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Nikbakhtzade M, Zarghi H, Golian A. Effects of finisher diet nutrients density and slaughter age on energy and protein efficiency, productive and economic performance and meat quality of broilers. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1493. [PMID: 38923740 PMCID: PMC11196377 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current broilers have been greatly optimized for weight gain and breast yield, which necessitates the provision of nutrients-dense diets for maximum potential. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of finisher diet nutrients density (ND) on energy and protein efficiency, productive and economic performance and breast meat quality of broilers raised until different slaughter age. METHODS A total of 600 23-day-old broiler male chicks (Cobb-500) were assigned to 10 treatments with six replicates and 10 birds each. Experimental treatments were included factorial arrangement of five increment (2.5%) levels of finisher diet ND (92.5%, 95%, 97.5%, 100% and 102.5% as strain recommendation) and slaughtered at 38 or 46 days of age. The relative difference in the energy level of experimental diets was used to increase ND levels at the same ratio. RESULTS Feed intake (FI) and breast meat quality traits exception water holding capacity (WHC) were not affected by finisher diet ND. In response to increasing finisher diet ND, energy and protein efficiency, productive traits, bio-economic index (BEI) and breast relative weight (BRW) linearly improved. However, residual feed intake and breast meat WHC improved with a quadratic trend. By using broken-line regression analysis, the optimum dietary ND was obtained at 97.5%-102% of strain recommendation. Energy and protein efficiency, feed conversion ratio and BEI deteriorated by prolonging rearing period. The BRW, meat lightness (L*), redness (a*), hue angle (h*) and WHC values for the birds slaughtered at 46 days of age were significantly higher, and cooking loss was lower than those slaughtered at 38 days old. CONCLUSIONS Broilers during the finisher period are not able to regulate their FIs with diet ND. The energy and protein efficiency, productive and economic performance were reduced when broilers were fed diluted diet or the rearing period was prolonged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdie Nikbakhtzade
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Heydar Zarghi
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
| | - Abolghasem Golian
- Department of Animal ScienceFaculty of AgricultureFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
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Calcium supplementation in low nutrient density diet for meat ducks improves breast meat tenderness associated with myocyte apoptosis and proteolytic changes. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 9:49-59. [PMID: 35949985 PMCID: PMC9344325 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Attia GA, Metwally AE, Beheiry RR, Farahat MH. Effect of a multicarbohydrase supplementation to diets varying in metabolisable energy level on the performance, carcase traits, caecal microbiota, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1875337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer A. Attia
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Abdallah E. Metwally
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rasha R. Beheiry
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud H. Farahat
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Zhan T, Han Y, Tang C, Zhao Q, Sun D, Li Y, Jia X, Zhou L, Zhang J. Metabolism and biological activity of α-tocopherol derived from vitamin E-enriched transgenic maize in broilers. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:4319-4328. [PMID: 32388868 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolism of α-tocopherol derived from vitamin E-enriched transgenic maize (VER) and its effects on antioxidant and immune functions in broilers aged 1-42 days. A total of 360 1-day-old male broilers were randomly divided into three groups containing six replicates with 20 broilers per replicate. The negative control (NC) group and the positive control (PC) group were given non-GM maize and non-GM maize plus exogenous vitamin E (VE), respectively, and the VER group was given VER, replacing the non-GM maize given to the NC group. Between days 1 and 21 and days 22 and 42, VE levels were 4.38 and 4.63 mg kg-1 in the NC group, and 14.11 and 14.91 mg kg-1 in the PC and VER group, respectively. RESULTS The results showed that α-tocopherol from both VER and additives increased α-tocopherol transfer protein and cytochrome P450 concentrations. Serum α-tocopherol and α-tocopherylquinone levels of broilers in the PC and VER groups were also significantly higher than those in the NC group (P < 0.05). Compared with the NC group, broilers in both groups that received α-tocopherol had reduced NF-κB p65 concentrations, significantly decreased serum prostaglandin E2 , interleukin-6, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levels (P < 0.05), and significantly increased glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In summary, both VER and non-GM maize fortified with exogenous VE showed similar effects on broilers, indicating that the α-tocopherol in VER has sufficient biological activity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunsheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueting Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Macalintal L, Pescatore A, Ao T, Ford M, Dawson K. Organic minerals restore the acid-base and electrolyte balance in broiler chicks with nutritionally induced metabolic acidosis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL NUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/jaan2020.