1
|
Cai H, Li X, Li D, Liu W, Han Y, Xu X, Yang P, Meng K. Optimization of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Production by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum FRT7 from Chinese Paocai. Foods 2023; 12:3034. [PMID: 37628033 PMCID: PMC10453537 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a widely available non-protein amino acid whose physiological importance goes beyond its role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammals. The GABA synthesis ability of ten strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was screened. They produced GABA ranging from 48.19 ± 3.44 to 100.75 ± 1.63 mg/L at 24 h-cultivation. Among them, Lp. plantarum FRT7 showed the highest GABA production. Therefore, FRT7 was chosen for GABA yield optimization. A one-factor-at-a-time strategy analysis of the GABA yield of FRT7 was performed, including the culture temperature, incubation time, inoculum volume, initial pH, the initial amount of monosodium glutamate (MSG), and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) concentration, based on which the response surface methodology (RSM) was performed. After being cultured in an MRS culture medium supplemented with 3% MSG and 2 mmol/L of PLP at 40 °C with an initial pH of 7.0 for 48 h, the GABA reached a maximum yield of 1158.6 ± 21.22 mg/L. The results showed the experimental value of the GABA yield was in good agreement with the predicted values. Furthermore, the results from the RSM also indicated that the initial MSG addition, PLP concentration, and incubation time were significant variables. These results suggest that Lp. plantarum FRT7 has the potential to be a health-beneficial probiotic with commercial capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Cai
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.C.); (X.L.); (D.L.); (W.L.); (Y.H.); (X.X.); (P.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.C.); (X.L.); (D.L.); (W.L.); (Y.H.); (X.X.); (P.Y.)
| | - Daojie Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.C.); (X.L.); (D.L.); (W.L.); (Y.H.); (X.X.); (P.Y.)
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.C.); (X.L.); (D.L.); (W.L.); (Y.H.); (X.X.); (P.Y.)
| | - Yunsheng Han
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.C.); (X.L.); (D.L.); (W.L.); (Y.H.); (X.X.); (P.Y.)
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.C.); (X.L.); (D.L.); (W.L.); (Y.H.); (X.X.); (P.Y.)
| | - Peilong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.C.); (X.L.); (D.L.); (W.L.); (Y.H.); (X.X.); (P.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kun Meng
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.C.); (X.L.); (D.L.); (W.L.); (Y.H.); (X.X.); (P.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng L, Lu X, Yang S, Zou Y, Zeng F, Xiong S, Cao Y, Zhou W. The anti-inflammatory activity of GABA-enriched Moringa oleifera leaves produced by fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum LK-1. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1093036. [PMID: 36969807 PMCID: PMC10034114 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1093036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), one of the main active components in Moringa oleifera leaves, can be widely used to treat multiple diseases including inflammation.MethodsIn this study, the anti-inflammatory activity and the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanism of the GABA-enriched Moringa oleifera leaves fermentation broth (MLFB) were investigated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells model. The key active components changes like total flavonoids, total polyphenols and organic acid in the fermentation broth after fermentation was also analyzed.ResultsELISA, RT-qPCR and Western blot results indicated that MLFB could dose-dependently inhibit the secretions and intracellular expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like 1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, MLFB also suppressed the expressions of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Moreover, the mRNA expressions of the key molecules like Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in the NF-κB signaling pathway were also restrained by MLFB in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, the key active components analysis result showed that the GABA, total polyphenols, and most organic acids like pyruvic acid, lactic acid as well as acetic acid were increased obviously after fermentation. The total flavonoids content in MLFB was still remained to be 32 mg/L though a downtrend was presented after fermentation.DiscussionOur results indicated that the MLFB could effectively alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory response by inhibiting the secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and its underlying mechanism might be associated with the inhibition of TLR-4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway activation. The anti-inflammatory activity of MLFB might related to the relative high contents of GABA as well as other active constituents such as flavonoids, phenolics and organic acids in MLFB. Our study provides the theoretical basis for applying GABA-enriched Moringa oleifera leaves as a functional food ingredient in the precaution and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
3
|
