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Wang J, Hu X, Wu J, Lin X, Chen R, Lu C, Song X, Leng Q, Li Y, Kuang X, Li J, Yao L, Tang X, Ye J, Zhang G, Sun M, Zhou Y, Li H. ML241 Antagonizes ERK 1/2 Activation and Inhibits Rotavirus Proliferation. Viruses 2024; 16:623. [PMID: 38675964 PMCID: PMC11054276 DOI: 10.3390/v16040623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) is the main pathogen that causes severe diarrhea in infants and children under 5 years of age. No specific antiviral therapies or licensed anti-rotavirus drugs are available. It is crucial to develop effective and low-toxicity anti-rotavirus small-molecule drugs that act on novel host targets. In this study, a new anti-rotavirus compound was selected by ELISA, and cell activity was detected from 453 small-molecule compounds. The anti-RV effects and underlying mechanisms of the screened compounds were explored. In vitro experimental results showed that the small-molecule compound ML241 has a good effect on inhibiting rotavirus proliferation and has low cytotoxicity during the virus adsorption, cell entry, and replication stages. In addition to its in vitro effects, ML241 also exerted anti-RV effects in a suckling mouse model. Transcriptome sequencing was performed after adding ML241 to cells infected with RV. The results showed that ML241 inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the MAPK signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting IκBα, activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, and playing an anti-RV role. These results provide an experimental basis for specific anti-RV small-molecule compounds or compound combinations, which is beneficial for the development of anti-RV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming 650118, China; (J.W.); (X.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (X.K.); (J.L.); (L.Y.); (X.T.); (J.Y.); (G.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Hongjun Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming 650118, China; (J.W.); (X.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (R.C.); (C.L.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (X.K.); (J.L.); (L.Y.); (X.T.); (J.Y.); (G.Z.); (M.S.)
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Mohammadi Zonouz A, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. The molecular mechanisms of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) activity in signaling pathways: A comprehensive review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155352. [PMID: 38342017 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most unique plants that have ever grown on the planet is Ginkgo biloba L., a member of the Ginkgoaceae family with no close living relatives. The existence of several differently structured components of G. biloba has increased the chemical variety of herbal therapy. Numerous studies that investigated the biochemical characteristics of G. biloba suggest this plant as a potential treatment for many illnesses. PURPOSE Review the molecular mechanisms involved in the signaling pathways of G. biloba activity in varied circumstances and its potential as a novel treatment for various illnesses. METHODS Studies focusing on the molecular processes and signaling pathways of compounds and extracts of G. biloba were found and summarized using the proper keywords and operators from Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus without time restrictions. RESULTS G. biloba exerts its effects through its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antibacterial, pulmoprotective, renoprotective, anti-osteoporosis, anti-melanogenic, retinoprotective, otoprotective, adipogenic, and anti-adipogenic properties. The most important mechanisms involved in these actions are altering the elevation of ROS formation, inhibiting NADPH oxidases activation, altering the expression of antioxidant enzymes, downregulating MAPKs (p38 MAPK and ERK, and JNK) and AP-1, increasing cAMP, inactivating Stat5, activating the AMPK signaling pathway, affecting Stat3/JAK2, NF-κB, Nrf-2, mTOR, HGF/c-Met, Wnt/β-catenin and BMP signaling pathways, and changing the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, the release of Cyc from mitochondria to cytosol, the protein cleavage of caspases 3, 7, 8, 9, and 12, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and MMPs levels. CONCLUSIONS G. biloba and its components have gained attention in recent years for their therapeutic benefits, such as their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and apoptotic effects. By understanding their molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, potential novel medicines might be developed in response to the rising public desire for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Peng Y, Li Y, Pi Y, Yue X. Effects of almond (Armeniaca Sibirica L. Lam) polysaccharides on gut microbiota and anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130098. [PMID: 38342264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prebiotic properties of the almond polysaccharide AP-1 on intestinal microorganisms by using an in vitro fecal fermentation method and its anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that during the in vitro fermentation of AP-1, the pH value of the fermentation broth decreased obviously, while the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) increased significantly, especially acetic acid and butyric acid. In genus level, the number of Clostridium and Megamonas increased markedly in the AP-1 group after 24 h of fermentation. After 48 h of fermentation, there was a noticeable increase in the number of beneficial genera Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae, and a considerable decrease in the number of pro-inflammatory genera. In addition, we found that AP-1 had no toxic effect on RAW264.7 cells. In the LPS-induced inflammation model of RAW264.7 cells, AP-1 could effectively inhibit the release of NO, regulate the level of reactive oxides (ROS), and effectively down-regulate the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS. In conclusion, the almond polysaccharide AP-1 may be a functional active substance aimed at promoting intestinal health and exerting anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Peng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Yingshuo Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Yuzhen Pi
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China.
| | - Xiqing Yue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China.
