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KARAMAN ERSOY Ş, TÜTEM E, SÖZGEN BAŞKAN K, APAK R. Preparation and application of caffeic acid imprinted polymer. Turk J Chem 2023; 47:699-714. [PMID: 38174067 PMCID: PMC10760595 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, molecularly imprinted polymers were synthesized using caffeic acid (CA) as a template molecule and then used for the extraction of CA and chlorogenic acid (CLA) from complex matrices. Syntheses were carried out in tetrahydrofuran as porogenic solvent using 4-vinyl pyridine, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, and 1-vinyl imidazole as monomers, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker and 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. In polymerization processes, different ratios of the template:monomer:crosslinker (T:M:CrL) were used to obtain the most suitable polymer. Caffeic acid:4-vinylpiridine:ethylene glycol dimethacrylate's 1:4:16 mole ratio of MIP was determined as the most convenient polymer for CA recognition. In addition, nonimprinted polymers (NIPs) without templates were prepared. Dynamic and static adsorption tests were applied to determine the absorption features of the NIPs and CA-MIPs. Separation and purification studies of CA and CLA were performed with molecular imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) application. All steps of MISPE (loading, washing, elution) were optimized by HPLC analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şeyda KARAMAN ERSOY
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fenerbahçe University, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Esma TÜTEM
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Kevser SÖZGEN BAŞKAN
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Reşat APAK
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul,
Turkiye
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Ankara,
Turkiye
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2
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Characterization and Differentiation of Fresh Orange Juice Variety Based on Conventional Physicochemical Parameters, Flavonoids, and Volatile Compounds Using Chemometrics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196166. [PMID: 36234701 PMCID: PMC9572974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the possibility of differentiating fresh-unprocessed orange juice according to botanical origin (variety), based on the use of conventional physico-chemical parameters, flavonoids, and volatile compounds, in combination with chemometrics. For this purpose, oranges from seven different varieties were collected during the harvest years of 2013−2014 and 2014−2015 from central and southern Greece. The physico-chemical parameters that were determined included: electrical conductivity, acidity, pH, and total soluble solids. The flavonoids: hesperidin, neohespseridin, quercetin, naringin, and naringenin were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD). Finally, volatile compounds were determined using headspace solid-phase micro-extraction in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Statistical treatment of data by multivariate techniques showed that orange juice variety had a significant (p < 0.05) impact on the above analytical parameters. The classification rate for the differentiation of orange juice according to orange variety using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was 89.3%, based on the cross-validation method.
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Cheng H, Chen J, Liu X, Shen Y, Zhang Q. A flower-like ionic molecularly imprinted membrane for the deglycosylation of rutin. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:1047-1055. [PMID: 35705836 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A kind of molecularly imprinted polymer based on ionic liquids (MIPIL) with flower-like shape was developed for the adsorption of rutin and its deglycosylated product. The MIPIL film was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS). The adsorption capacity of quercetin on the proposed imprinted cavity of rutin in the presence of glucose and rhamnose was 3.7 ± 0.017 times as much as that in the absence of glucose and rhamnose. And the adsorption capacity of quercetin varied with the concentration of glucose and rhamnose changing. Thus, the proposed MIPIL film coupled with HPLC was used to explore the deglycosylation of rutin by tracking rutin and quercetin, which confirmed to the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetic with the constant of 0.044 ± 1.5 × 10-4 min-1 at 35 °C. The rutin and quercetin were quantified using the above MIPIL film in the two Ginkgo leaves extracted by pure water and pure ethanol, respectively. Because of lower solubility in water, the content of rutin in ethanol extraction solution was higher than in water solution. On the contrary, the content of quercetin in water extraction solution was higher than in ethanol solution, which resulted from the higher solubility of glucose and rhamnose in water. The RSD ranged from 2.8 to 4.5%, and the recovery rate ranged from 91.9 to 105.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Cheng