Rastogi S, Singh A. Gut microbiome and human health: Exploring how the probiotic genus Lactobacillus modulate immune responses. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1042189. [PMID: 36353491 PMCID: PMC9638459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1042189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The highest density of microbes resides in human gastrointestinal tract, known as “Gut microbiome”. Of note, the members of the genus Lactobacillus that belong to phyla Firmicutes are the most important probiotic bacteria of the gut microbiome. These gut-residing Lactobacillus species not only communicate with each other but also with the gut epithelial lining to balance the gut barrier integrity, mucosal barrier defence and ameliorate the host immune responses. The human body suffers from several inflammatory diseases affecting the gut, lungs, heart, bone or neural tissues. Mounting evidence supports the significant role of Lactobacillus spp. and their components (such as metabolites, peptidoglycans, and/or surface proteins) in modulatingimmune responses, primarily through exchange of immunological signals between gastrointestinal tract and distant organs. This bidirectional crosstalk which is mediated by Lactobacillus spp. promotes anti-inflammatory response, thereby supporting the improvement of symptoms pertaining to asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neuroinflammatory diseases (such as multiple sclerosis, alzheimer’s disease, parkinson’s disease), cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and chronic infections in patients. The metabolic disorders, obesity and diabetes are characterized by a low-grade inflammation. Genus Lactobacillus alleviates metabolic disorders by regulating the oxidative stress response and inflammatory pathways. Osteoporosis is also associated with bone inflammation and resorption. The Lactobacillus spp. and their metabolites act as powerful immune cell controllers and exhibit a regulatory role in bone resorption and formation, supporting bone health. Thus, this review demonstrated the mechanisms and summarized the evidence of the benefit of Lactobacillus spp. in alleviating inflammatory diseases pertaining to different organs from animal and clinical trials. The present narrative review explores in detail the complex interactions between the gut-dwelling Lactobacillus spp. and the immune components in distant organs to promote host’s health.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zeng J, Sheng F, Hu X, Huang Z, Tian X, Wu Z. Nutrition promotion of brewer's spent grain by symbiotic fermentation adding Bacillus velezensis and Levilactobacillus brevis. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
5
|
Zhao X, Zhong X, Liu X, Wang X, Gao X. Therapeutic and Improving Function of Lactobacilli in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular-Related Diseases: A Novel Perspective From Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2021; 8:693412. [PMID: 34164427 PMCID: PMC8215129 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.693412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of cardiovascular-related diseases are associated with structural and functional changes in gut microbiota (GM). The accumulation of beneficial gut commensals contributes to the improvement of cardiovascular-related diseases. The cardiovascular-related diseases that can be relieved by Lactobacillus supplementation, including hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity, have expanded. As probiotics, lactobacilli occupy a substantial part of the GM and play important functional roles through various GM-derived metabolites. Lactobacilli ultimately have a beneficial impact on lipid metabolism, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress to relieve the symptoms of cardiovascular-related diseases. However, the axis and cellular process of gut commensal Lactobacillus in improving cardiovascular-related diseases have not been fully elucidated. Additionally, Lactobacillus strains produce diverse antimicrobial peptides, which help maintain intestinal homeostasis and ameliorate cardiovascular-related diseases. These strains are a field that needs to be further investigated immediately. Thus, this review demonstrated the mechanisms and summarized the evidence of the benefit of Lactobacillus strain supplementation from animal studies and human clinical trials. We also highlighted a broad range of lactobacilli candidates with therapeutic capability by mining their metabolites. Our study provides instruction in the development of lactobacilli as a functional food to improve cardiovascular-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinqin Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cataldo PG, Villena J, Elean M, Savoy de Giori G, Saavedra L, Hebert EM. Immunomodulatory Properties of a γ-Aminobutyric Acid-Enriched Strawberry Juice Produced by Levilactobacillus brevis CRL 2013. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:610016. [PMID: 33391235 PMCID: PMC7773669 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.610016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays a key role in mammals as the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system. Although GABA may not be able to cross the human blood-brain barrier, it was approved as a food ingredient because of its benefits to the host after oral administration including anti-hypertensive, anti-depressant and anti-inflammatory activities. Considering the current trend toward the development of new functional and natural products and that microbial fermentation is one of the most promising methods to produce this non-protein amino acid, the in situ production of GABA through fermentation of strawberry and blueberry juices by the efficient GABA producer strain, Levilactobacillus brevis (formerly known as Lactobacillus brevis) CRL 2013, was evaluated. A high GABA production (262 mM GABA) was obtained after fermenting strawberry juice supplemented with yeast extract for 168 h, being GABA yield significantly