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Pu X, Fu Y, Yang Y, Xu G. Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates CCl 4-induced acute liver injury by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26093. [PMID: 38390084 PMCID: PMC10881365 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is a global health problem associated with high mortality and has attracted clinical attention. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is an extract from dried Ginkgo leaves that has many pharmacological effects because of its various ingredients and has been shown to be hepatoprotective. We investigated the hepatoprotective effect of GBE on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in vitro. The components of Ginkgo biloba extract are analyzed by LC-MS, and the key targets of "liver injury-Ginkgo biloba" are identified based on bioinformatics analysis. The signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT are mainly enriched with high correlation in KEGG. The results of in vitro experiments showed that compared with the Model group, except that the ALT activity level and MDA content in EGB-L group were not significantly decreased (P > 0.05), the activity of ALT, AST and MDA content in other EGB groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the activities of SOD and CAT were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were also detected. The results showed that compared with the Model group, the contents of IL-6 in EGB-L group were not significantly decreased (P > 0.05), while the contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in other EGB groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), indicating that EGB could reduce the level of cell inflammation. Western blot assay detected the protein expression levels of GF, RTK, PI3K, AKT and p-AKT in cells. The results showed that compared with the Model group, the protein expression levels of GF, RTK, PI3K, AKT and P-AKT were significantly increased after EGB treatment (P < 0.05), and the protein expression level of the EGB-H group was higher than the EGB-L group. Ginkgo biloba extract can inhibit the expression of downstream related genes by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and at the same time alleviate the inflammatory response of cells, reduce the level of inflammation, and protect the cell damage caused by CCl4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Pu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Yujuan Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, 3999 Binjiang East Road, Jilin, Jilin, 132013, China
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Wang J, Tan J, Hu Q, Mao S, Chen H, Luo W, Feng X. Novel oxicam nonsteroidal compound XK01 attenuates inflammation by suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK pathway in RAW264.7 macrophages. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24004. [PMID: 38312593 PMCID: PMC10835217 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) show serious adverse effects during clinical use, which limits their usage. Oxicams (e.g., piroxicam, meloxicam) are widely used as NSAIDs. However, selectivity to cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 may cause cardiovascular problems considering the long-term use of the drugs. Therefore, it is important to develop new non-steroidal compounds as anti-inflammatory drugs. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of a newly developed nonsteroidal drug XK01. Our data showed that XK01 reduced the contents of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)and inhibited the transcription levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in a dose-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. XK01 showed no significant inhibitory effect on COX-1, but inhibited the expression of COX-2. At molecular level, XK01 prevented the translocation of p65 protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and inhibited the phosphorylation of p65, IκB, and MAPKs proteins. And high concentration of XK01 also inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK, p38 and ERK, showing stronger effect than that of meloxicam. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activity of XK01 was further validated in Xylene-induced mouse ear swelling model. Thus, this study verified that XK01 inhibits the expression of inflammatory mediators and COX-2, and exhibits potential anti-inflammatory effects via suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jiawang Tan
- The Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Qianmei Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Siyu Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Hongting Chen
- College of Letters & Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Weiyi Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xing Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, and Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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Xiong P, Zheng YY, Ouyang JM. Carboxylated Pocoa polysaccharides inhibited oxidative damage and inflammation of HK-2 cells induced by calcium oxalate nanoparticles. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115865. [PMID: 37972469 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of Chinese medicine Pocoa (PCPs) with different carboxyl group (-COOH) contents on oxidative damage and inflammatory response of renal epithelial cells and the influence of -COOH content in polysaccharides were investigated. HK-2 cell damage model was established by nanocalcium oxalate crystals (nanoCOM), and then PCPs with -COOH contents of 2.56% (PCP0), 7.48% (PCP1), 12.07% (PCP2), and 17.18% (PCP3) were used to protect the cells. PCPs could inhibit the damage of nanoCOM to HK-2 cells, increase cell viability, restore cytoskeleton and morphology, and improve lysosomal integrity. PCPs can reduce the oxidative stress response of nanoCOM to cells, inhibit the opening of mPTP and cell necrotic apoptosis, reduce the level of Ca2+ ions in cells, the production of ATP and MDA, and increase SOD expression. PCPs can also reduce the cellular inflammatory response caused by oxidative damage, and reduce the expression of nitric oxide (NO), inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and MCP-1, as well as the content of inflammasome NLRP3. After protection, PCPs can inhibit the endocytosis of nanoCOM crystals by cells. With the increase in -COOH content in PCPs, its ability to inhibit nanoCOM cell damage, reduce oxidative stress, reduce inflammatory response, and inhibit crystal endocytosis increases, that is, PCP3 with the highest -COOH content, shows the best biological activity. Inhibiting cell damage and inflammation and reducing a large amount of endocytosis of crystals by cells are beneficial to inhibit the formation of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiong
- Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Yun Zheng
- Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Pedrosa LDF, de Vos P, Fabi JP. Nature's soothing solution: Harnessing the potential of food-derived polysaccharides to control inflammation. Curr Res Struct Biol 2023; 6:100112. [PMID: 38046895 PMCID: PMC10692654 DOI: 10.1016/j.crstbi.2023.100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing inflammation by diet is a major goal for prevention or lowering symptoms of a variety of diseases, such as auto-immune reactions and cancers. Natural polysaccharides are increasingly gaining attention due to their potential immunomodulating capacity. Structures of those molecules are highly important for their effects on the innate immune system, cytokine production and secretion, and enzymes in immune cells. Such polysaccharides include β-glucans, pectins, fucoidans, and fructans. To better understand the potential of these immunomodulatory molecules, it is crucial to enhance dedicated research in the area. A bibliometric analysis was performed to set a starting observation point. Major pillars of inflammation, such as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), enzymatic production of inflammatory molecules, and involvement in specific pathways such as Nuclear-factor kappa-B (NF-kB), involved in cell transcription, survival, and cytokine production, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), a regulator of genetic expression, mitosis, and cell differentiation. Therefore, the outcomes from polysaccharide applications in those scenarios are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas de Freitas Pedrosa
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - João Paulo Fabi
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Food Research Center (ForC), CEPID-FAPESP (Research, Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Wang Y, Xiong X, Huang G. Ultrasound-assisted extraction and analysis of maidenhairtree polysaccharides. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 95:106395. [PMID: 37015179 PMCID: PMC10439246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The maidenhairtree polysaccharides (MTPs) have important application prospects. So, the extraction, purification, structure, derivatization and biological activities of polysaccharides from leaves, fruits, and testae of maidenhairtree were disscussed. Polysaccharides were extracted by collaborative extraction methods such as ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction. The ultrasound-assisted extraction had higher content and higher efficiency. The structural characteristics and structure-activity relationship of maidenhairtree polysaccharides were studied in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the further development and utilization of maidenhairtree polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Yang RF, Peng YY, Wang YR. Enhancing Hot Air Drying Efficiency through Electrostatic Field-Ultrasonic Coupling Pretreatment. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081727. [PMID: 37107522 PMCID: PMC10137644 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The drying of compact and biologically active materials presents significant challenges. In this study, we propose using electrostatic field-ultrasonic coupling pretreatment to enhance the drying efficiency of ginkgo fruits. We designed and constructed an experimental device to investigate the effects of ultrasonic power, pretreatment time, hot air drying temperature, and electrostatic field voltage on the moisture content of the fruits. We used the response surface methodology to identify optimal process conditions and further explored the kinetic model for the moisture content of the fruits under the pretreatment. The results showed that the optimal process parameters for electrostatic-ultrasound pretreatment and the drying of ginkgo fruits were: an electrostatic field voltage of 11.252 kV, an ultrasound power of 590.074 W, a pretreatment time of 32.799 min, and a hot air drying temperature of 85 °C. Under the optimized process conditions, the correlation between the moisture content of ginkgo fruits and the two-term drying kinetics model was the highest. After electrostatic-ultrasound coupling pretreatment, the drying rate of ginkgo fruits was significantly improved during hot air drying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri-Fu Yang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ying-Ying Peng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yu-Rong Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Liu Y, Xin H, Zhang Y, Che F, Shen N, Cui Y. Leaves, seeds and exocarp of Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae): A Comprehensive Review of Traditional Uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, resource utilization and toxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115645. [PMID: 35988840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae) is a treasure species with high medicinal value. The Ming Dynasty "Compendium of Materia Medica" and Qing Dynasty "Bencao Fengyuan" in China recorded this herbal medicine can reduce phlegm, clear poison, treat diarrhea and frequent urination, etc. AIM OF THE STUDY: Until now, there is no painstakingly summarized review on leaves, seeds and exocarp of G. biloba simultaneously. This review will systematically summarize and compare current knowledge of G. biloba. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ample original publications related to traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, resource utilization and toxicity of G. biloba leaves, seeds and exocarp till the end of 2021 were searched and collected by using various literature databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, PubMed, Elsevier, Springer, Google Scholar and Web of Science database. RESULTS According to classical Chinese herbal books and Chinese Pharmacopoeia, relieving cough, reducing phlegm, clearing poison and relieving diarrhea are the main pharmacological effects of G. biloba. The common chemical ingredients in different parts of G. biloba are flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, polysaccharides and endotoxin, etc. Among them, flavonoids and terpenoids are the main bioactive compounds in G. biloba leaves. Phenolic acids are the main bioactive compounds in G. biloba exocarp. G. biloba seeds are rich in nutritional ingredients, such as starch, adipose, protein, etc. Modern pharmacological studies showed that the crude extracts or compounds of G. biloba leaves, seeds and exocarp can be used for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, cancer, asthma, non-alcoholic fatty liver, diabetic complications and other diseases. In daily life, G. biloba seeds were usually used as raw material or additives for commodities, healthy food, drinks, even insecticides and antibacterial agents, etc. G. biloba leaves and seeds have been mainly applied for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cough and asthma in clinical. However, endotoxins and ginkgolic acids have been identified as the dominating toxic ingredients in different parts of G. biloba. Besides, flavonoids and ginkgolides also have been proved to have toxicity recently. CONCLUSIONS This review systematically sums up and compares the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, resource utilization and toxicity research progress of G. biloba leaves, seeds and exocarp for the first time. It will provide some comprehensive reference data and suggestions for future research on this herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Liu
