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Liu Y, Huang S, Kuang M, Wang H, Xie Q. High LARGE1 Expression May Predict Benefit from Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Resected Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:87-99. [PMID: 33500650 PMCID: PMC7822230 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s271516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background LARGE1 plays a pivotal role in glycosylation of alpha-Dystroglycan (α-DG) and is aberrantly downregulated in cell lines originating from epithelium-derived cancers including lung cancer. However, the expression of LARGE1 and its clinical significance in NSCLC are not clear. Materials and Methods The data were collected from the TCGA database to investigate LARGE1 expression in stage I–III NSCLC and explore its associations with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival of patients. The prognostic role of LARGE1 was examined in subgroups according to clinical features and treatments. The results were validated in external cohorts from the NCBI GEO database. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms during LARGE1 alteration in NSCLC. Results LARGE1 was aberrantly downregulated in NSCLC compared with adjacent tissues and normal lung tissues and in tumors with advanced stage compared with early stage. There was only a trend of association between high LARGE1 with OS in multivariate analysis. Surprisingly, high LARGE1 was significantly associated with improved OS in a subgroup of the patients with adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) and a significant interaction between LARGE1 expression and ACT was found. Improved OS after ACT was also found in patients with high LARGE1 compared to those with low LARGE1. When combining LARGE1 expression and ACT, compared with patients with non-ACT, HR of low LARGE1/ACT was 0.592 (95% CI=0.432–0.813, P=0.0012), and HR of high LARGE1/ACT was 0.124 (95% CI=0.031–0.505, P=0.0036). The results were verified in two external cohorts from the GEO database. GSEA indicated that LARGE1 might downregulate cell cycle pathway to improve ACT sensitivity and subsequently the prognosis in NSCLC. Conclusion High LARGE1 can be used to identify the patients with resected stage I–III NSCLC most likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Shirui Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Kuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Qipeng Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, People's Republic of China
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Miller MR, Ma D, Schappet J, Breheny P, Mott SL, Bannick N, Askeland E, Brown J, Henry MD. Downregulation of dystroglycan glycosyltransferases LARGE2 and ISPD associate with increased mortality in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2015. [PMID: 26220087 PMCID: PMC4518861 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0416-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dystroglycan (DG) is a cell-surface laminin receptor that links the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix in a variety of epithelial tissues. Its function as a matrix receptor requires extensive glycosylation of its extracellular subunit αDG, which involves at least 13 distinct genes. Prior work has shown loss of αDG glycosylation in an assortment of carcinomas, including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) though the cause (s) and functional consequences of this loss are still unclear. Methods Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we analyzed the DG glycosylation pathway to identify changes in mRNA expression and correlation with clinical outcomes. We validated our findings with a cohort of 65 patients treated with radical nephrectomy by analyzing DG glycosylation via immunohistochemistry and gene expression via qRT-PCR. Results Analysis of TCGA database revealed frequent dysregulation of a subset of DG glycosyltransferases. Most notably, there was a frequent, significant downregulation of GYLTL1B (LARGE2) and ISPD. DG glycosylation is frequently impaired in ccRCC patient samples and most strongly associates with downregulation of GYLTL1B. Conclusions Reduced levels of GYLTL1B and ISPD mRNA associated with increased patient mortality and are the likely cause of αDG hypoglycosylation in ccRCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0416-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Miller
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 6-510 Bowen Science Bldg, Iowa, USA
| | - Deqin Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, USA
| | - James Schappet
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Iowa, USA
| | - Patrick Breheny
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Nadine Bannick
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 6-510 Bowen Science Bldg, Iowa, USA
| | - Eric Askeland
- Department of Urology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, USA
| | - James Brown
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, USA
| | - Michael D Henry
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 6-510 Bowen Science Bldg, Iowa, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa, USA. .,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa, USA.