higher in strawberry juices than in the blueberry ones. Thus, GABA-enriched fermented strawberry juice (FSJ) was selected to carry out in vivo and in vitro studies. The in vitro functional analysis of the GABA-enriched FSJ demonstrated its ability to significantly decrease the expression of cox-2 gene in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, in vivo studies in mice demonstrated that both, L. brevis CRL 2013 and the GABA-enriched FSJ were capable of reducing the levels of peritoneal, intestinal and serum TNF-α, IL-6, and CXCL1, and increasing IL-10 and IFN-γ in mice exposed to an intraperitoneal challenge of LPS. Of note, the GABA-enriched FSJ was more efficient than the CRL 2013 strain to reduce the pro-inflammatory factors and enhance IL-10 production. These results indicated that the CRL 2013 strain exerts anti-inflammatory effects in the context of LPS stimulation and that this effect is potentiated by fermentation. Our results support the potential use of L. brevis CRL 2013 as an immunomodulatory starter culture and strawberry juice as a remarkable vegetable matrix for the manufacture of GABA-enriched fermented functional foods capable of differentially modulating the inflammatory response triggered by TLR4 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo G Cataldo
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Julio Villena
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mariano Elean
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | - Lucila Saavedra
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Elvira M Hebert
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cataldo PG, Villegas JM, Savoy de Giori G, Saavedra L, Hebert EM. Enhancement of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production by Lactobacillus brevis CRL 2013 based on carbohydrate fermentation. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 333:108792. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
8
|
Li S, Sun Y, Hu X, Qin W, Li C, Liu Y, Liu A, Zhao Y, Wu D, Lin D, Zhang Q, Chen D, Chen H. Effect of arabinoxylan on colonic bacterial metabolites and mucosal barrier in high-fat diet-induced rats. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:3052-3061. [PMID: 31572598 PMCID: PMC6766541 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of arabinoxylan on colonic mucosal barrier and metabolomic profiles in high-fat diet-induced rats. A total of 20 six-week-old male rats were arranged randomly to two groups (n = 10/group), including a high-fat diet (HFD) group and a high-fat supplemented with arabinoxylan diet (AXD) group. Results showed that feeding AXD reduced serum lipopolysaccharide in rats after 5 weeks. In colonic digesta, Escherichia coli population was reduced, while Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroidetes populations were increased in AXD group. Metabolomics assay found that the different abundances of 84 metabolites were observed, involving lipid, carbohydrate, and nitrogenous metabolism in colonic digesta. In colonic mucosa, AXD up-regulated gene level of tight-junction-related proteins. Meanwhile, lower TNF-α and IL-1β levels were related to TLR4/NF-κB/MyD88 pathway in AXD group. In conclusion, arabinoxylan could change colonic microbial metabolism and improve the colonic mucosal barrier via modulating intestinal microflora and tight junction proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Yanan Sun
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Xinxin Hu
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Cheng Li
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Yuntao Liu
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Aiping Liu
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Dingtao Wu
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Derong Lin
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal NutritionSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food ScienceSichuan Agricultural UniversityYaanSichuanChina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kaunda JS, Zhang YJ. The Genus Solanum: An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Biological Properties Review. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2019; 9:77-137. [PMID: 30868423 PMCID: PMC6426945 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-019-0201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, the genus Solanum has received considerable attention in chemical and biological studies. Solanum is the largest genus in the family Solanaceae, comprising of about 2000 species distributed in the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa, Australia, and parts of Asia, e.g., China, India and Japan. Many of them are economically significant species. Previous phytochemical investigations on Solanum species led to the identification of steroidal saponins, steroidal alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, lignans, sterols, phenolic comopunds, coumarins, amongst other compounds. Many species belonging to this genus present huge range of pharmacological activities such as cytotoxicity to different tumors as breast cancer (4T1 and EMT), colorectal cancer (HCT116, HT29, and SW480), and prostate cancer (DU145) cell lines. The biological activities have been attributed to a number of steroidal saponins, steroidal alkaloids and phenols. This review features 65 phytochemically studied species of Solanum between 1990 and 2018, fetched from SciFinder, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Wikipedia and Baidu, using "Solanum" and the species' names as search terms ("all fields").
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sakah Kaunda
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|