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Donmez HG, Beksac MS. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (4G/5G) of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and the risk factors for placenta-related obstetric complications. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2023; 34:396-402. [PMID: 37577872 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placenta-related obstetric complications (PROCs) such as miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth are the major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to search the relevance of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) polymorphisms and co-morbidities and the risk factors for PROCs such as miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. METHOD This retrospective study analyzed the PAI-1 genotype in a cohort of 268 multiparous women with poor obstetric history. Poor obstetric history was defined as the presence of at least one of the PROCs and/or poor gestational outcomes at the previous pregnancy/pregnancies. RESULTS 5G allele frequency was higher than the 4G allele frequency in the cohort (0.767 vs. 0.233). The frequencies of having at least one risk factor are relatively similar among the different PAI-1 genotypes ( P > 0.05). However, the presence of MTHFR polymorphisms (homozygous and compound heterozygous forms of C677T and A1298G) and hereditary thrombophilia (Factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A gene mutations, and FXIII deficiency) were found to be associated with PAI 4G/4G ( P = 0.048) and 5G/5G ( P = 0.022) genotypes, respectively. Significant differences were not observed in other risk factors and co-morbidities such as autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammatory diseases, history of venous thromboembolism, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases depending on PAI-1 genotypes ( P > 0.05). CONCLUSION MTHFR polymorphisms were found to be associated with PAI 4G/4G genotype, while 5G/5G genotype was observed more frequently in hereditary thrombophilia cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Li R, Dong F, Zhang L, Ni X, Lin G. Role of adipocytokines in endometrial cancer progression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1090227. [PMID: 36578551 PMCID: PMC9791063 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1090227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is considered a significant barrier to increasing life expectancy and remains one of the most common malignant cancers among women in many countries worldwide. The increasing mortality rates are potentially proportional to the increasing obesity incidence. Adipose tissue secretes numerous adipocytokines, which may play important roles in endometrial cancer progression. In this scenario, we describe the role of adipocytokines in cell proliferation, cell invasion, cell adhesion, inflammation, angiogenesis, and anti-apoptotic action. A better understanding of the mechanisms of these adipocytokines may open up new therapeutic avenues for women with endometrial cancer. In the future, larger prospective studies focusing on adipocytokines and specific inhibitors should be directed at preventing the rapidly increasing prevalence of gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Fang Dong
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Xiuqin Ni
- School of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian, China
| | - Guozhi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital to Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China,*Correspondence: Guozhi Lin,
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Klimczak-Bitner AA, Bitner J, Hiruta K, Szemraj J. Exploring a possible association between the occurrence of the SERPINE1-675 4G/5G (rs1799889) polymorphism and the increased risk of esophageal cancer in the Caucasian population. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101147. [PMID: 34660916 PMCID: PMC8502711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this research was to analyze the SERPINE1 -675 4G/5G (rs1799889) and MMP9 T-1702A (rs2297864) polymorphisms in esophageal cancer among polish patients, classified as part of the Caucasian population. The analysis of polymorphic gene variants was performed on 35 randomly selected samples excised from patients with esophageal cancer. The tissue specimens were stored as Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) blocks. All patients in the sample group were of Caucasian ethnicity. The genotype distribution of MMP9 T-1702A and SERPINE1 -675 polymorphisms was analyzed using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) method. A correlation between the expression of −675 polymorphic form of SERPINE1 and alcohol abuse has been found. Additionally, a correlation between the −675 polymorphism and the subtype of EC developed by the patient has been shown. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report investigating the SERPINE1 -675 4G/5G (rs1799889) polymorphism as a potential candidate for a prognostic biomarker of esophageal cancer. FFPE cancer samples serve as good material for detecting SERPINE1 -675 4G/5G (rs1799889) and MMP9 T-1702A (rs2297864) polymorphisms. Expression of −675 polymorphism of SERPINE1 may correlate with pathoclinical factors for esophageal cancer in Caucasians. SERPINE1 -675 4G/5G (rs1799889) polymorphism may potentially serve as a prognostic biomarker for esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Bitner