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Huawei Xin
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Yunchao Zhang
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Fengyuan Che
- Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Na Shen
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Yulei Cui
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China; Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
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Wang H, Shi M, Cao F, Su E. Ginkgo biloba seed exocarp: A waste resource with abundant active substances and other components for potential applications. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Al‐kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Kaushik A, Kujawska M, Batiha GE. Ginkgo biloba in the management of the COVID-19 severity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200188. [PMID: 35672257 PMCID: PMC9348126 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is linked with inflammatory disorders and the development of oxidative stress in extreme cases. Therefore, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant drugs may alleviate these complications. Ginkgo biloba L. folium extract (EGb) is a herbal medicine containing various active constituents. This review aims to provide a critical discussion on the potential role of EGb in the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The antiviral effect of EGb is mediated by different mechanisms, including blocking SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like protease that provides trans-variant effectiveness. Moreover, EGb impedes the development of pulmonary inflammatory disorders through the diminution of neutrophil elastase activity, the release of proinflammatory cytokines, platelet aggregation, and thrombosis. Thus, EGb can attenuate the acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19. In conclusion, EGb offers the potential of being used as adjuvant antiviral and symptomatic therapy. Nanosystems enabling targeted delivery, personalization, and booster of effects provide the opportunity for the use of EGb in modern phytotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al‐kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineALmustansiriyia UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineALmustansiriyia UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health System Engineering, Department of Environmental EngineeringFlorida Polytechnic UniversityLakelandFloridaUSA
| | | | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhour UniversityDamanhourAlBeheiraEgypt
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13
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Guo J, Wu Y, Jiang M, Wu C, Wang G. An LC–MS-based metabolomic approach provides insights into the metabolite profiles of Ginkgo biloba L. at different developmental stages and in various organs. Food Res Int 2022; 159:111644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Cai SQ, Tang ZM, Xiong C, Wu FF, Zhao JR, Zhang Q, Wang L, Zhang XN, Zhao XH. The anti-inflammatory effects of apigenin and genistein on the rat intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells with TNF-α stimulation in response to heat treatment. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:918-926. [PMID: 36686365 PMCID: PMC9846340 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to investigate the anti-inflammatory function of two flavonoids apigenin and genistein in rat intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and to clarify whether the heat treatment of the flavonoids might affect flavonoid activity. The flavonoids at lower dosage (e.g. 5 μmol/L) had no toxic effect but growth promotion on the cells. Meanwhile, the flavonoid pretreatment of the cells before TNF-α stimulation could maintain cellular morphology, decrease the production of prostaglandin E2 and two pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6, but increase the production of two anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β. Additionally, the flavonoids could block off the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65, and suppress the expression of phosphorylated IκBα and p65 induced by TNF-α. Meanwhile, the NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 shared a similar function with the flavonoids to mediate the production of IL-6/IL-10. Furthermore, in silico analysis also declared that the flavonoids could interact with the IκBα-NF-κB complex at the binding pockets to yield the binding energies ranging from -31.7 to -34.0 kJ/mol. However, the heated flavonoids were consistently less effective than the unheated counterparts to perform these anti-inflammatory effects. It is thus proposed that both apigenin and genistein have anti-inflammatory potential to the TNF-α-stimulated IEC-6 cells by inactivating the NF-κB pathway, while heat treatment of the flavonoids caused a negative impact on these assessed anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qing Cai
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Zhi-Mei Tang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Cen Xiong
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Fei-Fei Wu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Jun-Ren Zhao
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China
| | - Xiao-Nan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiaying University, 514015, Meizhou, PR China
| | - Xin-Huai Zhao
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Research Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Healthcare, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030, Harbin, PR China,Corresponding author. School of Biology and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 525000, Maoming, PR China.