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jingqi Chen
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianli Zhang
- School of Chemical Biology and Materials Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China
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4
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Cengiz N, Guclu G, Kelebek H, Capanoglu E, Selli S. Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Detection of Volatile and Off-Odor Compounds in Food Matrices. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:15258-15266. [PMID: 35571784 PMCID: PMC9096822 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic receptors having specific cavities intended for a template molecule with a retention mechanism that depends on molecular recognition of the targeted constituent. They were initially established for the detection of minor molecules including drugs, pesticides, or pollutants. One of the most remarkable areas where MIPs have potential utilization is in food analysis, especially in terms of volatile compounds which are found in very low concentrations in foods but play a crucial role for consumer preference and acceptance. In recent years, these polymers have been used extensively for sensing volatile organic and off-odor compounds in terms of food quality for selective high-extraction purposes. This review first summarizes the basic principles and production processes of MIPs. Second, their recent applications in the separation, identification, and quantification of volatile and off-odor compounds in food samples are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurten Cengiz
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, 01250 Adana, Turkey
| | - Gamze Guclu
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, 01130 Adana, Turkey
| | - Hasim Kelebek
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, 01250 Adana, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Selli
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, 01130 Adana, Turkey
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Purification of Andrographolide Methanolic Extract Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Prepared by Precipitation Polymerization. Sci Pharm 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm90020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) has a specific cavity in which the conformity of shape, size, and functionalities corresponds with its template molecule and has been widely used in separation processes. Therefore, this study aims to examine the application of MIP for the purification of andrographolide. The MIP was synthesized by precipitation polymerization using methacrylic acid (MAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the functional monomer and cross-linker, andrographolide as a template, and acetonitrile:toluene (3:1) as porogen solvent. The results showed that the binding capacity of Synthesized MIP was 1.2486 mg/g, while the particle size was 295.5 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.064. Furthermore, the imprinting and selectivity factors were 1.148 and 12.37, respectively. The purification process by MIP increased the purity from 55.37 ± 0.69 to 94.94% ± 0.34, while the isolate characterization showed that purified andrographolide had a similar character compared to the standard.
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Molecularly imprinted polymers for arbutin and rutin by modified precipitation polymerization and their application for selective extraction of rutin in nutritional supplements. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 205:114294. [PMID: 34375783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for glycosides, arbutin (ARB) and rutin (RUT), were prepared using methacrylamide (MAM) and 4-vinylpyridine (4-VPY) as functional monomers and divinylbenzene as a crosslinker by modified precipitation polymerization. The template molecule, ARB or RUT, was first dissolved in methanol, followed by precipitation polymerization using a mixture of acetonitrile and toluene as a porogenic solvent. The molar ratios of the template molecule, MAM and 4-VPY were optimized to achieve a high molecular recognition ability for ARB and RUT. The retention and molecular recognition properties of these MIPs were evaluated in HILIC or normal-phase mode. With an increase in the acetonitrile content in the mobile phase, the retention factor of ARB or RUT was increased. Furthermore, the MIPs for ARB and RUT showed the highest imprinting factors of 3.65 and 66.5 for the template molecules, respectively. Hydrogen bonding interactions such as N⋯H-O, C=O⋯H-O and NH⋯O-H between 4-VPY or MAM and hydroxy groups of d-glucose or d-rutinose could function in the recognition of a glycone. Furthermore, hydrogen bonding interactions between functional monomers and the hydroxy group(s) of hydroquinone or quercetin could function in the recognition of an aglycone. These results suggest that the MIPs could recognize both a glycone and aglycone via hydrogen bonding interactions. Furthermore, MIPs for RUT were successfully applied to extract RUT in nutritional supplements.
