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Lee YL, Li WC, Tsai TH, Chiang HY, Ting CT. Body mass index and cholesterol level predict surgical outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan - a cohort study. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22948-59. [PMID: 27027345 PMCID: PMC5008414 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Curative surgical resection (CSR) remains the most effective therapeutic intervention for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, frequent post-surgical recurrence leads to high cancer related mortality. This study aimed to clarify the role of body mass index (BMI) and serum cholesterol level in predicting post-surgical outcomes in HCC patients after CSR. A total of 484 HCC patients including 213 BMIhigh and 271 BMIlow patients were included. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were examined in patients with differential BMI and serum cholesterol level. The analysis showed that significant different 1-, 3- and 5-year cumulative OS rates (P-value=0.015) and RFS rate (P-value=0.010) between BMIlow and BMIhigh patients. Further analysis in groups with differential serum cholesterol levels among BMIlow and BMIhigh patients indicated that the BMIlow/Chollow patients exhibited the significant lower cumulative OS and RFS rates in comparison with the remaining subjects (P-value=0.007 and 0.039 for OS and RFS rates, respectively). In conclusion, the coexistence of low BMI and low serum cholesterol level could serve as prognostic factors to predict post-operative outcomes in HCC patients undergoing surgical hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Lee
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Li
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Chiang
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Tsung Ting
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang GQ, Zhu GQ, Liu YL, Wang LR, Braddock M, Zheng MH, Zhou MT. Stratified neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio accurately predict mortality risk in hepatocellular carcinoma patients following curative liver resection. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5429-39. [PMID: 26716411 PMCID: PMC4868696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to predict prognosis of cancers in several studies. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of stratified NLR in patients who have received curative liver resection (CLR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 1659 patients who underwent CLR for suspected HCC between 2007 and 2014 were reviewed. The preoperative NLR was categorized into quartiles based on the quantity of the study population and the distribution of NLR. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and derived by Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were evaluated for association of all independent parameters with disease prognosis. Results Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models showed that the level of NLR (HR = 1.031, 95%CI: 1.002-1.060, P = 0.033), number of nodules (HR = 1.679, 95%CI: 1.285-2.194, P<0.001), portal vein thrombosis (HR = 4.329, 95%CI: 1.968-9.521, P<0.001), microvascular invasion (HR = 2.527, 95%CI: 1.726-3.700, P<0.001) and CTP score (HR = 1.675, 95%CI: 1.153-2.433, P = 0.007) were significant predictors of mortality. From the Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival (OS), each NLR quartile showed a progressively worse OS and apparent separation (log-rank P=0.008). The highest 5-year OS rate following CLR (60%) in HCC patients was observed in quartile 1. In contrast, the lowest 5-year OS rate (27%) was obtained in quartile 4. Conclusions Stratified NLR may predict significantly improved outcomes and strengthen the predictive power for patient responses to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Qian Huang
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.,Renji School of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Gui-Qi Zhu
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.,School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yan-Long Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Li-Ren Wang
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.,School of the First Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Martin Braddock
- Global Medicines Development, AstraZeneca R&D, Alderley Park, United Kingdom
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Liver Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.,Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Meng-Tao Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Negative impact of low body mass index on surgical outcomes after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2011; 19:449-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00534-011-0461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Rashid F, Waraich N, Bhatti I, Saha S, Khan RN, Ahmed J, Leeder PC, Larvin M, Iftikhar SY. A pre-operative elevated neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio does not predict survival from oesophageal cancer resection. World J Surg Oncol 2010; 8:1. [PMID: 20053279 PMCID: PMC2819243 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-8-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated pre-operative neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been identified as a predictor of survival in patients with hepatocellular and colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic value of an elevated preoperative NLR following resection for oesophageal cancer. Methods Patients who underwent resection for oesophageal carcinoma from June 1997 to September 2007 were identified from a local cancer database. Data on demographics, conventional prognostic markers, laboratory analyses including blood count results, and histopathology were collected and analysed. Results A total of 294 patients were identified with a median age at diagnosis of 65.2 (IQR 59-72) years. The median pre-operative time of blood sample collection was three days (IQR 1-8). The median neutrophil count was 64.2 × 10-9/litre, median lymphocyte count 23.9 × 10-9/litre, whilst the NLR was 2.69 (IQR 1.95-4.02). NLR did not prove to be a significant predictor of number of involved lymph nodes (Cox regression, p = 0.754), disease recurrence (p = 0.288) or death (Cox regression, p = 0.374). Furthermore, survival time was not significantly different between patients with high (≥ 3.5) or low (< 3.5) NLR (p = 0.49). Conclusion Preoperative NLR does not appear to offer useful predictive ability for outcome, disease-free and overall survival following oesophageal cancer resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Rashid
- Royal Derby Hospital, Uttoxeter Road, Derby DE22 3NE, UK.