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15
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Ma T, Lv L, Yu Y, Jia L, Song X, Xu X, Li T, Sheng X, Wang H, Zhang J, Gao L. Bilobalide Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Chondrocytes Through the AMPK/SIRT1/mTOR Pathway to Attenuate ACLT-Induced Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:783506. [PMID: 35281931 PMCID: PMC8905364 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.783506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although osteoarthritis (OA) significantly affects the quality of life of the elderly, there is still no effective treatment strategy. The standardized Ginkgo biloba L. extract preparation has been shown to have a wide range of therapeutic effects. Bilobalide, a unique ingredient of Ginkgo biloba, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological properties, but its mechanism of action on OA remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of bilobalide on the development of OA through in vivo and in vitro experiments, as well as its potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that bilobalide significantly inhibited the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) in ATDC5 chondrocytes induced by Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). At the molecular level, bilobalide induced chondrocyte autophagy by activating the AMPK/SIRT1/mTOR signaling pathway, which increased the expression of autophagy-related Atg genes, up-regulated the expression of LC3 protein, and reduced the expression of the p62 protein. In vivo, bilobalide exerted significant anti-inflammatory and anti-extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation effects in a rat model of post-traumatic OA (PTOA) induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Bilobalide could relieve joint pain in PTOA rats, inhibit the expression of iNOS and COX-2 protein in cartilage via the AMPK/SIRT1/mTOR pathway, and reduce the level of ECM degradation biomarkers in serum. In conclusion, bilobalide exhibits vigorous anti-inflammatory activity, presenting it as an interesting potential therapeutic agent for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Liangyu Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Lina Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaopeng Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - XinYu Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xuanbo Sheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Animals Disease Pathogenesis and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, China
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16
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Lu Q, Li R, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Li J. Ingredients with anti-inflammatory effect from medicine food homology plants. Food Chem 2022; 368:130610. [PMID: 34419798 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation occurs when the immune system responses to external harmful stimuli and infection. Chronic inflammation induces various diseases. A variety of foods are prescribed in the traditional medicines of many countries all over the world, which gave birth to the concept of medicine food homology. Over the past few decades, a number of secondary metabolites from medicine food homology plants have been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory effects. In the present review, the effects and mechanisms of the medicine food homology plants-derived active components on relieving inflammation and inflammation-mediated diseases were summarized and discussed. The information provided in this review is valuable to future studies on anti-inflammatory ingredients derived from medicine food homology plants as drugs or food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Lu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yixi Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yujin Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China; Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
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17
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Cao M, Yang J, Wang X, Hu W, Xie X, Zhao Y, Liu M, Wei Y, Yu M, Hu T. Sophora subprostrate polysaccharide regulates histone acetylation to inhibit inflammation in PCV2-infected murine splenic lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:668-678. [PMID: 34560152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) has caused large economic losses in the swine industry worldwide; therefore, research on relevant therapeutic medicines is still urgently needed. To define the relationship between histone acetylation and inflammation induced by PCV2, we investigated whether traditional Chinese medicinal polysaccharides could alleviate viral infection by regulating histone acetylation. In this study, Sophora subprostrate polysaccharide (SSP)-treated PCV2-infected murine splenic lymphocytes in vitro and murine spleen in vivo were used to explore the regulatory effects of SSP on inflammation and histone acetylation caused by PCV2. SSP at different concentrations significantly reduced the secretion levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, the activity of COX-2, the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS and COX-2 and the protein expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 but promoted the secretion and mRNA expression levels of IL-10. Furthermore, the different concentrations of SSP significantly regulated the activity of histone acetylase (HAT) and the mRNA expression of HAT1, increased the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and the mRNA expression of HDAC1 and reduced the protein expression levels of Ac-H3 and Ac-H4. Overall, SSP inhibited inflammation in PCV2-infected murine splenic lymphocytes by regulating histone acetylation in vitro and in vivo, thus playing an important role in PCV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mixia Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Wenyue Hu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Mengqian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yingyi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Meiling Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Tingjun Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
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18