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Zhang X, Dong XH, Ma Y, Li LF, Wu H, Zhou M, Gu YH, Li GZ, Wang DS, Zhang XF, Mou J, Qi JP. Reduction of α-dystroglycan expression is correlated with poor prognosis in glioma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11621-9. [PMID: 25139094 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dystroglycan (DG), a multifunctional protein dimer of non-covalently linked α and β subunits, is best known as an adhesion and transduction molecule linking the cytoskeleton and intracellular signaling pathways to extracellular matrix proteins. Loss of DG binding, possibly by degradation or disturbed glycosylation, has been reported in a variety of cancers. DG is abundant at astroglial endfeet forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and glia limitans; so, we examined if loss of expression is associated with glioma. Expression levels of α-DG and β-DG were assessed by immunohistochemistry in a series of 78 glioma specimens to determine the relationship with tumor grade and possible prognostic significance. α-DG immunostaining was undetectable in 44 of 49 high-grade specimens (89.8%) compared to 15 of 29 low-grade specimens (51.72%) (P<0.05). Moreover, loss of α-DG expression was an independent predictor of shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (hazards ratio (HR) = 0.142, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.033-0.611, P=0.0088). Reduced expression of both α-DG and β-DG was also a powerful negative prognostic factor for DFS (HR=2.556, 95% CI 1.403-4.654, P=0.0022) and overall survival (OS) (HR=2.193, 95% CI 1.031-4.666, P=0.0414). Lack of α-DG immunoreactivity is more frequent in high-grade glioma and is an independent predictor of poor clinical outcome. Similarly, lack of both α-DG and β-DG immunoreactivity is a strong independent predictor of clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23 Youzheng Street, NanGang District, Harbin, 150001, China
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Zhang HZ, Xia XY, Zhu F, Shen H, Song K, Shang ZJ. Correlation of deregulated like-acetylglucosaminyl transferase and aberrant α-dystroglycan expression with human tongue cancer metastasis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 72:1106-18. [PMID: 24629698 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2013.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study examined the correlation of α-dystroglycan (α-DG) expression and like-acetylglucosaminyl transferase (LARGE) with metastasis of human tongue cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty human tongue cancer tissues and 2 tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (CAL27 and SCC4) were involved. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of α-DG and LARGE. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was performed to assess the methylation status of the LARGE gene promoter. CAL27 and SCC4 cells were transfected with exogenous LARGE and treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Aza-dC), respectively. Glycol sites of α-DG were detected by western blotting. In addition, the laminin overlay assay, cell adhesion assay, and invasion assay were performed. RESULTS Immunohistochemical results showed that decreased expression of VIA4-1 and IIH6 (antibodies that recognize the glycol sites of α-DG) were correlated with the lymph node metastasis of tongue cancer (n = 50; P = .016 and .025, respectively). Decreased LARGE expression and hypermethylation of the LARGE gene promoter were correlated with lymph node metastasis and α-DG glycosylation in human tongue cancer (n = 50; P = .043 and .015 respectively). In addition, LARGE overexpression and Aza-dC treatment actively led to restoration of functional α-DG expression, elevation of laminin binding, and decrease of migratory ability in cancer cells. CONCLUSION The results suggested that absent α-DG expression and LARGE deregulation were closely associated with nodal metastasis of tongue cancer. Aberrant α-DG expression and glycosylation were attributed at least in part to the abnormal epigenetic modification of LARGE, especially the hypermethylation of its promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Zhong Zhang
- PhD Student, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xia
- PhD Student, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- PhD Student, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Shen
- PhD Student, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Song
- PhD Student, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Shang
- Professor, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial and Head and Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Aggelis V, Craven RA, Peng J, Harnden P, Schaffer L, Hernandez GE, Head SR, Maher ER, Tonge R, Selby PJ, Banks RE. VHL-dependent regulation of a β-dystroglycan glycoform and glycogene expression in renal cancer. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1368-76. [PMID: 23970118 PMCID: PMC3823392 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of novel biomarkers and targets in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains a priority and one cellular compartment that is a rich potential source of such molecules is the plasma membrane. A shotgun proteomic analysis of cell surface proteins enriched by cell surface biotinylation and avidin affinity chromatography was explored using the UMRC2- renal cancer cell line, which lacks von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumour suppressor gene function, to determine whether proteins of interest could be detected. Of the 814 proteins identified ~22% were plasma membrane or membrane-associated, including several with known associations with cancer. This included β-dystroglycan, the transmembrane subunit of the DAG1 gene product. VHL-dependent changes in the form of β-dystroglycan were detected in UMRC2-/+VHL transfectants. Deglycosylation experiments showed that this was due to differential sialylation. Analysis of normal kidney cortex and conventional RCC tissues showed that a similar change also occurred in vivo. Investigation of the expression of genes involved in glycosylation in UMRC2-/+VHL cells using a focussed microarray highlighted a number of enzymes involved in sialylation; upregulation of bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE) was validated in UMRC2- cells compared with their +VHL counterparts and also found in conventional RCC tissue. These results implicate VHL in the regulation of glycosylation and raise interesting questions regarding the extent and importance of such changes in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Aggelis
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
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Esser AK, Miller MR, Huang Q, Meier MM, Beltran-Valero de Bernabé D, Stipp CS, Campbell KP, Lynch CF, Smith BJ, Cohen MB, Henry MD. Loss of LARGE2 disrupts functional glycosylation of α-dystroglycan in prostate cancer. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:2132-42. [PMID: 23223448 PMCID: PMC3554886 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.432807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystroglycan (DG) is a cell surface receptor for extracellular matrix proteins and is involved in cell polarity, matrix organization, and mechanical stability of tissues. Previous studies documented loss of DG protein expression and glycosylation in a variety of cancer types, but the underlying mechanisms and the functional consequences with respect to cancer progression remain unclear. Here, we show that the level of expression of the βDG subunit as well as the glycosylation status of the αDG subunit inversely correlate with the Gleason scores of prostate cancers; furthermore, we show that the functional glycosylation of αDG is substantially reduced in prostate cancer metastases. Additionally, we demonstrate that LARGE2 (GYLTL1B), a gene not previously implicated in cancer, regulates functional αDG glycosylation in prostate cancer cell lines; knockdown of LARGE2 resulted in hypoglycosylation of αDG and loss of its ability to bind laminin-111 while overexpression restored ligand binding and diminished growth and migration of an aggressive prostate cancer cell line. Finally, our analysis of LARGE2 expression in human cancer specimens reveals that LARGE2 is significantly down-regulated in the context of prostate cancer, and that its reduction correlates with disease progression. Our results describe a novel molecular mechanism to account for the commonly observed hypoglycosylation of αDG in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qin Huang
- From the Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
| | - Melissa M. Meier
- Department of Pathology, The Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine
| | | | - Christopher S. Stipp
- Department of Biology
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Kevin P. Campbell
- From the Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Charles F. Lynch
- Department of Epidemiology
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Brian J. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Michael B. Cohen
- Department of Pathology, The Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Michael D. Henry
- From the Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
- Department of Pathology, The Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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Shen JG, Xu CY, Li X, Dong MJ, Jiang ZN, Wang J, Wang LB. Dystroglycan is associated with tumor progression and patient survival in gastric cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2011; 18:79-84. [PMID: 21695587 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-011-9419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports had indicated that there was a possible correlation of dystroglycan (DG) with biological behavior of cancer cells and cancer patients' survival. However, the role of DG expression in gastric cancer was rarely studied. In this study, α-DG and β-DG expression were determined by immunohistochemistry in specimens of primary cancer, metastatic lymph node, distal metastatic lesion, and their normal counterpart tissues in 20 gastric cancer patients. Correlations between α-DG and β-DG expression and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. Our results found that positive expression of α-DG in normal mucosa, paired primary tumor, metastatic lymph node and distal metastatic site was detected in 95%, 70%, 25%, and 5% specimens, individually. Regarding β-DG,it was 70%, 55%, 10%, and 10%, individually. Patients who had lower α-DG expression in tumors than in normal counterparts showed poor survival (p = 0.002), whereas such a correlation was not found in the case of β-DG (p = 0.079). Difference of α-DG between primary tumor and its normal counterparts was an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer with distal metastasis. This study showed DG expression was gradually reduced during tumor progression. Different expression of α-DG, but not β-DG, between primary tumor and normal specimen, correlated with patient survival, implicating a potential marker for gastric cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo Shen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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