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the blood gas and electrolyte balance in broiler chicks fed with diets containing different levels of vitamin premix (VM) and forms of trace minerals. VM was included at 30 or 100% of commercial levels. Trace minerals were provided as either inorganic (IOM) or organic trace minerals (OTM). This experiment, which used one-day-old male broiler chicks, featured a factorial treatment structure with four treatments using 12 replicate pens (22 chicks/pen), each arranged in a randomised complete block design. An i-STAT® handheld, point-of-care, clinical analyser, loaded with blood gas, lactate and electrolyte cartridges, was used to analyse blood samples. Significant interactions for vitamin levels and mineral form were observed for bicarbonate, base excess, total carbon dioxide, ionised calcium and haematocrit levels. Using OTM, but not IOM, in the premix resulted in blood gas and electrolyte values that were comparable to those in 100% VM-fed group. The consumption of 30% VM reduced pO2 (P<0.01), sO2 (P<0.01), pH (P=0.05) and K+ with concomitant increases in lactate, glucose and Na+ (P<0.03). However, OTM tended to reverse the Na+ effect (P=0.05) along with higher partial CO2 (P<0.05). These results demonstrated the negative effects of a 30% VM diet on blood gas and electrolyte balance, which triggered nutritionally induced metabolic acidosis. However, metabolic acidosis induced by underfeeding VM (30%) was restored or normalised by using OTM, but not IOM, in the vitamin-mineral premix.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.M. Macalintal
- Alltech-University of Kentucky Nutrition Research Alliance, 609 WP Garrigus Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - A.J. Pescatore
- Alltech-University of Kentucky Nutrition Research Alliance, 906 WP Garrigus Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - T. Ao
- Alltech-University of Kentucky Nutrition Research Alliance, 3031 Catnip Hill Rd, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA
| | - M.J. Ford
- Alltech-University of Kentucky Nutrition Research Alliance, 600 WP Garrigus Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - K.A. Dawson
- Alltech-University of Kentucky Nutrition Research Alliance, 3031 Catnip Hill Rd, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA
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Zhang H, Liao H, Zeng Q, Wang J, Ding X, Bai S, Zhang K. Effects of commercial premix vitamin level on sternum growth, calcification and carcass traits in meat duck. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 103:53-63. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Hang Liao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Shiping Bai
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu China
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Kim SJ, Lee KW, Kang CW, An BK. Growth Performance, Relative Meat and Organ Weights, Cecal Microflora, and Blood Characteristics in Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Different Nutrient Density with or without Essential Oils. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 29:549-54. [PMID: 26949956 PMCID: PMC4782090 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate whether dietary essential oils could affect growth performance, relative organ weights, cecal microflora, immune responses and blood profiles of broiler chickens fed on diets containing different nutrient densities. A total of eight hundred-forty 1-d-old male broiler chicks were randomly allotted into twenty-eight pens (7 pens per treatment, 30 chicks per pen). There were four experimental diets containing two different nutrient densities and supplemented with or without essential oils. Experimental period lasted for 35 days. No clear interaction between nutrient density and essential oils on any of growth performance-related parameters was observed. Live body weights were affected (p<0.05) by nutrient density at 21 days and by dietary essential oils at 35 days. Essential oils significantly (p<0.05) increased daily body weight gain and feed conversion ratio during the periods of 22 to 35 and 1 to 35 days, but failed to affect feed intake during the entire experimental period. Daily weight gain at 1 to 21 days and feed intake at 1 to 21 and 1 to 35 days were significantly impaired (p<0.05) by nutrient density. There were significant treatment interactions (p<0.05) on relative weights of bursa of Fabricius and abdominal fat contents. Finally, either essential oil or nutrient density did not influence the relative percentages of breast and leg meats, the population of cecal microflora, blood parameters and antibody titers against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis in broiler chickens. It was concluded that dietary essential oils, independent to nutrient density, failed to stimulate feed intake, but increased growth performance in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea ; Yuhan Corp, Seoul 06927, Korea
| | - Kyung-Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Chang-Won Kang
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Byoung-Ki An
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Mirshekar R, Boldaji F, Dastar B, Yamchi A, Pashaei S. Longer consumption of flaxseed oil enhances n-3 fatty acid content of chicken meat and expression of FADS2 gene. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mirshekar
- Faculty of Animal Science; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
| | - Fathollah Boldaji
- Faculty of Animal Science; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
| | - Behrouz Dastar
- Faculty of Animal Science; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
| | - Ahad Yamchi
- Faculty of Plant Production; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
| | - Somayeh Pashaei
- Faculty of Animal Science; Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources; Gorgan Golestan Iran
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