the mechanism of action. Our previous studies of the anticancer activity of berberine against the cancer cell lines HeLa and L1210 were extended to the human tumour U937 cell line and the murine melanoma B16 cell line growing in vitro. Cytotoxicity was measured by the growth inhibition assay and by the cell morphology monitoring. The in vitro cytotoxic studies were complemented by the cell cycle analysis and determination of apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Berberine acted cytotoxically on both tumour cell lines. The melanoma B16 cells were much more sensitive to berberine treatment than the U937 cells. The value of IC(100) was below 100 microg/ml for the U937 cells and below 1 microg/ml for the B16 cells. As for both cell lines under the long-term influence the values of IC(50) were found to be less than 4 microg/ml. No effect of berberine on the cell cycle profile of the U937 and B16 cells was detected, however, berberine induced apoptosis of the U937 cells. On the other hand, cell lysis/necrosis of the berberine-treated B16 cells was observed as the result of the integrity damage of the cytoplasmic membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Letasiová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
. GM, . PH, . SK, . OF, . RA. Evaluation of Phenolic Content and Total Antioxidant Activity in Berberis
vulgaris Fruit Extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2005.648.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
22
|
Kettmann V, Kost'álová D, Höltje HD. Human topoisomerase I poisoning: docking protoberberines into a structure-based binding site model. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2005; 18:785-96. [PMID: 16075310 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-004-7878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2004] [Accepted: 12/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Using the X-ray crystal structure of the human topoisomerase I (top1) - DNA cleavable complex and the Sybyl software package, we have developed a general model for the ternary cleavable complex formed with four protoberberine alkaloids differing in the substitution on the terminal phenyl rings and covering a broad range of the top1-poisoning activities. This model has the drug intercalated with its planar chromophore between the -1 and +1 base pairs flanking the cleavage site, with the nonplanar portion pointing into the minor groove. The ternary complexes were geometry-optimized and relative interaction energies, computed by using the Tripos force field, were found to rank in correct order the biological potency of the compounds; in addition, the model is also consistent with the top1-poisoning inactivity of berberine, a major prototype of the protoberberine alkaloids. The model might serve as a rational basis for elaboration of the most active compound as a lead structure, in order to develop more potent top1 poisons as next generation anti-cancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Kettmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Da-Cunha EVL, Fechinei IM, Guedes DN, Barbosa-Filho JM, Da Silva MS. Protoberberine alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2005; 62:1-75. [PMID: 16265921 DOI: 10.1016/s1099-4831(05)62001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
24
|
Jantová S, Cipák L, Cernáková M, Kost'álová D. Effect of berberine on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in HeLa and L1210 cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2003; 55:1143-9. [PMID: 12956905 DOI: 10.1211/002235703322277186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on the anticancer activity of protoberberine alkaloids against a variety of cancer cell lines were extended to human tumour HeLa and murine leukemia L1210 cell lines. An attempt was also made to investigate the relationship between the cytotoxic activity of berberine and its molecular mechanism of action. Cytotoxicity was measured in-vitro using a primary biochemical screening according to Oyama and Eagle, and the growth inhibition assay. The in-vitro cytotoxic techniques were complemented by cell cycle analysis and determination of apoptotic DNA fragmentation in L1210 cells. Berberine acted cytotoxically on both tumour cell lines. The sensitivity of leukemia L1210 cells to the berberine was higher than that of HeLa cells. The IC(100) was below 100 microg mL(-1) for HeLa cells and approached a 10 microg mL(-1) limit for the leukemia L1210 cells. For both cell lines the IC(50) was found to be less than 4 microg mL(-1), a limit put forward by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for classification of the compound as a potential anticancer drug. In L1210 cells treated with 10-50 microg mL(-1) berberine, G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest was observed. Furthermore, a concentration-dependent decrease of cells in S phase and increase in G(2)/M phase was detected. In addition, apoptosis detected as sub-G(0) cell population in cell cycle measurement was proved in 25-100 microg mL(-1) berberine-treated cells by monitoring the apoptotic DNA fragmentation (DNA ladder) using agarose gel electrophoresis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sona Jantová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Passos XS, Santos SDC, Ferri PH, Fernandes ODFL, Paula TDF, Garcia ACF, Silva MDRR. [Antifungal activity of Caryocar brasiliensis (Caryocaraceae) against Cryptococcus neoformans]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2002; 35:623-7. [PMID: 12612745 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822002000600013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of cryptococcosis mainly in immunocompromised patients and the side effects of available drugs which are effective against this mycosis have led investigators to search for new antimycotic agents. Caryocar brasiliensis derived compounds were investigated against Cryptococcus neoformans using the agar dilution method. Based on MIC values, the best results were obtained with a concentration of < 250 g/mL of cuticular waxes of the Caryocar brasiliensis leaf collected during the dry period (170.8mm of precipitation) which inhibited the growth of 91.3% (21/23) Cryptococcus neoformans isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xisto Sena Passos
