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Amalia S, Angga SC, Iftitah ED, Septiana D, Anggraeny BOD, Warsito, Hasanah AN, Sabarudin A. Immobilization of trypsin onto porous methacrylate-based monolith for flow-through protein digestion and its potential application to chiral separation using liquid chromatography. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07707. [PMID: 34401587 PMCID: PMC8350527 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Monolithic columns for analytical applications have attracted the researcher's attention. In this work, the laboratory-made organic-polymer monolithic column is modified with trypsin and further applied as a nanobiocatalyst microreactor and a stationary phase for separating chiral compounds by liquid chromatography. The monolith was synthesized by in-situ copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) or trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) as a crosslinking agent, with porogen of 1,4-butanediol/propanol/water (4:7:1 v/v) and AIBN as the radical polymerization initiator inside PEEK and silicosteel tubings (1.0 mm i.d × 100 mm) at 60 °C for 12 h. A total monomer ratio (%T) and crosslinking agent (%C) of 40:25 and 28:12 were applied to prepare poly-(GMA-co-EDMA) and poly-(GMA-co-TRIM), respectively. The produced monoliths were further modified by introducing trypsin (10 mg/L) through the ring-opening reaction of the epoxide group existing in the monolithic column. The trypsin-immobilized poly-(GMA-co-EDMA) monolithic column was applied as the nanobiocatalyst microreactor for online/flow-through and rapid digestion of β-casein sample into its peptide fragments. The trypsin-immobilized poly-(GMA-co-TRIM) column has potential application to be used as the HPLC stationary phase for the separation of R/S-citronellal enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suci Amalia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65154, Indonesia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Maulana Malik Ibrahim Islamic State University, Malang, 65144, Indonesia
| | - Stevin Carolius Angga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65154, Indonesia
| | - Elvina Dhiaul Iftitah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65154, Indonesia
| | - Dias Septiana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65154, Indonesia
| | | | - Warsito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65154, Indonesia
| | - Aliya Nur Hasanah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Akhmad Sabarudin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65154, Indonesia.,Research Center for Advanced System and Material Technology (ASMAT), Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
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Kjellander M, Billinger E, Ramachandraiah H, Boman M, Bergström Lind S, Johansson G. A flow-through nanoporous alumina trypsin bioreactor for mass spectrometry peptide fingerprinting. J Proteomics 2018; 172:165-172. [PMID: 28942014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics benefits from efficient digestion of protein samples. In this study, trypsin was immobilized on nanoporous anodized alumina membranes to create an enzyme reactor suitable for peptide mass fingerprinting. The membranes were derivatized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and the amino groups were activated with carbonyldiimidazole to allow coupling of porcine trypsin via ε-amino groups. The function was assessed using the artificial substrate Nα-Benzoyl-L-arginine 4-nitroanilide hydrochloride, bovine ribonuclease A and a human plasma sample. A 10-membrane flow-through reactor was used for fragmentation and MS analysis after a single pass of substrate both by collection of product and subsequent off-line analysis, and by coupling on-line to the instrument. The peptide pattern allowed correct identification of the single target protein in both cases, and of >70 plasma proteins in single pass mode followed by LC-MS analysis. The reactor retained 76% of the initial activity after 14days of storage and repeated use at room temperature. SIGNIFICANCE This manuscript describes the design of a stable enzyme reactor that allows efficient and fast digestion with negligible leakage of enzyme and enzyme fragments. The high stability facilitates the use in an online-setup with MS detection since it allows the processing of multiple samples within an extended period of time without replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Kjellander
- Dept. of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, BMC, Husargatan 3, Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erika Billinger
- Dept. of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, BMC, Husargatan 3, Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Harisha Ramachandraiah
- Dept. of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, BMC, Husargatan 3, Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Boman
- Dept. of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Ångströmlaboratoriet, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, Box 538, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Bergström Lind
- Dept. of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Johansson
- Dept. of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, BMC, Husargatan 3, Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Electrochemical Measurements of Glucose Using a Micro Flow-Through Immobilized Enzyme Reactor. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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4
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Preparation and evaluation of dual-enzyme microreactor with co-immobilized trypsin and chymotrypsin. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1440:45-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kumari S, Chauhan GS, Ahn JH, Reddy NS. Bio-waste derived dialdehyde cellulose ethers as supports for α-chymotrypsin immobilization. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 85:227-37. [PMID: 26723248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization is an important technique to enhance stability, storability and reusability of enzymes. In the present work, pine needles, a forest bio-waste, were used as a feedstock of cellulose to synthesize new materials as supports for immobilization of α-chymotrypsin (CT) enzyme. The extracted cellulose from pine needles was etherified with different alkyl bromides (RBr) and etherified products were further modified to dialdehyde via oxidation with NaIO4 to get the desired products, dialdehyde cellulose ethers (ROcellCHO). CT was then covalently immobilized onto as-synthesized dialdehyde cellulose ethers via Schiff-base formation, i.e., imine linkage. The synthesized products and enzyme immobilization were confirmed by different characterization techniques and the activity assay of the free and the immobilized CT was carried out using standard protocol with variation of different parameters such as temperature, pH and substrate concentration. The storage stability and reusability of the immobilized CT were also investigated. CT activity was also studied in simulated physiological conditions in the artificial gastric fluid and artificial intestinal fluid. Artificial neural network (ANN) model was employed to correlate the relationship with% relative activity and time, temperature and pH affecting enzyme activity. A good correlation of experimental data was predicted by ANN model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapana Kumari
