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Liu L, Zheng L, Liu S, Zhang M, Zhang S, Jiang Z, Qin C, Wang D. Prognostic Analysis of Prophylactic Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: a Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 27:2297-2307. [PMID: 37715013 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy of prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). METHODS We included 198 patients treated from December 2016 to January 2019; of these patients, the 132 who had clinical T4 gastric cancer were divided into a hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy group (HIPEC group) and a radical gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection group (control group). Because this study was retrospective, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to reduce selectivity bias; we then assessed risk factors for recurrence and compared prognosis in terms of survival in the gastrectomy and prophylactic HIPEC groups. RESULTS Prophylactic HIPEC reduced the risk of postoperative peritoneal metastasis (PM: 27.5% vs. 10.5%, P = 0.015) and did not increase the risk of postoperative complications, but there was no significant difference in the effect on hepatic metastases or other distant metastases. Risk factors for recurrence included pT4 staging and positive lymph node metastases. Both disease-free survival (DFS: HR 0.592; 95% CI 0.354-0.990; P = 0.042) and peritoneal recurrence-free survival (PFS: HR 0.314; 95% CI 0.127-0.774; P = 0.008) were better in the prophylactic HIPEC group than in the gastrectomy-only group. In addition, there was no difference in the prognosis of patients between the two groups of raltitrexed (RT) and paclitaxel (PTX) for perfusion dosing. CONCLUSION Our study showed that prophylactic HIPEC could prevent postoperative PM in patients with AGC and did not increase the incidence of postoperative complications. However, it was not found to be effective in the prevention of other metastases, such as hepatic metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Longbo Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Maoshen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Simeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zinian Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chen Qin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Yu P, Huang X, Huang L, Dai G, Xu Q, Fang J, Ye Z, Chai T, Du Y. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) plus systemic chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy alone in locally advanced gastric cancer after D2 radical resection: a randomized-controlled study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:11491-11498. [PMID: 37392201 PMCID: PMC10465671 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05019-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is a lack of an effective strategy for the prevention of peritoneal metastasis (PM) from locally advanced gastric cancer (AGC). This randomized-controlled study aimed to evaluate the outcome of D2 radical resection with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) plus systemic chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy alone in locally AGC patients. METHODS All enrolled patients were randomly assigned to receive HIPEC plus systemic chemotherapy (HIPEC group) or systemic chemotherapy alone (non-HIPEC group) after radical gastrectomy. HIPEC was performed intraperitoneally with cisplatin (40 mg/m2) within 72 h after surgery, while systemic chemotherapy based on the SOX regimen (S-1 combined with oxaliplatin) was administered 4-6 weeks after radical surgery. Patterns of recurrence, adverse events, 3-year disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 134 patients were enrolled in the present study. The 3-year DFS rate was 73.8% in the HIPEC group, which was significantly higher than that in the non-HIPEC group (61.2%, P = 0.031). The 3-year OS rate was 73.9% in the HIPEC group and 77.6% in the non-HIPEC group, with no significant difference (P = 0.737). PM was the most common distant metastasis in both groups. The occurrence rate of PM in the HIPEC group was statistically lower than that in the non-HIPEC group (20.9% vs. 40.3%, P = 0.015). Grade 3 or 4 adverse events occurred in 19 (14.2%) patients, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION Radical surgery followed by HIPEC combined with systemic chemotherapy is a safe and feasible strategy for locally AGC patients and could effectively improve DFS and reduce the occurrence of PM. However, more prospective randomized studies with a large sample size are warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered with www.medresman.org.cn as ChiCTR2200055966 on 10/12/2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingmao Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaiguo Dai
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingquan Fang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zeyao Ye
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tengjiao Chai
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yian Du
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
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Zheng L, Gan LH, Yao L, Li B, Huang YQ, Zhang FB, Kuang MQ, Fang N. Serum basic fibroblast growth factor and interleukin-1β predict the effect of first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:6083-6090. [PMID: 37731570 PMCID: PMC10507556 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i26.6083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer in China are the second-highest in the world, and most patients with gastric cancer lose their chance of surgery by the time of their diagnosis. AIM To explore the predictive potential of serum basic fibroblast growth factor and interleukin-1β levels for the effect of first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. METHODS From the gastric cancer patients admitted to our hospital from May 2019 to April 2023, 84 patients were selected and randomly and equally assigned to the experimental or control group. The FLOT group received the FLOT chemotherapy regimen (composed of oxaliplatin + calcium folinate + fluorouracil + paclitaxel), while the SOX group received the SOX chemotherapy regimen (composed of oxaliplatin + tiga capsules). The clinical efficacy, tumor marker levels, adverse reactions, and survival rates of the two groups were compared 7 days after the end of the relevant