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tegos G, Stermitz FR, Lomovskaya O, Lewis K. Multidrug pump inhibitors uncover remarkable activity of plant antimicrobials. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46:3133-41. [PMID: 12234835 PMCID: PMC128777 DOI: 10.1128/aac.46.10.3133-3141.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant antimicrobials are not used as systemic antibiotics at present. The main reason for this is their low level of activity, especially against gram-negative bacteria. The reported MIC is often in the range of 100 to 1,000 micro g/ml, orders of magnitude higher than those of common broad-spectrum antibiotics from bacteria or fungi. Major plant pathogens belong to the gram-negative bacteria, which makes the low level of activity of plant antimicrobials against this group of microorganisms puzzling. Gram-negative bacteria have an effective permeability barrier, comprised of the outer membrane, which restricts the penetration of amphipathic compounds, and multidrug resistance pumps (MDRs), which extrude toxins across this barrier. It is possible that the apparent ineffectiveness of plant antimicrobials is largely due to the permeability barrier. We tested this hypothesis in the present study by applying a combination of MDR mutants and MDR inhibitors. A panel of plant antimicrobials was tested by using a set of bacteria representing the main groups of plant pathogens. The human pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium were also tested. The results show that the activities of the majority of plant antimicrobials were considerably greater against the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus megaterium and that disabling of the MDRs in gram-negative species leads to a striking increase in antimicrobial activity. Thus, the activity of rhein, the principal antimicrobial from rhubarb, was potentiated 100- to 2,000-fold (depending on the bacterial species) by disabling the MDRs. Comparable potentiation of activity was observed with plumbagin, resveratrol, gossypol, coumestrol, and berberine. Direct measurement of the uptake of berberine, a model plant antimicrobial, confirmed that disabling of the MDRs strongly increases the level of penetration of berberine into the cells of gram-negative bacteria. These results suggest that plants might have developed means of delivering their antimicrobials into bacterial cells. These findings also suggest that plant antimicrobials might be developed into effective, broad-spectrum antibiotics in combination with inhibitors of MDRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Tegos
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Volleková A, Kostálová D, Sochorová R. Isoquinoline alkaloids from Mahonia aquifolium stem bark are active against Malassezia spp. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2002; 46:107-11. [PMID: 11501395 DOI: 10.1007/bf02873586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bioassay directed fractionation of crude extract from Mahonia aquifolium led to the isolation of fraction A (bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid complex, BBI) and a fraction of protoberberine alkaloids, where the major compounds berberine and jatrorrhizine were isolated as their iodides. The antifungal activity of the crude extract, two protoberberine alkaloids and BBI from M. aquifolium stem bark were evaluated against six strains of Malassezia spp. The compounds tested were generally found to possess only weak to moderate antifungal properties: the MICs for individual strains were in the range < or = 50-> or = 1000 mg/L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Volleková
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Dermatovenerology, Slovak Postgraduate Academy of Medicine, Bratislava
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Čerňáková M, Košt'álová D, Kettmann V, Plodová M, Tóth J, Dřímal J. Potential antimutagenic activity of berberine, a constituent of Mahonia aquifolium. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2002; 2:2. [PMID: 11943071 PMCID: PMC101396 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2001] [Accepted: 02/19/2002] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As part of a study aimed at developing new pharmaceutical products from natural resources, the purpose of this research was twofold: (1) to fractionate crude extracts from the bark of Mahonia aquifolium and (2) to evaluate the strength of the antimutagenic activity of the separate components against one of the common direct-acting chemical mutagens. METHODS The antimutagenic potency was evaluated against acridine orange (AO) by using Euglena gracilis as an eukaryotic test model, based on the ability of the test compound/fraction to prevent the mutagen-induced damage of chloroplast DNA. RESULTS It was found that the antimutagenicity of the crude Mahonia extract resides in both bis-benzylisoquinoline (BBI) and protoberberine alkaloid fractions but only the protoberberine derivatives, jatrorrhizine and berberine, showed significant concentration-dependent inhibitory effect against the AO-induced chloroplast mutagenesis of E. gracilis. Especially berberine elicited, at a very low dose, remarkable suppression of the AO-induced mutagenicity, its antimutagenic potency being almost three orders of magnitude higher when compared to its close analogue, jatrorrhizine. Possible mechanisms of the antimutagenic action are discussed in terms of recent literature data. While the potent antimutagenic activity of the protoberberines most likely results from the inhibition of DNA topoisomerase I, the actual mechanism(s) for the BBI alkaloids is hard to be identified. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results indicate that berberine possesses promising antimutagenic/anticarcinogenic potential that is worth to be investigated further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Čerňáková
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniela Košt'álová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Viktor Kettmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-84216 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Miriam Plodová
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Dřímal
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-84216 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ebi GC, Kamalu TN. Phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of constituents of "Ogwu Odenigbo", a popular Nigerian herbal medicine for typhoid fever. Phytother Res 2001; 15:73-5. [PMID: 11180528 DOI: 10.1002/1099-1573(200102)15:1<73::aid-ptr957>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The ethylacetate-insoluble fraction of the methanol extract of "Ogwu Odenigbo" a popular Nigerian traditional herbal medicine for typhoid fever prepared from the stem bark of Cleistropholis patens Benth, (Annonaceae), was separated into 13 semi-characterized constituents by preparatory TLC. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the 13 fractions were quantitatively and/or qualitatively assessed by the agar well diffusion method using Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhinium, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The steroidal fraction was about 20 and 15 times more potent than penicillin and chloramphenicol respectively against B. subtilis, and about twice as active as penicillin G. or chloramphenicol against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The glycoside fractions 4/5, 6, 7 and the alkaloidal fraction 11 showed significant activity comparable to those of the controls against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The saponin fraction 1 was the only fraction active against Salmonella typhinium. Its activity was comparable to that of the controls against this organism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G C Ebi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Clemens M, Meise W, Himmel K, Jansen M. Synthese und Konformation von Hexahydro-isochino[1,2-b][3]benzazepinen. European J Org Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199719970225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
31
|
|