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Jia J, Zhang P, Zhang C, Jiang G, Zheng W, Song S, Ai C. Sulfated polysaccharides from pacific abalone attenuated DSS-induced acute and chronic ulcerative colitis in mice via regulating intestinal micro-ecology and the NF-κB pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:11351-11365. [PMID: 34668909 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02431k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to potential side effects of current drugs in colitis treatment, polysaccharides with anti-inflammatory activities can be considered as alternative molecules for colitis treatment. Sulfated polysaccharide from pacific abalone (AGSP) reduced the level of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and increased the production of short chain fatty acids in the colon of mice, and it reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and increased the IL-10 level in in vitro cell models, suggesting that it can be used as a probiotic agent to inhibit intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, AGSP reduced the disease activity index and intestinal damage, improved the mucosal immune response, and inhibited oxidative damage in mice with DSS-induced acute and chronic colitis, which can be associated with modulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and gut microbiota. AGSP regulated the structure of the gut microbiota and reduced the level of Bacteroides that had positive correlation with the colitis symptoms. The in vitro result showed that AGSP may inhibit mucin degradation by Bacteroides via the change of the polysaccharide utilization strategy, which can protect intestinal barrier integrity. This study is useful to understand the mechanism by which AGSP ameliorates colitis and related diseases and promotes further development of AGSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Jia
- School of Food Science and Technology; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
| | - Panpan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
| | - Guoping Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
| | - Weiyun Zheng
- School of Food Science and Technology; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- School of Food Science and Technology; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China. .,National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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19
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Dong L, Liu Y, Wang D, Zhu K, Zou Z, Zhang A. Imbalanced inflammatory response in subchronic arsenic-induced liver injury and the protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract in rats: Potential role of cytokines mediated cell-cell interactions. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:2073-2092. [PMID: 34251737 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a well-known environmental toxicant and carcinogen, which has been epidemiologically proved related to the increased hepatic disorders. Researches have shown that aseptic inflammation and abnormal immune response are associated with arsenic-induced liver injury. However, the immunotoxic effects of liver have not been extensively characterized. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), a natural products of G. biloba leaves with proven anti-inflammatory and potential immunoregulatory activities, was used as intervention agent to explore its protective effects on arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity. Thus, the underlying mechanism of the immunotoxic effects on arsenic-induced liver injury were investigated in 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg NaAsO2 of Wistar rats for 16 weeks. Subsequently, GBE was used as intervention agent in 50 mg/kg for 6 weeks after cessation of arsenic exposure. The ratio of Th17 to Treg cells in peripheral blood as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-10 in serum and liver were detected. Meanwhile, the notable activation of aseptic inflammation-related molecule TLR4 and its downstream targets MyD88 and NF-κB in the liver were observed. In this work, we confirmed that subchronic exposed to arsenic triggered the infiltration of inflammatory cells in rat liver, coupled with obvious histopathological changes and aberrant hepatic serum biochemical parameters. Meanwhile, imbalanced immune response was verified by the notable abnormal ratio of Th17 to Treg cells in peripheral blood as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-10 in serum and liver of arsenic exposed rats. Further, the level of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in liver both transcription and translation activity were raised. Subsequently, GBE markedly mitigated arsenic-induced liver injury, most impressively, post treatment with GBE prominently suppressed the overactivated inflammatory-related TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway and evidently decreased the secretion of inflammation cytokines. Meanwhile, the disturbance of pro- and anti-inflammatory response was reversed. We concluded that the disruption of pro- and anti-inflammatory T-cells balance caused by cytokines mediated cell-cell interactions may be one of the mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced liver injury and that GBE intervention exerts an evidence protective effects, which might be closely associated with the suppression of inflammatory-related TLR4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonglian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhonglan Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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20
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Abdel-Latif HMR, Hendam BM, Nofal MI, El-Son MAM. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract improves growth, intestinal histomorphometry, immunity, antioxidant status and modulates transcription of cytokine genes in hapa-reared Oreochromis niloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 117:339-349. [PMID: 34153429 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the impacts of dietary supplementation with Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBL) on the growth, intestinal histomorphometry, immunity, antioxidant status, and expression of cytokine genes in Nile tilapia reared in the hapas. A control diet was enriched with different GBL levels (0.0, 5.0, 7.0, and 9.0 g/kg) to form 4 experimental diets and were fed to Nile tilapia for 8 weeks. The findings illustrated that dietary GBL significantly enhanced the growth and feed utilization indices compared to those reared in the control group. A dose-dependent increase of hepatic catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities alongside a decline of hepatic malondialdehyde levels were recorded in GBL groups compared with the control. Serum lysozyme activity, complement C3, and immunoglobulin M levels were significantly increased in GBL groups compared with the control group. Moreover, dietary GBL maintained the normal intestinal and hepatopancreatic histological structures with a significant increase of some histomorphometric measurements of proximal, middle, and distal intestinal parts of the treated fish. Interestingly, dietary GBL supplementation significantly increased the mRNA expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (INF-γ) genes in the splenic tissues of treated fish over the control group. To conclude, it could be recommended to use GBL as a functional phytogenic feed additive to improve the growth, hepatic and intestinal health status, hepatic antioxidant status, and immunity of treated Nile tilapia. Besides, the second order polynomial regression revealed that 7.50 g GBL/kg diet is the optimal inclusion level to improve growth with no negative impacts on the overall health condition of treated Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany M R Abdel-Latif
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 22758, Egypt.