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Sugita S, Sasaki A, Iwaki K, Uchida H, Kai S, Shibata K, Ohta M, Kitano S. Prognosis and postoperative lymphocyte count in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who received intraoperative allogenic blood transfusion: a retrospective study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2007; 34:339-45. [PMID: 17400417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2007.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2006] [Accepted: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The effect of perioperative blood transfusion on the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully investigated. To clarify the prognostic value of intraoperative allogenic blood transfusion, we conducted a comparative retrospective analysis of 224 patients with HCC who underwent hepatic resection. METHODS We compared clinicopathologic background and survival after hepatic resection between patients who received intraoperative blood transfusion (n=101) and those who did not (n=123). RESULTS Patients with blood transfusion had a larger tumor and more frequent vascular invasion than those without blood transfusion. The 5-year cancer-related survival rate after hepatic resection, but not the disease-free survival rate, was significantly lower in patients who underwent blood transfusion than in those who did not (38.3% vs. 66.7%, P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed intraoperative blood transfusion (P=0.02), microscopic portal invasion (P<0.01), and preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein elevation (P=0.03) to be independent risk factors for poor outcome after hepatic resection. The negative effect of blood transfusion on postoperative survival was observed only in patients with a tumor larger than 50mm in diameter. The absolute peripheral blood lymphocyte count on postoperative day 1 was significantly lower in patients who underwent blood transfusion (880/mm(3)) than in those who did not (1081/mm(3)) (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that intraoperative blood transfusion results in immunosuppression in the early postoperative period, allowing for progression of residual HCC after resection. Therefore, intraoperative allogenic blood transfusion should be avoided in patients with resectable HCC, particularly in those with a large tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sugita
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Miyazaki Hospital, 19403-4 Kawaminami-machi, Miyazaki 889-1301, Japan
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Walsh SR, Cook EJ, Goulder F, Justin TA, Keeling NJ. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. J Surg Oncol 2005; 91:181-4. [PMID: 16118772 DOI: 10.1002/jso.20329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 812] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Simple methods to identify colorectal cancer patients at risk of recurrence are needed. This study aimed to determine if neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicts survival in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS Two-hundred thirty patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer over a two-year period were identified from a prospectively maintained colorectal cancer database. NLR was calculated from pre-operative full blood counts. In the case of patients who did not undergo surgery, the full blood count from their out-patient visit was used. Known prognostic factors were recorded. Overall and cancer-specific survival were calculated. RESULTS Pre-operative NLR greater than 5 correlated with overall and cancer-specific survival in univariate analyses. NLR was not independent of Dukes stage. CONCLUSIONS Pre-operative NLR may represent a simple method of identifying colorectal cancer patients with a poor prognosis pre-operatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Walsh
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, West Suffolk Hospital NHS Trust, UK.
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Das SN, Khanna NN, Khanna S. In vivo and in vitro observation of cellular immune parameters in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and its correlation with tumor load and prognosis. Cancer Invest 1986; 4:207-16. [PMID: 3719410 DOI: 10.3109/07357908609018450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro observations of cellular immune response in 70 patients with squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity and in 40 age-matched normal controls, were made using delayed hypersensitivity responses to DNCB, PPD, and Candida albicans extract (Dermatophytin 'O'), absolute lymphocyte counts, absolute T-cell numbers, and PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis reactions as parameters. The results were correlated with clinical stage, tumor size, lymph node involvement, tumor differentiation, lymphoreticular responses, and outcome during a one-year follow-up period. A significant degree of impairment of both in vivo and in vitro parameters was found in oral cancer patients compared to normal control. The impairment was more prominent in advanced stages. Lymph node involvement was associated with impaired dermal hypersensitivity to recall antigens as well as a reduced T-cell population and blastogenic response. Only delayed hypersensitivity response to DNCB, PPD, and Candida showed a correlation with histologic features such as tumor differentiation and lymphoreticular response. Although absolute lymphocyte counts and T-cell population were reduced in the primary stage of the disease, the functional capacity of isolated lymphocytes to undergo blast formation was retained. PHA-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis showed a significant impairment only when the tumor was well established and disseminated beyond its local confines. Delayed hypersensitivity responses to DNCB, higher T-cell counts, and blastogenic indices were associated with recurrence-free survival. Immunologic parameters provide prognostic information beyond the clinical stage of the disease. Therefore, it seems that a multiparametric in vivo and in vitro observation of cellular immune response may be useful as an indicator of clinical course and prognosis of patients with squamous cell cancer of the oral cavity.
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