treatments. RESULTS The target effective rate of the FLOT group was 54.76%, which was much higher than that of the SOX group (33.33%; P < 0.05). After treatment, both the groups demonstrated lower levels of cancer antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), and peptide tissue antigen (TPS). For several patients before treatment (P < 0.05). Third and fourth grades. In terms of adverse reactions, the level of white blood cells in both the groups was lower. Moreover, the incidence of hand-foot skin reactions in these two study groups was lower (P < 0.05), while those of peripheral neuritis, vomiting, diarrhea, and abnormal liver function were significant (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was noted between the two groups (P < 0.05). The 1-year survival rate was higher in the FLOT group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The FLOT regimen was effective in reducing the serum CEA, CA199, and TPS levels as well as in improving the 1-year survival rate of patients with good tolerability, making it worthy of clinical promotion and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li-Hong Gan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ling Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ya-Qin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fu-Bao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Meng-Qi Kuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Nian Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330008, Jiangxi Province, China
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Wu Y, Zheng X, Sun C, Wang S, Ding S, Wu M, Zhang J, Wang B, Xue L, Yang L, Tian Y, Xie Y. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer based on laboratory tests is safe: a single Chinese center analysis. BMC Surg 2022; 22:342. [PMID: 36115993 PMCID: PMC9482732 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-022-01795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose About 15%—40% of gastric cancer patients have peritoneal metastasis, which leads to poor prognosis. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is considered to be an effective treatment for these patients. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of HIPEC in patients with gastric cancer diagnosed from laboratory tests. Methods The clinical and pathological data of 63 patients with gastric cancer who underwent HIPEC in 2017–2021 were prospectively recorded. Fifty-five patients underwent cytoreductive surgery + HIPEC, and eight patients received HIPEC alone. The factors associated with HIPEC safety and efficacy were analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Results The average patient age was 54.84 years and 68.3% of patients were male. Moreover, 79.4% of patients had a peritoneal carcinoma index (PCI) score of ≤ 7 and 61.9% had a completeness of cytoreduction score of 0. Because of peritoneal metastasis, 29 patients (46.03%) were classified as stage IV. Laboratory tests showed no differences in pre-HIPEC blood test results compared to post-HIPEC results after removing the effects of surgery. HIPEC treatment did not cause obvious liver or kidney damage. Serum calcium levels decreased significantly after HIPEC (P = 0.0018). The Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score correlated with the patient’s physical function and improved after HIPEC (P = 0.0045). In coagulation tests, FDP (P < 0.0001) and D-dimer (P < 0.0001) levels increased significantly and CA242 (P = 0.0159), CA724 (P < 0.0001), and CEA (P < 0.0014) levels decreased significantly after HIPEC. Completeness of cytoreduction score was an independent prognostic factor. HIPEC did not show a survival benefit in patients with gastric cancer (P = 0.5505). Conclusion HIPEC is a safe treatment for patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis based on the laboratory tests. However, the efficacy of this treatment on gastric-derived peritoneal metastases requires further confirmation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12893-022-01795-6.
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Kunte AR, Parray AM, Bhandare MS, Solanki SL. Role of prophylactic HIPEC in non-metastatic, serosa-invasive gastric cancer: a literature review. Pleura Peritoneum 2022; 7:103-115. [PMID: 36159214 PMCID: PMC9467900 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2022-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (p-HIPEC) in serosa invasive gastric cancers without gross or microscopic peritoneal disease, to reduce the rate of peritoneal relapse is an area of ongoing research. Although p-HIPEC is effective in reducing the rate of peritoneal relapse and improving disease free and overall survival with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, when added to curative surgery in locally advanced, non-metastatic gastric cancers, the available literature is at best, heterogeneous, centre-specific and skewed. Apart from that, variations in the systemic therapy used, and the presence of the associated nodal disease further complicate this picture. To evaluate the role of p-HIPEC the PubMed, Cochrane central register of clinical trials, and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) meeting library were searched with the search terms, “gastric”, “cancer”, “hyperthermic”, “intraperitoneal”, “chemotherapy”, prophylactic”, “HIPEC” in various combinations, and a critical review of the available evidence was done. Although p-HIPEC is a promising therapy in the management of locally advanced gastric cancers, the current evidence is insufficient to recommend its inclusion into routine clinical practice. Future research should be directed towards identification of the appropriate patient subset and towards redefining its role with current peri-operative systemic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya R. Kunte
- Department of Surgical Oncology, GI & HPB Surgery , Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute , Mumbai , India
| | - Aamir M. Parray
- Department of Surgical Oncology, GI & HPB Surgery , Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute , Mumbai , India
| | - Manish S. Bhandare
- Department of Surgical Oncology, GI & HPB Surgery , Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute , Mumbai , India
| | - Sohan Lal Solanki
- Department of Anaesthesiology , Critical Care & Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute , Mumbai , India