| | - Basma M Hendam
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Nofal
- Manzala Fish Farm, General Authority of Fish Resources Development (GAFRD), Manzala, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Mai A M El-Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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21
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Lu Y, Hao W, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Luo J, Liu Q, Liu Q, Wang L, Zhang C. Comparative Study of Physicochemical Properties and Starch Granule Structure in Seven Ginkgo Kernel Flours. Foods 2021; 10:1721. [PMID: 34441499 PMCID: PMC8392216 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba L. is an important economic tree species in China, and its kernels have been used as a popular food in Asian countries. Herein, the morphology, basic chemical components, starch granule structures, and physicochemical properties of kernel flours from seven ginkgo cultivars were investigated, and their relationships were analyzed. The kernels were oval or spherical in shape, with variable sizes. The starch granules exhibited both regular and irregular Maltese cross patterns. Amylose was mainly distributed in amorphous growth rings. A spatial variation in the 865/942 cm-1 ratio was observed within individual starch granules. Variations in total starch content, apparent amylose content (AAC), crude protein content (CPC), total amino acid content (TAAC), starch fine structure, and thermal and pasting properties were observed among the seven kernel flours. Pearson correlation coefficients and principle component analyses showed that the thermal properties were affected by kernel CPC, TAAC, AAC, and starch fine structure, while the pasting properties were affected by AAC and starch fine structure. Furthermore, experiments showed that the seed protein structure and α-amylase activity affected the pasting properties of ginkgo kernel flours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Weizhuo Hao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Yue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Jixun Luo
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (J.L.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qing Liu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (J.L.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (Q.L.)
| | - Li Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Changquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (W.H.); (Y.Z.); (Y.X.); (Q.L.)
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22
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Zong X, Cheng Y, Xiao X, Fu J, Wang F, Lu Z, Wang Y, Jin M. Protective effects of sulfated polysaccharide from Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 against DSS-induced intestinal injury via DNA methylation. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:861-869. [PMID: 33940061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously obtained and characterized a novel sulfated derivative of the exopolysaccharides from Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 (SEPS). This study aimed at investigating the effects and mechanism of SEPS against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced intestinal injury. The results showed that SEPS increased the proliferation and survival of intestinal epithelial cells during DSS stimulation. Furthermore, SEPS maintained the barrier function and inflammatory response via JAK2 and MAPK signaling to protect against DSS-induced intestinal injury. Mechanistically, SEPS elevated the DNA methylation in the promoter region to negatively regulate the JAK2 and MAPKs expression. Thus, the current study shows the potential effects and mechanism of SEPS on DSS-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuanzhi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Fengqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zeqing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China.
| | - Mingliang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, PR China.
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23
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Ye J, Zhao Y, Chen X, Zhou H, Yang Y, Zhang X, Huang Y, Zhang N, Lui EMK, Xiao M. Pu-erh tea ameliorates obesity and modulates gut microbiota in high fat diet fed mice. Food Res Int 2021; 144:110360. [PMID: 34053553 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is regarded to be associated with fat accumulation, chronic inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Raw and ripened pu-erh tea extract (PETe) have the effect of reducing body weight gain and fat accumulation, which are associated with gut microbiota. However, little is known about the difference of raw and ripened PETe on the regulation of gut microbiota. Here, our results suggested that supplementation of raw and ripened PETe displayed similar anti-obesogenic effect in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mice, by attenuating the body weight gain, fat accumulation, oxidative injury, and low-grade inflammation, improving the glucose tolerance, alleviating the metabolic endotoxemia, and regulating the mRNA and protein expression levels of the lipid metabolism-related genes. 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples indicated that raw and ripened PETe intervention displayed different regulatory effect on the HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis at different taxonomic levels. The microbial diversity, the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as well as F/B ratio were reversed more closer to normal by ripened PETe. Phylotypes of Bacteroidaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Muribaculaceae, and Rikenellaceae which are negatively correlated with obesity were enhanced notably by the intervention of ripened PETe, while Erysipelotrichaceae and Lactobacillaceae which have positive correlation with obesity were decreased dramatically. In addition, the treatment of ripened PETe had better effect on the increase of benefical Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Akkemansia and decrease of obesity associated Faecalibaculum and Erysipelatoclostridium (p < 0.05). These findings suggested that pu-erh tea especially ripened pu-erh tea could serve as a great candidate for alleviation of obesity in association with the modulation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiangming Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Huiyu Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yayan Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Edmund M K Lui
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Meitian Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, China
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24
