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Zadmard R, Hokmabadi F, Jalali MR, Akbarzadeh A. Recent progress to construct calixarene-based polymers using covalent bonds: synthesis and applications. RSC Adv 2020; 10:32690-32722. [PMID: 35516464 PMCID: PMC9056661 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05707j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of supramolecular chemistry and polymer sciences creates a great possibility to afford calixarene-based polymers offering unique features and applications. The enhancement of calixarene's versatility in this manner has made chemists better able to achieve different objectives in host-guest chemistry. The calixarene-based polymers can be divided into covalent polymers and supramolecular polymers regarding the interactions. Although there are several studies available on the calixarene-based supramolecular polymers, there is a paucity of studies on the calixarene-based covalent polymers. In this paper, the most recent developments and applications of the calixarene-based covalent polymers in the last two decades have been reviewed. We have particularly focused on the polymers, including those where the calixarene molecules have been used as macromonomers and polymerize through covalent bonds. Moreover, covalent polymers or solid supports functionalized with calixarenes are highlighted as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zadmard
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Akbarzadeh
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran Iran
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Sun T, Qi L, Li W, Li Y, Shuai X, Cai Z, Chen H, Qiao X, Ma L. Amphiphilic calix[4]arenes as a highly selective gas chromatographic stationary phase for aromatic amine isomers. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1601:310-318. [PMID: 31054832 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Efficient separation of aromatic amine isomers is a challenging issue in chemical industry and environmental analysis. Here we report the use of p-amino-tetradecyloxy-calix[4]arene (C4A-NH2) as a novel stationary phase for gas chromatographic (GC) separations. The statically coated C4A-NH2 capillary column showed a high column efficiency of 4332 plates/m for a 0.25 mm ID column and medium polarity. The C4A-NH2 stationary phase exhibited an excellent separation performance both for aromatic amine isomers and a complex mixture of aliphatic analytes with a wide ranging polarity, showing distinct advantages over the commercial polysiloxane stationary phases via diversified molecular interactions covering H-bonding, π-π, van der Waals interactions and shape-fitting selectivity. The retention mechanisms of aromatic amine isomers on C4A-NH2 column were further investigated by quantum chemistry calculations. In addition, the C4A-NH2 column showed good column repeatability with relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 0.03%-0.07% for run-to-run, 0.10%-0.27% for day-to-day and 2.6%-5.7% for column-to-column, respectively, and thermal stability up to 240℃.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China.
| | - Liran Qi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China
| | - Weiwei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Shuai
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Cai
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Haipeng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China; Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and Application, School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Lufang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, PR China
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Zhao W, Lou X, Guo J, Sun P, Jia Y, Zheng L, He L, Zhang S. Investigation of the chromatographic regulation properties of benzyl groups attached to bridging nitrogen atoms in a calixtriazine-bonded stationary phase. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2110-2118. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Henan University of Technology; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Xuhua Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Henan University of Technology; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Jizhao Guo
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Peijian Sun
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Yunzhen Jia
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Limei Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Henan University of Technology; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Henan University of Technology; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
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Herbert SA, van Laeren LJ, Castell DC, Arnott GE. Inherently chiral calix[4]arenes via oxazoline directed ortholithiation: synthesis and probe of chiral space. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2751-5. [PMID: 25550740 PMCID: PMC4273304 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The diastereoselective oxazoline-directed lithiation of calix[4]arenes is reported with diastereoselective ratios of greater than 100:1 in some instances. Notably, it has been found that the opposite diastereomer can be accessed via this approach merely through the choice of an alkyllithium reagent. The inherently chiral oxazoline calix[4]arenes have also been preliminarily examined as ligands in the palladium-catalyzed Tsuji–Trost allylation reaction, returning results comparable to their planar chiral ferrocene counterparts pointing towards future application of these types of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon A Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Laura J van Laeren
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Dominic C Castell
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Gareth E Arnott
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
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5
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Liquid chromatographic behavior of two alanine-substituted calix[4]arene-bonded silica gel stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3268-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Śliwka-Kaszyńska M, Ślebioda M. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as test probes to investigate the retention behavior of 1,3-alternate
calix[4]arene silica-bonded stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:543-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hu K, Zhang Y, Liu J, Chen K, Zhao W, Zhu W, Song Z, Ye B, Zhang S. Development and application of a new 25,27-bis
(
l
-phenylalaninemethylester-N
-carbonylmethoxy)-26,28-dihydroxy-para
-tert
-butylcalix[4]arene stationary phase. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:445-53. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Revised: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Yanhao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Junwei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Kangkang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Henan University of Technology; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Weixia Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
- Center of Technology; Henan Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Song
- Institute of Henan Veterinary Drug Control; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Baoxian Ye
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
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Zhao W, Wang W, Chang H, Cui S, Hu K, He L, Lu K, Liu J, Wu Y, Qian J, Zhang S. Tetraazacalix[2]arene[2]triazine modified silica gel: A novel multi-interaction stationary phase for mixed-mode chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1251:74-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Barski P, Kowalczyk J, Lindstaedt A, Puzewicz-Barska J, Witt D. Evaluation of solid phase extraction for downstream separation of propane-1,3-diol and butan-1-ol from fermentation broth. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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New oxo-bridged calix[2]arene[2]triazine stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1223:72-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Hu K, Yu A, Zhang J, Wen F, Liang S, Zhao X, Ye B, Wu Y, Zhang S. Development of Three End-Capped Para-Benzoyl Calix[4,6, or 8]arene Bonded Stationary Phases for HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 50:123-30. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmr041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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12
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Hu K, Liu J, Tang C, Wang C, Yu A, Wen F, Zhao W, Ye B, Wu Y, Zhang S. Preparation, characterization and application of a new 25,27-bis-[2-(5-methylthiadiazole)thioethoxyl]-26,28-dihydroxy-para-tert-butyl calix[4]arene stationary phase for HPLC. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:239-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Hu K, Zhao W, Wen F, Liu J, Zhao X, Xu Z, Niu B, Ye B, Wu Y, Zhang S. Investigation on the preparation and chromatographic behavior of a new para-tert-butylcalix[4]arene-1,2-crown-4 stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta 2011; 85:317-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Schneider C, Jira T. Selectivity of calixarene-bonded silica phases in HPLC: Description of special characteristics with a multiple term linear equation at different methanol concentrations. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2943-55. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Schneider C, Menyes U, Jira T. Characterization of calixarene-bonded stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2930-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Characterization of 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene-silica bonded stationary phases and their comparison to selected commercial columns by using principal component analysis. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:329-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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