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Huang B, Rouvelas I, Nilsson M. Gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer: Risk factors and prophylactic treatments for prevention of peritoneal recurrence after curative intent surgery. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2022; 6:474-485. [PMID: 35847435 PMCID: PMC9271029 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Relapse after curative treatment for advanced gastric cancer, and especially peritoneal recurrence, is very common and has a dismal prognosis. The aim of this review is to summarize existing evidence regarding risk factors and prophylactic treatments intending to prevent peritoneal recurrence. Methods A structured search of relevant studies was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Results The main risk factors identified are advanced pathological T-stage (pT ≥ 3), regional lymph node involvement, diffuse/poorly cohesive type tumor, poorly differentiated cancer, and positive peritoneal wash cytology. Systemic chemotherapy in the perioperative or adjuvant setting improves survival for the patients but despite this peritoneal recurrence remains a common and yet an unsolved clinical problem. Different approaches of intraperitoneal chemotherapy such as hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy have shown promising results as prophylactic treatments aiming to prevent peritoneal recurrence. Conclusion Future studies are warranted to find safe and effective treatments to prevent peritoneal recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Huang
- Department of Upper Abdominal DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Ioannis Rouvelas
- Department of Upper Abdominal DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Division of SurgeryDepartment of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC)Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Magnus Nilsson
- Department of Upper Abdominal DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Division of SurgeryDepartment of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC)Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
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Zhang JF, Lv L, Zhao S, Zhou Q, Jiang CG. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) Combined with Surgery: A 12-Year Meta-Analysis of this Promising Treatment Strategy for Advanced Gastric Cancer at Different Stages. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:3170-3186. [PMID: 35175455 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This meta-analysis was designed to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) combined with surgery for different stages of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) during the last 12 years. METHODS The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched online, and papers were retrieved from other sources. Next, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and high-quality nonrandomized controlled trials (NRCTs) were selected for this analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan5.4 software. RESULT The 10 RCTs and 13 NRCTs selected for the study included 1892 patients. The overall survival rates were higher in the HIPEC group at 1 year (risk ratio [RR], 0.52; P = 0.004) and 3 years (RR, 0.63; P < 0.00001) than in the control group for the patients without peritoneal cancer, and the HIPEC group had a significant reduction in the recurrence rate (RR, 0.60; p < 0.00001). Among the patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), the HIPEC group had significantly higher overall survival rates at 1 year (RR, 0.62; P = 0.00001), 2 years (RR, 0.85; P = 0.002), and 3 years (RR, 0.87; P = 0.0001), with an increase in the overall median survival time of 4.67 months. The two groups showed no statistically significant difference in terms of complications for patients with PC (RR, 1.03; P = 0.93) or without PC (RR, 1.15; P = 0.51). CONCLUSION For local AGC without PC, standard surgery combined with prophylactic HIPEC could prolong survival and reduce the recurrence rate without more complications. The prognosis of this treatment strategy for patients with PC is closely related to patient selection. Complete cytoreduction combined with therapeutic HIPEC could prolong survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ling Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Cheng-Gang Jiang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy may benefit the long-term survival of patients after radical gastric cancer surgery. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2583. [PMID: 35173230 PMCID: PMC8850581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been proven to improve the survival rate of gastric cancer and reduce peritoneal recurrence. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of prophylactic HIPEC after radical gastric cancer surgery in this study. Researchers searched for studies published in PubMed, Embase, Web of science, Scopus, Cochrane, Clinical key databases and Microsoft Academic databases to identify studies that examine the impact of prophylactic HIPEC on the survival, recurrence and adverse events of patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery. RevMan 5.3 was used to analyze the results and risk of bias. The PROSERO registration number is CRD42021262016. This meta-analysis included 22 studies with a total of 2097 patients, 12 of which are RCTs. The results showed that the 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rate was significantly favorable to HIPEC (OR 5.10, 2.07, 1.96 respectively). Compared with the control group, the overall recurrence rate and peritoneal recurrence rate of the HIPEC group were significantly lower (OR 0.41, 0.24 respectively). Significantly favorable to the control group in terms of renal dysfunction and pulmonary dysfunction complications (OR 2.44, 6.03 respectively). Regarding the causes of death due to postoperative recurrence: liver recurrence, lymph node and local recurrence and peritoneal recurrence, the overall effect is not significantly different (OR 0.81, 1.19, 0.37 respectively). 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival follow-up may be incremented by the prophylactic HIPEC, and which reduce the overall recurrence rate and peritoneal recurrence rate. HIPEC may have high-risk of pulmonary dysfunction and renal dysfunction complications. No difference has been found in the deaths due to recurrence after surgery.
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