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Fang J, Wang Z, Wang P, Wang M. Extraction, structure and bioactivities of the polysaccharides from Ginkgo biloba: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:1897-1905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Arab-Nozari M, Ahangar N, Mohammadi E, Lorigooini Z, Shokrzadeh M, Amiri FT, Shaki F. Ginkgo biloba attenuated hepatotoxicity induced by combined exposure to cadmium and fluoride via modulating the redox imbalance, Bax/Bcl-2 and NF-kB signaling pathways in male rats. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6961-6972. [PMID: 32920758 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Ginkgo Biloba (G.B) hydro-ethanolic extract against hepatotoxicity induced by combined exposure to cadmium (Cd) and fluoride (F) in Wistar rats. Animals were exposed to F (30 mg/L) + Cd (40 mg/L), F + Cd plus G.B (50,100 and 200 mg/kg), G.B (200 mg/kg), F + Cd plus Vit C(1000 mg/L) in drinking water for 42 days. Significant raise in liver enzymes and histopathological changes were observed in F + Cd treated rats. F + Cd exposure enhanced protein and glutathione oxidation, lipid peroxidation and decreased superoxide dismutase activity. F and Cd combination also caused mitochondrial dysfunction, swelling and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse in liver isolated mitochondria. Up-regulation of inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-kB) and pro-apoptotic Bax as well as down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 were detected after co-exposure to F and Cd. Interestingly, G.B alleviated F + Cd induced liver oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and prevented inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, decrease in serum liver enzymes and improvement of histopathologic lesions were observed in G.B treated rats. This study explored the potential beneficial role of G.B on F + Cd combined hepatotoxic effects via considering its possible antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial protection and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Arab-Nozari
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran
| | - Nematollah Ahangar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mohammadi
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shaki
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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26
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Shen QK, Gong GH, Li G, Jin M, Cao LH, Quan ZS. Discovery and evaluation of novel synthetic 5-alkyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-carbox-amide derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 35:85-95. [PMID: 31707866 PMCID: PMC6853232 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1680658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop novel anti-inflammatory agents, a series of 5-alkyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-carboxamide derivatives were designed, synthesised, and evaluated for anti-inflammatory effects using RAW264.7 cells. Structures of the synthesised compounds were determined using 1H NMR, 13 C NMR, and HRMS. All the compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory activity based on their inhibitory effects against LPS-induced NO release. Among them, 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1, 2, 4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-carboxamide (6p) showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity and inhibited NO release more potently than the lead compound D1. Further studies revealed that compound 6p reduced the levels of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6, and that its anti-inflammatory activity involves the inhibition of COX-2 and iNOS and downregulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signal pathway. Notably, compound 6p displayed more prominent anti-inflammatory activity than D1 and the positive control ibuprofen in the in vivo acute inflammatory model. Overall, these findings indicate that compound 6p is a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Guo-Hua Gong
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Gao- Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Mei- Jin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Li-Hua Cao
- College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, Affiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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27
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Liu Y, Ye X, Li Y, Chu Q, Yu L, Chen W, Jia R, Jiang Y, Zheng X. The influence of the extraction method on bioactivity of the root of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:3644-3653. [PMID: 31763013 PMCID: PMC6848824 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum is traditionally used as a folk medicine and functional food in China. Its extracts have been confirmed to have many bioactivities. However, the effect of extracting temperature on its bioactivity has not been reported. In this research, the total flavonoids content (TFC), total polyphenol content (TPC), antiproliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extracts and water extracts (extracted at 55, 70, 85, and 100°C) were observed. The results indicated that ethanol extracts showed better antioxidant activity with DPPH EC50 of 504.1 ± 3.8 μg/ml and ABTS EC50 of 851.4 ± 3.9 μg/ml. A better antiproliferative activity on HepG2, PC12, Caco-2, and Hela cells was observed on ethanol extracts. The results of anti-inflammatory activities also indicated that all of the extracts can reduce the NO production of LPS-stimulated macrophage with dose-independent manner. In summary, the results showed that the antiproliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of water extracts decreased with the increasing temperature to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liu
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yonglu Li
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qiang Chu
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lushuang Yu
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yong Jiang
- Shanghai Zhengyue Enterprise Management Co., Ltd.ShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and NutritionZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Fuli Institute of Food ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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28
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Cai Y, Liu W, Lin Y, Zhang S, Zou B, Xiao D, Lin L, Zhong Y, Zheng H, Liao Q, Xie Z. Compound polysaccharides ameliorate experimental colitis by modulating gut microbiota composition and function. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:1554-1562. [PMID: 30589960 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Inflammatory bowel disease results from a dysregulated immune response to intestinal microbial flora in individuals with genetic predisposition(s). This study aimed to determine the effects of compound polysaccharides (CP) containing yam polysaccharide and inulin on the rat model of colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and to explain the mechanism in terms of gut microbiota composition and function. METHODS Male SD rats were divided into three groups: the control group, the model group, and the CP group. Disease activity index, serum myeloperoxidase level, and the composition and function of gut microbiota were analyzed. RESULTS The data in the study showed CP reduced inflammation in the rat model of colitis induced by TNBS and ameliorated the experimental colitis. The results also indicated that CP not only reversed TNBS-induced gut dysbiosis-indexed by increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, lactic acid-producing bacteria, and decreased Bacteroides, Proteobacteria as well as sulfate-reducing bacteria, but also restored the dysregulated microbiota function of colitic rats into a normal condition, including an improvement on basic metabolism and a reduction on oxidative stress, cell motility, signal transduction, xenobiotics biodegradation, and metabolism as well as pathogenesis processes. CONCLUSIONS Compound polysaccharides ameliorated the experimental colitis of rats induced by TNBS by modulating the gut microbiota composition and function profiles, which makes it possible to be used as prebiotic agents to treat gut dysbiosis in colitis individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaobao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baorong Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Zhong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haihui Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongfeng Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, China
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