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Wang H, Gan X, Tang Y. Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Cadmium (Cd)-Induced Malignancy. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04189-2. [PMID: 38683269 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The environmental pollution of cadmium is worsening, and its significant carcinogenic effects on humans have been confirmed. Cadmium can induce cancer through various signaling pathways, including the ERK/JNK/p38MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, and Wnt. It can also cause cancer by directly damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA repair systems, or through epigenetic mechanisms such as abnormal DNA methylation, LncRNA, and microRNA. However, the detailed mechanisms of Cd-induced cancer are still not fully understood and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xuehui Gan
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Li X, Zhou L, Zhang C, Li D, Wang Z, Sun D, Liao C, Zhang Q. Spatial distribution and risk assessment of fluorine and cadmium in rice, corn, and wheat grains in most karst regions of Guizhou province, China. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1014147. [PMID: 36337645 PMCID: PMC9626765 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1014147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pollution status of crops planted in Guizhou province of Southwestern China with high background values of Fluorine (F) and Cadmium (Cd) has attracted people’s concern. The present study aimed to investigate the spatial distributions of F and Cd in rice, corn and wheat grains, and further evaluate their health risks to residents in Guizhou province. The contents of F and Cd were measured by fluoride ion-selective electrode and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) methods, respectively. Additionally, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) technique was conducted to analyze spatial distribution, and the health risk was estimated by target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazardous index (HI). The results indicate that Cd contents in samples varied from 0.000 to 0.463 for rice, 0.000 to 0.307 for corn, and 0.012 to 0.537 (mg/kg) for wheat, while F contents ranged from 0.825 to 5.193 (rice), 0.946 to 8.485 (corn), and 0.271 to 9.143 (wheat) mg/kg. The Cd exceeding ratios were 11.600% for rice, 13.500% for corn, and 45.100% for wheat grains, respectively. In terms of spatial distribution, high levels of F and Cd in rice were found in the northern and central in Guizhou, while Cd in corn was distributed in the eastern and F in corn were distributed in the west area of Guizhou. Moreover, the high levels of F and Cd in wheat were distributed in the western and eastern areas. The mean carcinogenic risks (R) of Cd in rice, corn, and wheat in children were 4.150 × 10–4, 1.670 × 10–4 and 3.470 × 10–4, respectively, and that in adults were 3.430 × 10–4, 0.471 × 10–4, and 2.190 × 10–4, respectively. The HI for adults in rice, corn and wheat grains were 0.756, 0.154, and 0.514, respectively, and that for children were 0.913, 0.549, and 0.814, respectively. Collectively, the potential risks produced by F and Cd to the local residents should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Luoxiong Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dasuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zelan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dali Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chaoxuan Liao
- Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China
| | - Qinghai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Qinghai Zhang,
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Nogueira TAR, Muraoka T, Silveira LK, da Silva JS, Abreu-Junior CH, Lavres J, Martinelli AP, Teixeira Filho MCM, He Z, Jani AD, Ganga A, Capra GF. Comparing soil-to-plant cadmium (Cd) transfer and potential human intake among rice cultivars with different Cd tolerance levels grown in a tropical contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 194:20. [PMID: 34890002 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09655-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
With its accumulation in upland rice, cadmium (Cd) can easily enter the human food chain, which poses a global health threat considering nearly half of the human population depends on rice as a staple food source. A study was conducted to (1) evaluate Cd accumulation by rice cultivars, grown in Cd-polluted Tropical Oxisols, with different levels of Cd tolerance; (2) quantify Cd transfer from soil to rice shoots and grain; and (3) estimate daily Cd intake by humans. Three rice cultivars, characterized by low (Cateto Seda-CS), medium (BRSMG Talento-BT), and high (BRSMG Caravera-BC) Cd uptake capacity, were investigated. Rice cultivars were exposed to increasing soil Cd concentrations (0.0, 0.7, 1.3, 3.9, 7.8, and 11.7 mg kg-1). Analysis was performed on soil, shoots, and grain. Shoot biomass and grain yield decreased with increasing Cd supply, suggesting the following Cd tolerance: CS > BT > BC. Cadmium concentrations in shoots and grain increased when exposed to Cd. Only CS did not exceed the maximum Cd limit permitted in food (0.40 mg kg-1), when rates up to 1.3 mg kg-1 of Cd were applied to soil. Considering daily rice consumption levels in Brazil, Cd intake often exceeds maximum tolerable levels. Continuous monitoring of soil Cd concentrations is a pivotal step in avoiding hazards to humans. Such monitoring is important on a global scale since outside of Asia, Brazil is the leading rice-producing and rice-consuming country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira
- Department of Plant Protection, Rural Engineering, and Soils, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University, SP, 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, Brazil. .,School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil.
| | - Takashi Muraoka
- Centre of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Laís Karina Silveira
- Centre of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Lavres
- Centre of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Zhenli He
- Indian River Research and Education Centre, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945-3138, USA
| | - Arun Dilipkumar Jani
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, California State University, Monterey Bay, Seaside, CA, 93933, USA
| | - Antonio Ganga
- Dipartimento Di Architettura, Design E Urbanistica, Università Degli Studi Di Sassari, 07100, Polo Bionaturalistico, Italy
| | - Gian Franco Capra
- Dipartimento Di Architettura, Design E Urbanistica, Università Degli Studi Di Sassari, 07100, Polo Bionaturalistico, Italy.,Desertification Research Centre, Università Degli Studi Di Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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