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Komei Hiruta
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Japan
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
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Wang J, Peng Y, Guo H, Li C. PAI-1 Polymorphisms Have Significant Associations With Cancer Risk, Especially Feminine Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211037813. [PMID: 34521295 PMCID: PMC8447096 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211037813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was found in many types of tumor cells, which involved in tumorigenesis. Some studies investigated the associations between PAI-1 polymorphisms and various cancers, but the results were inconsistent. So this study did a meta-analysis to assess the strength of relationship between PAI-1 and cancer. METHODS Articles that meet the requirements were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang and SinoMed electronic databases before June 17th 2021. Stata version 11.2 was performed to merge the odds ratios (ORs) values and calculate 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Stratified analyses were assessed on the basis of types of cancer, ethnicity and source of the control group. Heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis were tested, and publication bias was also estimated. A meta-regression analysis was applied to explore sources of heterogeneity. The false-positive report probabilities (FPRP) and the Bayesian False Discovery Probability (BFDP) test were used to assess the credibility of statistically significant associations. RESULTS Ultimately, in this study, 33 eligible reports were included with 9550 cases and 10431 controls for the rs1799889 polymorphism, 5 reports with 2705 cases and 3168 controls for the rs2227631 polymorphism, and 4 reports with 2799 cases and 4011 controls for the rs2227667 polymorphism. The ORs and 95% CIs showed a statistically significant relationship between rs1799889 4G>5G polymorphism and cancer risk, especially in feminine cancer. The term refers to cancers that occur in the female reproductive system, such as ovarian, breast, endometrial and cervical cancer. Moreover, there was no association observed for the PAI-1 promoter A>G polymorphism (rs2227631 and rs2227667). In further subgroup analyses of 4G>5G polymorphism (rs1799889), an increased susceptibility to cancer was observed in Caucasians group and some types of cancer groups. CONCLUSIONS This article comes to a conclusion that the rs1799889 polymorphism might help to increase the risk of cancer; moreover, the susceptibility to feminine cancer is more evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Wang
- Department of Periodontal and Oral Medicine, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Oral Infectious Diseases, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Jiaxi Wang, Yuanyuan Peng, and Hejia Guo contributed equally to this work
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- Department of Periodontal and Oral Medicine, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Jiaxi Wang, Yuanyuan Peng, and Hejia Guo contributed equally to this work
| | - Hejia Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Jiaxi Wang, Yuanyuan Peng, and Hejia Guo contributed equally to this work
| | - Cuiping Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Disease Treatment, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Craniofacial Deformity, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Oral Infectious Diseases, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,Medical Scientific Research Center, College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in cancer research. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:83-94. [PMID: 29852393 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
[Despite as a major inhibitor of urokinase (uPA), paradoxically,] Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been validated to be highly expressed in various types of tumor biopsy tissues or plasma compared with controls based on huge clinical data bases analysis, more importantly, PAI-1 alone or in conjunction with uPA have been identified as prognostic for disease progression and relapse in certain cancer types. particularly in breast cancer. In addition to play important roles in cell adhesion, migration and invasion, PAI-1 has been reported to induce tumor vascularization and thus promote cell dissemination and tumor metastasis. Furthermore, there are many tumor promoting factors involved in the modulation of PAI-1 expression and activity, which will strengthen the pro-tumorigenic roles of PAI-1. Undoubtedly, PAI-1 may be a promising target for therapeutic intervention of specific cancer treatment. In fact, some PAI-1 inhibitors are currently being evaluated in cancer therapy, which may be developed to new antitumor agents in the future.
