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Tao J, Wan C, Leng J, Dai S, Wu Y, Lei X, Wang J, Yang Q, Wang P, Gao J. Effects of biochar coupled with chemical and organic fertilizer application on physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) starch. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125591. [PMID: 37385316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Common buckwheat starch, a functional ingredient, has wide food and non-food applications. Excessive chemical fertilizer application during grain cultivation decreases quality. This study examined the effects of different combinations of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and biochar treatment on the physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of starch. The amendment of both organic fertilizer and biochar was observed to have a greater impact on the physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of common buckwheat starch in comparison to organic fertilizer amendment solely. The combined application of biochar, chemical, and organic nitrogen in an 80:10:10 ratio significantly increased the amylose content, light transmittance, solubility, resistant starch content, and swelling power of the starch. Simultaneously, the application reduced the proportion of amylopectin short chains. Additionally, this combination decreased the size of starch granules, weight-average molecular weight, polydispersity index, relative crystallinity, pasting temperature, and gelatinization enthalpy of the starch compared to the utilization of chemical fertilizer alone. The correlation between physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility was analyzed. Four principal components were obtained, which accounted for 81.18 % of the total variance. These findings indicated that the combined application of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and biochar would improve common buckwheat grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincai Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenxi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiajun Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuangrong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinhui Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiale Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qinghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Peña D, Martín C, Fernández-Rodríguez D, Terrón-Sánchez J, Vicente LA, Albarrán Á, Rato-Nunes JM, López-Piñeiro A. Medium-Term Effects of Sprinkler Irrigation Combined with a Single Compost Application on Water and Rice Productivity and Food Safety. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:456. [PMID: 36771555 PMCID: PMC9919156 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) management (tillage and flooding) is unsustainable due to soil degradation and the large amount of irrigation water used, an issue which is exacerbated in the Mediterranean region. Therefore, there is a need to explore rice management strategies in order to improve water-use efficiency and ensure its sustainability. Thus, field experiments were conducted to determine the medium-term effects of different irrigation and tillage methods combined with a single compost application on water and rice productivity, as well as food safety in a semiarid Mediterranean region. The management systems evaluated were: sprinkler irrigation in combination with no-tillage (SNT), sprinkler irrigation in combination with conventional tillage (ST), which were implemented in 2015, and flooding irrigation in combination with conventional tillage (FT), and their homologues (SNT-C, ST-C, and FT-C) with single compost application in 2015. In reference to rice grain yield, the highest values were observed under ST treatment with 10 307 and 11 625 kg ha-1 in 2018 and 2019 respectively; whereas between FT and SNT there were no significant differences, with 8 140 kg ha-1 as mean value through the study. Nevertheless, sprinkler irrigation allowed saving 55% of the total amount of water applied in reference to flooding irrigation. Furthermore, the highest arsenic concentration in grains was found under FT but it decreased with compost application (FT-C) and especially with sprinkler irrigation, regardless of tillage management systems. However, sprinkler irrigation favors the cadmium uptake by plants, although this process was reduced under SNT in reference to ST, and especially under amended compost treatments. Therefore, our results suggested that a combination of sprinkler irrigation and compost application, regardless of the tillage system, could be an excellent strategy for rice management for the Mediterranean environment in terms of water and crop productivity as well as food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Peña
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias—IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra de Cáceres, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carmen Martín
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias—IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Damián Fernández-Rodríguez
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias—IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra de Cáceres, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jaime Terrón-Sánchez
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias—IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra de Cáceres, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Luis Andrés Vicente
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias—IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ángel Albarrán
- Área de Producción Vegetal, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias—IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Ctra de Cáceres, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Rato-Nunes
- Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Escola Superior Agraria de Elvas, 7350-092 Elvas, Portugal
| | - Antonio López-Piñeiro
- Área de Edafología y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias—IACYS, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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Xia D, Wang Y, Shi Q, Wu B, Yu X, Zhang C, Li Y, Fu P, Li M, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Gao G, Zhou H, He Y. Effects of Wx Genotype, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Temperature on Rice Grain Quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:901541. [PMID: 35937336 PMCID: PMC9355397 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.901541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quality is a complex trait that is not only the key determinant of the market value of the rice grain, but is also a major constraint in rice breeding. It is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. However, the combined effects of genotypes and environmental factors on rice grain quality remain unclear. In this study, we used a three-factor experimental design to examine the grain quality of different Wx genotypes grown under different nitrogen fertilization and temperature conditions during grain development. We found that the three factors contributed differently to taste, appearance, and nutritional quality. Increased Wx function and nitrogen fertilization significantly reduced eating quality, whereas high temperature (HT) had almost no effect. The main effects of temperature on appearance quality and moderate Wx function at low temperatures (LTs) contributed to better appearance, and higher nitrogen fertilization promoted appearance at HTs. With regard to nutritional quality, Wx alleles promoted amylose content (AC) as well as starch-lipids content (SLC); nitrogen fertilization increased storage protein content (PC); and higher temperature increased lipid content but decreased the PC. This study helps to broaden the understanding of the major factors that affect the quality of rice and provides constructive messages for rice quality improvement and the cultivation of high-quality rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yipei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingyun Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bian Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoman Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minqi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Xu Y, Guan X, Han Z, Zhou L, Zhang Y, Asad MAU, Wang Z, Jin R, Pan G, Cheng F. Combined Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and High Temperature on Grain Quality Properties of Cooked Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:874033. [PMID: 35519803 PMCID: PMC9062220 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.874033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ambient temperature and nitrogen (N) fertilizer are two of the most important factors that affect rice grain quality. However, less information has been available on the interactive effect of N fertilizer and ambient temperature on grain quality under stressful high temperature (HT). In this article, the effects of panicle N fertilizer, ambient temperature, and their interaction on starch composition, particle size distribution of starch granules, starch physicochemical properties, and storage protein accumulation in milled grains were investigated to clarify the potential role of panicle N fertilizer topdressing in regulating rice grain quality under stressful HT by using a two-factor experiment of three N levels in combination with two temperature regimes. Results showed that appropriate application of panicle N fertilizer could attenuate the adverse effect of HT during grain filling on milling quality and chalky occurrence to some extent, particularly for the effective alleviation of HT-induced decrease in milling quality. However, the topdressing of panicle N fertilizer tended to enhance starch gelatinization enthalpy (ΔH) and its setback viscosity in HT-ripening grains, with the simultaneous decrements in the number and surface area proportions of smaller starch granules under the higher N fertilizer in combination with HT exposure. The effects of higher nitrogen fertilizer and HT exposure on total protein content and gluten composition of grains were additively increased. Hence, the topdressing of panicle N fertilizer exacerbated HT-induced deterioration in cooking and eating quality, rather than alleviating the negative impact of HT exposure on the palatability of cooked rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Xu
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianyue Guan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhanyu Han
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lujian Zhou
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad A. U. Asad
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaowen Wang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Pan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangmin Cheng
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Wang L, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Duan Y, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Yu X, Chen G, Xiong F. Agronomic Traits and Physicochemical Properties of Starch of Different Grain Positions in Wheat Spike Under Nitrogen Treatment. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
| | - Zhisheng Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
| | - Yuren Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
| | - Yunfei Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
| | - Xurun Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
| | - Gang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri‐Product Safety/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China
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