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The Importance of Developing Electrochemical Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for a Rapid Detection of Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030382. [PMID: 33806514 PMCID: PMC8001462 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to pin out the importance of developing a technique for rapid detection of antioxidants, based on molecular imprinting techniques. It covers three major areas that have made great progress over the years in the field of research, namely: antioxidants characterization, molecular imprinting and electrochemistry, alone or combined. It also reveals the importance of bringing these three areas together for a good evaluation of antioxidants in a simple or complex medium, based on selectivity and specificity. Although numerous studies have associated antioxidants with molecular imprinting, or antioxidants with electrochemistry, but even electrochemistry with molecular imprinting to valorize different compounds, the growing prominence of antioxidants in the food, medical, and paramedical sectors deserves to combine the three areas, which may lead to innovative industrial applications with satisfactory results for both manufacturers and consumers.
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Development of an analytical method for the quantitative determination of multi-class nutrients in different food matrices by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using design of experiments. Food Chem 2020; 341:128173. [PMID: 33045585 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A simple and rapid analytical method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with the aid of design of experiments (DOE) approach was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of multi-class nutrients (water- and fat-soluble vitamins and flavonoids) in various food matrices (vegetables, fruits, and cereals). The factors affecting the SPE method were optimized using DOE tools. The separation was achieved in 13 min using the C18 column by gradient LC programme. The SPE-LC-MS/MS method was validated in terms of limit of detection (1.29-29.17 ng/g), linearity range (25-1000 ng/g), coefficient of determination (0.993-0.999) and recovery (72.53-104.24%) for multi-class nutrients in different food samples. Inter- and intra-day precision were evaluated and found to be within acceptable range. The developed method finds extensive application in the routine analysis of multi-class nutrients in various food matrices.
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Preparation of Chitosan Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and the Recognition Mechanism for Adsorption of Alpha-Lipoic Acid. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020312. [PMID: 31940978 PMCID: PMC7024251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two effective molecularly imprinted polymers for the adsorption of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) were synthesized by the cross-linking of chitosan with epichlorohydrin (ECH) and glutaraldehyde (GLU), respectively, in the presence of ALA as template molecules. Investigations on the molar ratios of ALA and chitosan (–NH2) in the preparation of chitosan molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were carried out with a factor of ALA rebinding capabilities. The surface morphology and chemical properties of the polymers were characterized. The optimized MIPs crosslinked by ECH (MIPs–ECH) and MIPs crosslinked by GLU (MIPs–GLU) had adsorption capabilities of 12.09 mg/g and 19.72 mg/g for ALA, respectively. The adsorption behaviors of two kinds of chitosan MIPs including adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated in detail. Adsorption and kinetic binding experiments showed that the prepared MIPs–ECH and MIPs–GLU had selective adsorption and excellent affinity for ALA. In addition, the possible binding models between ALA and chitosan oligosaccharide were predicted by molecular dynamics simulation.
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10
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Xie Z, Chen Y, Zhang L, Hu X. Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer combined with high performance liquid chromatography for selective extraction and determination of the metabolic content of quercetin in rat plasma. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 31:53-71. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1675224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Xie
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanyun Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xujia Hu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Rahimi M, Bahar S, Heydari R, Amininasab SM. Determination of quercetin using a molecularly imprinted polymer as solid-phase microextraction sorbent and high-performance liquid chromatography. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Yuphintharakun N, Nurerk P, Chullasat K, Kanatharana P, Davis F, Sooksawat D, Bunkoed O. A nanocomposite optosensor containing carboxylic functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes and quantum dots incorporated into a molecularly imprinted polymer for highly selective and sensitive detection of ciprofloxacin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 201:382-391. [PMID: 29775931 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A nanocomposite optosensor consisting of carboxylic acid functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes and CdTe quantum dots embedded inside a molecularly imprinted polymer (COOH@MWCNT-MIP-QDs) was developed for trace ciprofloxacin detection. The COOH@MWCNT-MIP-QDs were synthesized through a facile sol-gel process using ciprofloxacin as a template molecule, 3-aminopropylethoxysilane as a functional monomer and tetraethoxysilane as a cross-linker at a molar ratio of 1:8:20. The synthesized nanocomposite optosensor had high sensitivity, excellent specificity and high binding affinity to ciprofloxacin. Under optimal conditions, the fluorescence intensity of the optosensor decreased in a linear fashion with the concentration of ciprofloxacin and two linear dynamic ranges were obtained, 0.10-1.0 μg L-1 and 1.0-100.0 μg L-1 with a very low limit of detection of 0.066 μg L-1. The imprinting factors of the two linear range were 17.67 and 4.28, respectively. The developed nanocomposite fluorescence probe was applied towards the determination of ciprofloxacin levels in chicken muscle and milk samples with satisfactory recoveries being obtained in the range of 82.6 to 98.4%. The results were also in good agreement with a HPLC method which indicates that the optosensor can be used as a sensitive, selective and rapid method to detect ciprofloxacin in chicken and milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naphat Yuphintharakun
