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Qiao J, Zhang Y, Haubruge E, Wang K, El-Seedi HR, Dong J, Xu X, Zhang H. New insights into bee pollen: Nutrients, phytochemicals, functions and wall-disruption. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113934. [PMID: 38309905 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Bee pollen is hailed as a treasure trove of human nutrition and has progressively emerged as the source of functional food and medicine. This review conducts a compilation of nutrients and phytochemicals in bee pollen, with particular emphasis on some ubiquitous and unique phenolamides and flavonoid glycosides. Additionally, it provides a concise overview of the diverse health benefits and therapeutic properties of bee pollen, particularly anti-prostatitis and anti-tyrosinase effects. Furthermore, based on the distinctive structural characteristics of pollen walls, a substantial debate has persisted in the past concerning the necessity of wall-disruption. This review provides a comprehensive survey on the necessity of wall-disruption, the impact of wall-disruption on the release and digestion of nutrients, and wall-disruption techniques in industrial production. Wall-disruption appears effective in releasing and digesting nutrients and exploiting bee pollen's bioactivities. Finally, the review underscores the need for future studies to elucidate the mechanisms of beneficial effects. This paper will likely help us gain better insight into bee pollen to develop further functional foods, personalized nutraceuticals, cosmetics products, and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Terra Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Eric Haubruge
- Terra Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; Terra Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Bee Products for Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Hongcheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bee Products for Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China.
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