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Suzauddula M, Kobayashi K, Park S, Sun XS, Wang W. Bioengineered Anthocyanin-Enriched Tomatoes: A Novel Approach to Colorectal Cancer Prevention. Foods 2024; 13:2991. [PMID: 39335919 PMCID: PMC11430996 DOI: 10.3390/foods13182991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, with barriers to effective prevention and treatment including tumor recurrence, chemoresistance, and limited overall survival rates. Anthocyanins, known for their strong anti-cancer properties, have shown promise in preventing and suppressing various cancers, including CRC. However, natural sources of anthocyanins often fail to provide sufficient quantities needed for therapeutic effects. Bioengineered crops, particularly anthocyanin-enriched tomatoes, offer a viable solution to enhance anthocyanin content. Given its large-scale production and consumption, tomatoes present an ideal target for bioengineering efforts aimed at increasing dietary anthocyanin intake. This review provides an overview of anthocyanins and their health benefits, elucidating the mechanisms by which anthocyanins modulate the transcription factors involved in CRC development. It also examines case studies demonstrating the successful bioengineering of tomatoes to boost anthocyanin levels. Furthermore, the review discusses the effects of anthocyanin extracts from bioengineered tomatoes on CRC prevention, highlighting their role in altering metabolic pathways and reducing tumor-related inflammation. Finally, this review addresses the challenges associated with bioengineering tomatoes and proposes future research directions to optimize anthocyanin enrichment in tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Suzauddula
- Department of Food Nutrition Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (M.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Kaori Kobayashi
- Department of Food Nutrition Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (M.S.); (K.K.)
| | - Sunghun Park
- Department of Horticulture and Nature Resources, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Xiuzhi Susan Sun
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Weiqun Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition Dietetics and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; (M.S.); (K.K.)
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Osamede Airouyuwa J, Sivapragasam N, Ali Redha A, Maqsood S. Sustainable green extraction of anthocyanins and carotenoids using deep eutectic solvents (DES): A review of recent developments. Food Chem 2024; 448:139061. [PMID: 38537550 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DES) have been extensively researched as a more biocompatible and efficient alternative to conventional solvents for extracting pigments from natural resources. The efficiency of DES extraction for the anthocyanin and carotenoid can be enhanced by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and/or ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) techniques. Apart from the extraction efficiency, the toxicity and recovery of the pigments and their bioavailability are crucial for potential applications. A plethora of studies have explored the extraction efficiency, toxicity, and recovery of pigments from various natural plant-based matrices using DES. Nevertheless, a detailed review of the deep eutectic solvent extraction of natural pigments has not been reported to date. Additionally, the toxicity, safety, and bioavailability of the extracted pigments, and their potential applications are not thoroughly documented. Therefore, this review is designed to understand the aforementioned concepts in using DES for anthocyanin and carotenoid extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Osamede Airouyuwa
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nilushni Sivapragasam
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Ali Redha
- The Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sajid Maqsood
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; Energy and Water Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates.
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He M, Wang Y, Zhang L, Mao L, Zhu L, Zheng Y, Liu X, Wu C. Optimizing Analysis Methods: Rapid and Accurate Determination of Cuaminosulfate Residues with LC-MS/MS Based on Box-Behnken Design Study. Molecules 2024; 29:794. [PMID: 38398546 PMCID: PMC10892704 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In view of the defects in the previous detection of cuaminosulfate, which only focused on the analysis of copper ions, there is currently no analysis method available to determine the actual state of cuaminosulfate as chelated or bound. In order to investigate the dissipation and terminal residues in soil and watermelon of cuaminosulfate for food safety and environmental risk, a highly effective technique was developed to detect cuaminosulfate residues in watermelon and soil, and field experiments were conducted in China. After single-factor experiments, residual cuaminosulfate in samples was extracted by pure water, purified using a liquid-liquid approach combined with a dispersive solid-phase extraction, and detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The Box-Behnken design (BBD) study was used to find the optimal solutions for the time of liquid-liquid purification, the amount of extraction solvent, and the amounts of cleanup sorbents for the analytical method. The average recovery of the method was in the range of 80.0% to 101.1%, the average relative standard deviation (RSD) was 5.3-9.9%, and the detection limit was lower than 0.05 mg/kg. The BBD study not only improved the extraction rate of the method, but also saved time and was operated easily. The final residues of cuaminosulfate in watermelon at different sampling intervals were all lower than 0.05 mg/kg under field conditions. The cuaminosulfate in soils dissipated following exponential kinetics, with half-life values in the range of 9.39 to 12.58 days, which varied by different locations. Based on the validated method, food safety residues and soil residues can be determined rapidly and accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan He
- Guangxi SPR Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning 530000, China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liangang Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lizhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chi Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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