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Piyaluk Nurerk
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Kochaporn Chullasat
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Proespichaya Kanatharana
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Frank Davis
- University of Chichester, College Lane, Chichester, West Sussex P019 6PE, UK
| | - Dhassida Sooksawat
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Opas Bunkoed
- Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
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Zengin A, Badak MU, Aktas N. Selective separation and determination of quercetin from red wine by molecularly imprinted nanoparticles coupled with HPLC and ultraviolet detection. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3459-3466. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adem Zengin
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Van Yuzuncu Yil University; Van Turkey
| | - M. Utku Badak
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Van Yuzuncu Yil University; Van Turkey
| | - Nahit Aktas
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Van Yuzuncu Yil University; Van Turkey
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Chmielarz P, Pacześniak T, Rydel-Ciszek K, Zaborniak I, Biedka P, Sobkowiak A. Synthesis of naturally-derived macromolecules through simplified electrochemically mediated ATRP. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:2466-2472. [PMID: 29234473 PMCID: PMC5704770 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The flavonoid-based macroinitiator was received for the first time by the transesterification reaction of quercetin with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide. In accordance with the "grafting from" strategy, a naturally-occurring star-like polymer with a polar 3,3',4',5,6-pentahydroxyflavone core and hydrophobic poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) side arms was synthesized via a simplified electrochemically mediated ATRP (seATRP), utilizing only 78 ppm by weight (wt) of a catalytic CuII complex. To demonstrate the possibility of temporal control, seATRP was carried out utilizing a multiple-step potential electrolysis. The rate of the polymerizations was well-controlled by applying optimal potential values during preparative electrolysis to prevent the possibility of intermolecular coupling of the growing polymer arms. This appears to be the first report using on-demand seATRP for the synthesis of QC-(PtBA-Br)5pseudo-star polymers. The naturally-derived macromolecules showed narrow MWDs (Đ = 1.08-1.11). 1H NMR spectral results confirm the formation of quercetin-based polymers. These new flavonoid-based polymer materials may find applications as antifouling coatings and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Chmielarz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pacześniak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rydel-Ciszek
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Izabela Zaborniak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paulina Biedka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Andrzej Sobkowiak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Trace Trichlorfon and Monocrotophos Residues in Fruits. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-016-0687-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Iben Nasser I, Algieri C, Garofalo A, Drioli E, Ahmed C, Donato L. Hybrid imprinted membranes for selective recognition of quercetin. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Karaman Ersoy Ş, Tütem E, Sözgen Başkan K, Apak R, Nergiz C. Preparation, characterization and usage of molecularly imprinted polymer for the isolation of quercetin from hydrolyzed nettle extract. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1017-1018:89-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Fate of Alicyclobacillus spp. in enrichment broth and in juice concentrates. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 210:73-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Polyanina DA, Beklemishev MK. Molecularly imprinted inorganic supports in high-performance liquid chromatography and solid-phase extraction. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815030156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Wang Q, Zhang X, Xu Z, Gao H. Simultaneous Determination of Three Trace Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables Using Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-0086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Wang N, Liang X, Li Q, Liao Y, Shao S. Nitro-substituted 3,3′-bis(indolyl)methane-modified silica gel as a sorbent for solid-phase extraction of flavonoids. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13861a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An Nbim-modified silica sorbent was synthesized and characterized for extraction of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Shijun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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22
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Whitcombe MJ, Kirsch N, Nicholls IA. Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:297-401. [PMID: 24700625 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, reviews, edited volumes and monographs from this period are included, along with recently identified uncited materials from prior to 2004, which were omitted in the first instalment of this series covering the years 1930-2003. In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by sections describing fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting including the development of novel polymer formats. Thereafter, literature describing efforts to apply these polymeric materials to a range of application areas is presented. Current trends and areas of rapid development are discussed.