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The Association of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 (PAI-1) Level and PAI-1 4G/5G Gene Polymorphism with the Formation and the Grade of Endometrial Cancer. Biochem Genet 2017; 55:314-321. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-017-9796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Xu Z, Meng LL, Lin J, Ling Y, Chen SX, Lin N. Association between the polymorphisms of urokinase plasminogen activation system and cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:2493-502. [PMID: 26392776 PMCID: PMC4574847 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s85520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to investigate the potential association between the urokinase plasminogen activation (uPA) system polymorphisms (rs4065, rs2227564, and rs344781) and cancer risk. Methods An extensive search was performed to identify published case–control studies on the association between the uPA system polymorphisms and cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the relationship between the uPA system polymorphisms and cancer risk. Results A total of 20 studies comprising 7,037 cancer cases and 10,094 controls were identified and included in the present meta-analysis. Overall, significantly increased cancer risk was associated with the uPA polymorphism rs4065 (T vs C: OR 1.50, 95% CI: 1.19–1.89; TT vs CC: OR 4.63, 95% CI: 3.10–6.91; dominant model: OR 1.93, 95% CI: 1.60–2.33; recessive model: OR 3.02, 95% CI: 1.26–7.25) and the uPA receptor polymorphism rs344781 (T vs C: OR 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04–1.23; TC vs CC: OR 1.26, 95% CI: 1.06–1.49; TT vs CC: OR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13–1.63; dominant model: OR 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10–1.52). No significant association was found between the uPA polymorphism rs2227564 and cancer risk. Subgroup analysis suggests that the T allele of the rs4065 (T allele vs C allele: OR 1.50, 95% CI: 1.19–1.89) and rs344781 polymorphisms (T allele vs C allele: OR 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04–1.23) was associated with increased cancer risk in Asians. Conclusion Our results suggest that the uPA polymorphism rs4065 and the uPA receptor polymorphism rs344781 are associated with increased cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Meng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizong Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunbiao Ling
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Xian Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Qiu CP, Lv QT, Dongol S, Wang C, Jiang J. Single nucleotide polymorphism of SREBF-1 gene associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer in Chinese women. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90491. [PMID: 24614076 PMCID: PMC3948687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Elevated levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) have been found in endometrial cancer (EC), suggesting that it is essential to the development of EC. Obesity and diabetes have been established as known risk factors of EC, while SREBF-1 gene polymorphisms have also been found to be associated with obesity and type II diabetes. Therefore, we hypothesize that single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in SREBF-1 gene may be associated with increased risk of EC. Method We analyzed the sequence of SREBF-1 in tissue samples from 30 EC cases and 6 benign controls using high throughput method. Based on the primary results, we selected one SNP (rs2297508) as a genetic marker to conduct a hospital-based case-control study with 139 EC cases and 129 benign controls. The samples were examined under the microscope to determine their histopathology prior to the SNP analysis using RT-PCR. Results Through sequence analysis, we found 10 SNPs of SREBF-1 associated with EC, including 3 new SNPs. Fourteen percent of EC showed the rs2297508 SNP with C allele, while only 7% had the C allele was present in benign controls (p = 0.027, OR = 1.983). Additionally, the C allele was associated with cancer differentiation (p<0.05) and the depth of myometrial invasion (p<0.05). Conclusion Our study indicates that SNP (rs2297508) of SREBF-1 may serve as a genetic predisposition factor for the development of EC and screening of such genetic marker may be helpful in its early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ping Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P R China
| | - Qing-Tao Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P R China
| | - Samina Dongol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P R China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P R China