- Himachal Pradesh University, Department of Chemistry, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005 Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ghanshyam S Chauhan
- Himachal Pradesh University, Department of Chemistry, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005 Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Jou-Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Research Institute for Green Energy Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - N S Reddy
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 900 Gajwa-Dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
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Derr L, Steckbeck S, Dringen R, Colombi Ciacchi L, Treccani L, Rezwan K. Assessment of the Proteolytic Activity of α-Chymotrypsin Immobilized on Colloidal Particles by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2014.951449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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A simple MALDI plate functionalization by Vmh2 hydrophobin for serial multi-enzymatic protein digestions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:487-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hustoft HK, Brandtzaeg OK, Rogeberg M, Misaghian D, Torsetnes SB, Greibrokk T, Reubsaet L, Wilson SR, Lundanes E. Integrated enzyme reactor and high resolving chromatography in "sub-chip" dimensions for sensitive protein mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3511. [PMID: 24336509 PMCID: PMC3863811 DOI: 10.1038/srep03511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable, sensitive and automatable analytical methodology is of great value in e.g. cancer diagnostics. In this context, an on-line system for enzymatic cleavage of proteins, subsequent peptide separation by liquid chromatography (LC) with mass spectrometric detection has been developed using "sub-chip" columns (10-20 μm inner diameter, ID). The system could detect attomole amounts of isolated cancer biomarker progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), in a more automatable fashion compared to previous methods. The workflow combines protein digestion using an 20 μm ID immobilized trypsin reactor with a polymeric layer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-vinyl azlactone (HEMA-VDM), desalting on a polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) monolithic trap column, and subsequent separation of resulting peptides on a 10 μm ID (PS-DVB) porous layer open tubular (PLOT) column. The high resolution of the PLOT columns was maintained in the on-line system, resulting in narrow chromatographic peaks of 3-5 seconds. The trypsin reactors provided repeatable performance and were compatible with long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Kolsrud Hustoft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Magnus Rogeberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Dorna Misaghian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje Bøen Torsetnes
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tyge Greibrokk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Léon Reubsaet
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Post Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Steven Ray Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Elsa Lundanes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Post Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
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Vlakh EG, Tennikova TB. Flow-through immobilized enzyme reactors based on monoliths: II. Kinetics study and application. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1149-67. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201201090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia G. Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry; Saint-Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Tatiana B. Tennikova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry; Saint-Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
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Switzar L, Giera M, Niessen WMA. Protein Digestion: An Overview of the Available Techniques and Recent Developments. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:1067-77. [DOI: 10.1021/pr301201x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Switzar
- AIMMS Division of BioMolecular
Analysis, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Division of Molecular Cell Physiology,
Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry
Unit, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfried M. A. Niessen
- AIMMS Division of BioMolecular
Analysis, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- hyphen MassSpec, de Wetstraat 8, 2332 XT Leiden, The Netherlands
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Yamaguchi H, Miyazaki M. Enzyme-immobilized reactors for rapid and efficient sample preparation in MS-based proteomic studies. Proteomics 2013; 13:457-66. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Liberal Arts Education Center; Tokai University; Minamiaso Kumamoto Japan
| | - Masaya Miyazaki
- Measurement Solution Research Center; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Tosu Saga Japan
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science; Kyushu University; Kasuga Fukuoka Japan
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12
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Vlakh EG, Tennikova TB. Flow-through immobilized enzyme reactors based on monoliths: I. Preparation of heterogeneous biocatalysts. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:110-27. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia G. Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry; Saint-Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Tatiana B. Tennikova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; St. Petersburg Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry; Saint-Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg Russia
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Ahn J, Jung MC, Wyndham K, Yu YQ, Engen JR. Pepsin immobilized on high-strength hybrid particles for continuous flow online digestion at 10,000 psi. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7256-62. [PMID: 22856522 DOI: 10.1021/ac301749h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pepsin was immobilized on ethyl-bridged hybrid (BEH) particles, and digestion performance was evaluated in a completely online format, with the specific intent of using the particles for hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX MS) experiments. Because the BEH particles are mechanically strong, they could withstand prolonged, continuous high-pressure at 10,000 psi. Online digestion was performed under isobaric conditions with continuous solvent flow, in contrast to other approaches where the pressure or flow is cycled. As expected, digestion efficiency at 10,000 psi was increased and reproducibly produced more peptic peptides versus digestion at 1000 psi. Prototype columns made with the BEH pepsin particles exhibited robust performance, and deuterium back-exchange was similar to that of other immobilized pepsin particles. These particles can be easily incorporated in existing HDX MS workflows to provide more peptide coverage in experiments where fast, efficient, and reproducible online pepsin digestion is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joomi Ahn