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Krňanová J, Denderz N, Lehotay J, Samohýl M. Determination of Some Flavonoids by HPLC Using Quercetin-Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2014.951768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jarmila Krňanová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovak Republic
| | - Natalia Denderz
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jozef Lehotay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Matúš Samohýl
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovak Republic
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Nolvachai Y, Kulsing C, Boysen RI, Hearn MT, Marriott PJ. Miniaturized molecularly imprinted polymer extraction method for the gas chromatographic analysis of flavonoids. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1018-25. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yada Nolvachai
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science; School of Chemistry; Monash University; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Chadin Kulsing
- School of Chemistry; Monash University; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | | | | | - Philip J. Marriott
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science; School of Chemistry; Monash University; Melbourne VIC Australia
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Asghari A, Barfi B, Barfi A, Saeidi I, Ghollasi Moud F, Peyrovi M, Beig Babaei A. Comparison between conventional solid phase extraction and its simplified method for HPLC determination of five flavonoids in orange, tangerine, and lime juice samples. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.26.2014.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Hashim SN, Schwarz LJ, Boysen RI, Yang Y, Danylec B, Hearn MT. Rapid solid-phase extraction and analysis of resveratrol and other polyphenols in red wine. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1313:284-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Jandera P. Advances in the development of organic polymer monolithic columns and their applications in food analysis—A review. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1313:37-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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28
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Vuong QV, Roach PD. Caffeine in Green Tea: Its Removal and Isolation. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2013.771127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pakade V, Cukrowska E, Lindahl S, Turner C, Chimuka L. Molecular imprinted polymer for solid-phase extraction of flavonol aglycones from Moringa oleifera
extracts. J Sep Sci 2012; 36:548-55. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vusumzi Pakade
- Molecular Science Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Ewa Cukrowska
- Molecular Science Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Sofia Lindahl
- Department of Chemistry; Centre for Analysis and Synthesis; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Charlotta Turner
- Department of Chemistry; Centre for Analysis and Synthesis; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - Luke Chimuka
- Molecular Science Institute; School of Chemistry; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
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Nolvachai Y, Marriott PJ. GC for flavonoids analysis: Past, current, and prospective trends. J Sep Sci 2012; 36:20-36. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yada Nolvachai
- Centre for Green Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Monash University; Clayton Australia
| | - Philip J. Marriott
- Centre for Green Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Monash University; Clayton Australia