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Wang S, Cao Q, Wang X, Li B, Tang M, Yuan W, Fang J, Qian J, Qin C, Zhang W. PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism contributes to cancer susceptibility: evidence from meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56797. [PMID: 23437240 PMCID: PMC3577655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is expressed in many cancer cell types and allows the modulation of cancer growth, invasion and angiogenesis. To date, studies investigated the association between a functional polymorphism in PAI-1 (4G/5G) and risk of cancer have shown inclusive results. METHODS A meta-analysis based on 25 case-control studies was performed to address this issue. Odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association. The statistical heterogeneity across studies was examined with I(2) test. RESULTS Overall, a significant increased risk of cancer was associated with the PAI-1 4G/4G polymorphism for the allele contrast (4G vs. 5G: OR = 1.10, CI = 1.03-1.18, I(2) = 49.5%), the additive genetic model (4G/4G vs. 5G/5G: OR = 1.21, CI = 1.06-1.39, I(2) = 51.9%), the recessive genetic model (4G/4G vs. 4G/5G+5G/5G: OR = 1.11, CI = 1.04-1.18, I(2) = 20.8%). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the results indicated that individuals with 4G/4G genotype had a significantly higher cancer risk among Caucasians (4G/4G vs. 5G/5G: OR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.09-1.59, I(2) = 59.6%; 4G/4G vs. 4G/5G: OR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.04-1.21, I(2) = 3.6%; recessive model: OR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.05-1.21, I(2) = 25.3%). CONCLUSIONS The results of the present meta-analysis support an association between the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and increasing cancer risk, especially among Caucasians, and those with 4G allele have a high risk to develop colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangqian Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Yangzhou No.1 People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Li
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wanqing Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianzheng Fang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Qian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (WZ); (CQ)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (WZ); (CQ)
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Significantly increased concentration of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor in the blood of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 415:138-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Xu X, Xie Y, Lin Y, Xu X, Zhu Y, Mao Y, Hu Z, Wu J, Chen H, Zheng X, Qin J, Xie L. PAI-1 promoter 4G/5G polymorphism (rs1799768) contributes to tumor susceptibility: Evidence from meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med 2012; 4:1127-1133. [PMID: 23226787 PMCID: PMC3494103 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), belonging to the urokinase plasminogen activation (uPA) system, is involved in cancer development and progression. The PAI-1 promoter 4G/5G polymorphism was shown to contribute to genetic susceptibility to cancer, although the results were inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, a meta-analysis was performed. The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched; data were extracted and analyzed independently by two reviewers. Ultimately, 21 eligible case-control studies with a total of 8,415 cancer cases and 9,208 controls were included. The overall odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) showed a statistically significant association between the PAI-1 promoter 4G/5G polymorphism and cancer risk (4G/4G vs. 5G/5G: OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.07–1.47, Pheterogeneity=0.001; 4G/4G vs. 4G/5G+5G/5G: OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.03–1.17, Pheterogeneity=0.194; 4G/4G+4G/5G vs. 5G/5G: OR=1.17, 95% CI=1.01–1.35, Pheterogeneity=0.041). In further subgroup analyses, the increased risk of cancer was observed in a subgroup of Caucasians with regards to endometrial cancer. Our meta-analysis suggests that the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism most likely contributes to susceptibility to cancer, particularly in Caucasians. Furthermore, the 4G allele may be associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Tee YT, Wang PH, Tsai HT, Lin LY, Lin HT, Yang SF, Hsieh YH, Ying TH. Genetic polymorphism of urokinase-type plasminogen activator is interacting with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 to raise risk of cervical neoplasia. J Surg Oncol 2012; 106:204-8. [PMID: 22354580 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of plasminogen activator (PA) system genes, including urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), uPA receptor (uPAR), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene polymorphisms in patients with the cervical neoplasia. METHODS In total, 336 blood samples were collected from healthy women and 136 patients with cervical neoplasia to analyze the gene polymorphisms of representative PA system genes. RESULTS There was no significant association between cervical neoplasia cases and gene polymorphisms of uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 genes as well as to the carcinogenesis of cervical if the cervical neoplasia cases were stratified to HSILs and invasive cancer cases. However, we found a mutual interaction between uPA/PAI-1 genes, which women carrying the uPA/PAI-1 CC/4G4G allele had a 1.70-fold higher risk (OR = 1.70; 95% CI 1.04-2.79) of cervical neoplasia compared with those carrying the CC/4G5G allele. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with uPA/PAI-1 CC/4G5G allele were in high susceptibility for cervical neoplasia. The combined polymorphism of uPA/PAI-1 might diminish the ability of PAI-1 to inhibiting cervical cancer carcinogenesis when PAI-1 alone as the role of inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Torng Tee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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