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Çelebi B, Bayraktar A, Tuncel A. Synthesis of a monolithic, micro-immobilised enzyme reactor via click-chemistry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:2655-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Chen Q, Liu T, Chen G. Highly efficient proteolysis accelerated by electromagnetic waves for Peptide mapping. Curr Genomics 2011; 12:380-90. [PMID: 22379392 PMCID: PMC3178907 DOI: 10.2174/138920211797248583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteomics will contribute greatly to the understanding of gene functions in the post-genomic era. In proteome research, protein digestion is a key procedure prior to mass spectrometry identification. During the past decade, a variety of electromagnetic waves have been employed to accelerate proteolysis. This review focuses on the recent advances and the key strategies of these novel proteolysis approaches for digesting and identifying proteins. The subjects covered include microwave-accelerated protein digestion, infrared-assisted proteolysis, ultraviolet-enhanced protein digestion, laser-assisted proteolysis, and future prospects. It is expected that these novel proteolysis strategies accelerated by various electromagnetic waves will become powerful tools in proteome research and will find wide applications in high throughput protein digestion and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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Maksimova E, Vlakh E, Tennikova T. Methacrylate-based monolithic layers for planar chromatography of polymers. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2425-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Ponomareva E, Kartuzova V, Vlakh E, Tennikova T. Monolithic bioreactors: Effect of chymotrypsin immobilization on its biocatalytic properties. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:567-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 12/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Monolith enzymatic microreactor at the frontier of glycomic toward a new route for the production of bioactive oligosaccharides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Sustrova B, Novotna L, Kucerova Z, Ticha M. Immobilization of α-chymotrypsin to magnetic particles and their use for proteolytic cleavage of porcine pepsin A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Sproß J, Sinz A. Immobilized monolithic enzyme reactors for application in proteomics and pharmaceutics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 395:1583-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Temporini C, Calleri E, Cabrera K, Felix G, Massolini G. On-line multi-enzymatic approach for improved sequence coverage in protein analysis. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1120-8. [PMID: 19301325 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The development of a new mixed bioreactor for proteomic studies based on trypsin and chymotrypsin is described. Trypsin and chymotrypsin were simultaneously bonded to an epoxy monolithic silica column (100 mmx4.6 mm id) in a one-step reaction via epoxy-groups. In order to compare the catalytic properties of the two enzymes in the isolated and in the multi-enzymatic approach, two other single enzyme bioreactors based on trypsin and chymotrypsin were prepared following the same immobilization protocol. The kinetic parameters of the multi-enzymatic bioreactor were derived and it was demonstrated that it retains the individual catalytic activity of the two enzymes. To prove the power of this experimental approach the new mixed bioreactor was integrated in an LC-ESI-MS/MS system for digestion, enrichment, separation and identification of the test protein insulin-like growth factor binding-protein 1 (IGFBP-1). The peptide map and protein sequence coverage obtained with the three bioreactors were compared. The results clearly indicate that the proposed multi-enzyme approach can reduce both digestion and analysis time, accelerate data interpretation and increase the confidence degree in protein identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Temporini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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22
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Lin W, Skinner CD. Design and optimization of porous polymer enzymatic digestors for proteomics. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:2642-52. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Krenkova J, Svec F. Less common applications of monoliths: IV. Recent developments in immobilized enzyme reactors for proteomics and biotechnology. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:706-18. [PMID: 19194973 PMCID: PMC2766777 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Use of monolithic supports for enzyme immobilization has rapidly expanded since we published the preceding paper in the series of articles concerned with this topic almost three years ago. Many groups worldwide have realized the benefits of applying monoliths as support structures and used a variety of techniques to immobilize many different enzymes. Although some of these new developments are just refinements of the methods developed previously, some notable new approaches have also been reported. This review summarizes the literature published since 2006 and demonstrates the broad variability of reactive monoliths prepared from silica as well as from organic polymers in the form of disks, columns, and capillaries. All these monoliths were prepared by direct formation from reactive precursors or activation of preformed inactive structures. Interestingly, most of the applications of monolithic enzyme reactors target proteolytic digestion of proteins for proteomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Krenkova
- The Molecular Foundry, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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SAKAI-KATO K, ISHIKURA K. Integration of Biomolecules into Analytical Systems by Means of Silica Sol-Gel Technology. ANAL SCI 2009; 25:969-78. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.25.969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Keiko ISHIKURA
- Division of Drugs, National Institute of Health Sciences
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25
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Wang S, Liu T, Zhang L, Chen G. Efficient Chymotryptic Proteolysis Enhanced by Infrared Radiation for Peptide Mapping. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:5049-54. [DOI: 10.1021/pr800476s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Luyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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26
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Nie YL, Wang WH. Immobilized Enzyme Reactor in On-line LC and Its Application in Drug Screening. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0791-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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27
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Production of oligoglucuronans using a monolithic enzymatic microreactor. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:2687-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2008] [Revised: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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