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Kryvshenko GA, Apel PY, Abramchuk SS, Beklemishev MK. A Highly Permeable Membrane for Separation of Quercetin Obtained by Nickel(II) Ion-Mediated Molecular Imprinting. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2012.659317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dmitrienko SG, Kudrinskaya VA, Apyari VV. Methods of extraction, preconcentration, and determination of quercetin. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193481204003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Santos-Buelga C, Gonzalez-Manzano S, Dueñas M, Gonzalez-Paramas AM. Extraction and isolation of phenolic compounds. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 864:427-464. [PMID: 22367907 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-624-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds constitute a major class of plant secondary metabolites that are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and show a large structural diversity. These compounds occur as aglycones or glycosides, as monomers or constituting highly polymerized structures, or as free or matrix-bound compounds. Furthermore, they are not uniformly distributed in the plant and their stability varies significantly. This greatly complicates their extraction and isolation processes, which means that a single standardized procedure cannot be recommended for all phenolics and/or plant materials; procedures have to be optimized depending on the nature of the sample and the target analytes, and also on the object of the study. In this chapter, the main techniques for sample preparation, and extraction and isolation of phenolic compounds have been reviewed-from classical solvent extraction procedures to more modern approaches, such as the use of molecularly imprinted polymers or counter-current chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Grupo de Investigación de Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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Jing Z, Chao XL, Li C, Xiang XZ, Guang QX, Ming SJ. Separation and determination of trace environmental estrogen through molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2012; 47:1889-1896. [PMID: 22755536 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2012.676438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing demand on the determination of trace environmental estrogen. In this study, a new 17β-estradiol molecularly imprinted polymer was successfully synthesized on the surface of activated silica gel. This prepared molecularly imprinted polymer was characterized, and found to exhibit good recognition, high selectivity, and a rapid adsorption-desorption dynamic toward 17β-estradiol. Using the molecularly imprinted polymer as a sorbent, an effective method of solid phase extraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography for the separation and determination of 17β-estradiol was developed. Under optimal conditions, the detection limit (S/N = 3) of 17β-estradiol was 12.0 ng L(-1). The enrichment factor was 198, and the linear range of the calibration graph was 0.05-300 mg L(-1). Blank water samples spiked with 17β-estradiol at three different levels were analyzed by the developed method to afford recoveries ranging from 82.7% to 103.0%. Moreover, this presented method was applied to the quantitative detection of 17β-estradiol in a polluted water sample with a level of 0.024 mg L(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Abstract
AbstractThis article discusses the preparation of different polymeric sorbents for solid phase extraction. Various monomers like acrylamide, methacrylic acid and 4-vinylpyridine (VP), cross-linkers such as divinylbenzene (DVB) and ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (EDMA), porogens like tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) / acetonitrile (ACN) with different ratios were investigated in order to optimize recoveries. Resulting polymers were characterized through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and compared with Oasis HLB (Waters, MA, USA) and Strata-X (Phenomenex, Torrance, USA) on the basis of extraction performance, recovery efficiency and loading capacity. Sample applied was a mixture of flavonoid standards (rutin, myricetin, luteolin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol). HPLC hyphenated with PDA was used for the analysis of samples. Results showed that among the prepared SPE materials, 4-VP-co-EDMA produced best results. Comparison of the produced polymers with of Oasis HLB and Strata-X resulted in comparable efficiencies; especially the polymer 4-VP-co-EDMA gave almost similar results for all analytes to those of commercially available SPE materials. A general trend of decrease in retention efficiency with increase in polarity has been observed in both synthesized and already available SPE materials. The newly synthesized polymeric materials can be employed as SPE sorbents for efficient extraction of polyphenolic compounds especially for flavonoid aglycons.
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37
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Peng L, Wang Y, Zeng H, Yuan Y. Molecularly imprinted polymer for solid-phase extraction of rutin in complicated traditional Chinese medicines. Analyst 2011; 136:756-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00798f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Augusto F, Carasek E, Silva RGC, Rivellino SR, Batista AD, Martendal E. New sorbents for extraction and microextraction techniques. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:2533-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gam-Derouich S, Ngoc Nguyen M, Madani A, Maouche N, Lang P, Perruchot C, Chehimi MM. Aryl diazonium salt surface chemistry and ATRP for the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymer grafts on gold substrates. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Haginaka J. Molecularly imprinted polymers as affinity-based separation media for sample preparation. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1548-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Biesaga M, Pyrzynska K. Analytical Procedures for Determination of Quercetin and its Glycosides in Plant Material. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10408340902820718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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43
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Lasáková M, Jandera P. Molecularly imprinted polymers and their application in solid phase extraction. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:799-812. [PMID: 19219838 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Solid phase extraction is routinely used in many different areas of analytical chemistry. Some of the main fields are environmental, biological, and food chemistry, where cleaning and pre-concentration of the sample are important steps in the analytical protocol. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have attracted attention because they show promise as compound-selective or group-selective media. The application of these synthetic polymers as sorbents allows not only pre-concentration and cleaning of the sample but also selective extraction of the target analyte, which is important, particularly when the sample is complex and impurities can interfere with quantification. This review surveys the selectivity of MIPs in solid phase extraction of various kinds of analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lasáková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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44
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Study on an on-line molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography for separation and determination of trace estrone in environment. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 393:1273-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2008] [Revised: 11/16/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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45
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Alexiadou DK, Maragou NC, Thomaidis NS, Theodoridis GA, Koupparis MA. Molecularly imprinted polymers for bisphenol A for HPLC and SPE from water and milk. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2272-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Wang S, Xu Z, Fang G, Zhang Y, He J. Separation and determination of estrone in environmental and drinking water using molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction coupled with HPLC. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:1181-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Stalikas CD. Extraction, separation, and detection methods for phenolic acids and flavonoids. J Sep Sci 2008; 30:3268-95. [PMID: 18069740 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The impetus for developing analytical methods for phenolic compounds in natural products has proved to be multifaceted. Hundreds of publications on the analysis of this category of compounds have appeared over the past two decades. Traditional and more advanced techniques have come to prominence for sample preparation, separation, detection, and identification. This review provides an updated and extensive overview of methods and their applications in natural product matrices and samples of biological origin. In addition, it critically appraises recent developments and trends, and provides selected representative bibliographic examples.
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Gattuso G, Barreca D, Gargiulli C, Leuzzi U, Caristi C. Flavonoid composition of Citrus juices. Molecules 2007; 12:1641-73. [PMID: 17960080 PMCID: PMC6149096 DOI: 10.3390/12081641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2007] [Revised: 07/30/2006] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the early nineties the presence of flavonoids in Citrus juices began to attract the attention of a number of researchers, as a result of their biological and physiological importance. This short review will explore two different aspects. The first part will focus on analytical techniques for the characterization of juices from different Citrus fruits regarding their flavonoid content (even if present in only trace amounts), concentrating on the most widely used methods (LC-MS and LC-MS-MS). The second part analyzes data reported in the literature regarding the composition of Citrus juices. The main components that have been detected so far are flavanone-O-glycosides and flavone-O- or -C-glycosides. The presence of such derivatives in various hand-squeezed and industrial juices is discussed, with special emphasis on their correlation to different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gattuso
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica, Università di Messina, Salita Sperone 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; E-mails: ; ;
| | | | | | | | - Corrado Caristi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biologica, Università di Messina, Salita Sperone 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; E-mails: ; ;
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Puoci F, Cirillo G, Curcio M, Iemma F, Spizzirri UG, Picci N. Molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction for the selective HPLC determination of α-tocopherol in bay leaves. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 593:164-70. [PMID: 17543603 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new sorbent for molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) was synthesized to extract and purify alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TP) from vegetable sources. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) were synthesized using methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as crosslinking agent using a photo-polymerization procedure. A thermo-polymerization was also performed but no imprinting effect in the resulting materials was raised. The proposed MISPE protocol could overcome the drawback of traditional detection methods, which require pre-treatments of the samples. The possibility to obtain the selective recognition of alpha-TP from natural samples in aqueous mixtures represents one of the main advantages of our materials. Our procedure involves the direct HPLC injection of eluate without any treatment and above all the use of no toxic and biocompatible organic solvents. After the evaluation of the selectivity of the alpha-TP imprinted polymers, the performance of these materials as solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents was investigated. Our MISPE-HPLC procedure has a high sensitivity, LOD and LOQ were 3.49x10(-7) and 1.16x10(-6) mol L(-1), respectively, as well as good precision (intraday precision below 3.3% and interday precisions below 6.5%) and recovery (60%). Thus, it can be successfully used for the purification of alpha-TP from bay leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Puoci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende (CS) 87036, Italy.
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