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Ianni F, Carotti A, Protti M, Favilli A, Gerli S, Furlanetto S, Mercolini L, Sardella R. Chiral high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of mono-, di-, and triacylglycerols with amylose- and cellulose-phenylcarbamate-based stationary phases. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115720. [PMID: 37729743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing technological advancement in the (ultra)high-performance liquid chromatography tandem (high-resolution) mass spectrometry platforms have largely contributed to steeply intensify the interest towards lipidomics research. However, mass spectrometers alone are unable to distinguish between enantiomers. This obstacle is especially evident in the case of glycerolipids analysis due the prochiral nature of glycerol. Until a couple of decades ago, the stereoselective analysis of triacylglycerols (TAGs) was performed on the end products generated either from their enzymatic or chemical hydrolysis, namely on mono- or diacyl-sn-glycerols (MAGs and DAGs, respectively). These were then mostly analyzed with Pirkle-type chiral stationary phases (CSPs) after dedicated multi-step derivatization procedures. One of the most significant drawbacks of these traditional methods for enantioselective TAGs analysis (actually of the produced MAGs and DAGs, often investigated as target species per se) was the difficulty to totally abolish the migration of fatty acyls between glycerol positions. This made difficult to control and keep unaltered the stereochemistry of the original molecules. Over the last two decades, it has been widely demonstrated that the enantioselective analysis of intact TAGs as well as of non-derivatized MAGs and DAGs can be efficiently obtained using polysaccharide-based CSPs incorporating either amylose- or cellulose-phenylcarbamate derivatives chiral selectors. In this paper, the enantioselective methods developed with these CSPs for the enantioselective direct LC analysis of MAGs, DAGs and TAGs embedding different types of fatty acid residues are comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ianni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Carotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Protti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Favilli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sandro Gerli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy; Center for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sandra Furlanetto
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Mercolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Roccaldo Sardella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy; Center for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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2
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Kozlov O, Horáková E, Rademacherová S, Maliňák D, Andrýs R, Prchalová E, Lísa M. Direct Chiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Monoacylglycerol and Diacylglycerol Isomers for the Study of Lipase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Triacylglycerols. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5109-5116. [PMID: 36893116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The fast and selective separation method of intact monoacylglycerol (MG) and diacylglycerol (DG) isomers using chiral supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SFC-MS) was developed and employed to study lipase selectivity in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols (TGs). The synthesis of 28 enantiomerically pure MG and DG isomers was performed in the first stage using the most commonly occurring fatty acids in biological samples such as palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, and docosahexaenoic acids. To develop the SFC separation method, different chromatographic conditions such as column chemistry, mobile phase composition and gradient, flow rate, backpressure, and temperature were carefully assessed. Our SFC-MS method used a chiral column based on a tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) derivative of amylose and neat methanol as a mobile phase modifier, which provides baseline separation of all the tested enantiomers in 5 min. This method was used to evaluate hydrolysis selectivity of lipases from porcine pancreas (PPL) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL) using nine TGs differing in acyl chain length (14-22 carbon atoms) and number of double bonds (0-6) and three DG regioisomer/enantiomers as hydrolysis intermediate products. PFL exhibited preference of the fatty acyl hydrolysis from the sn-1 position of TG more pronounced for the substrates with long polyunsaturated acyls, while PPL did not show considerable stereoselectivity to TGs. Conversely, PPL preferred hydrolysis from the sn-1 position of prochiral sn-1,3-DG regioisomer, whereas PFL exhibited no preference. Both lipases showed selectivity for the hydrolysis of outer positions of DG enantiomers. The results show complex reaction kinetics of lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis given by different stereoselectivities for substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Kozlov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Horáková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Sára Rademacherová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Dávid Maliňák
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Andrýs
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Prchalová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Lísa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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3
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Lipase and Its Unique Selectivity: A Mini-Review. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7609019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Contrary to other solid catalysts, enzymes facilitate more sophisticated chemical reactions because most enzymes specifically interact with substrates and release selective products. Lipases (triacylglycerol hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3), which can catalyze the cleavage and formation of various acyl compounds, are one of the best examples of enzymes with a unique substrate selectivity. There are already several commercialized lipases that have become important tools for various lipid-related studies, although there is still a need to discover novel lipases with unique substrate selectivity to facilitate more innovative reactions in human applications such as household care, cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceuticals. In this mini-review, we focus on concisely demonstrating not only the general information of lipases but also their substate selectivities: typoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity. We highlight the essential studies on selective lipases in terms of enzymology. Furthermore, we introduce several examples of analysis methodology and experimental requirements to determine each selectivity of lipases. This work would stress the importance of integrating our understanding of lipase chemistry to make further advances in the relevant fields.
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Champion WL, Watts WL, Umstead WJ. The separation of several organophosphate pesticides on immobilized polysaccharide chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2022; 34:1078-1093. [PMID: 35642080 PMCID: PMC9544164 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While not initially a focus or priority, in recent decades, an emphasis has been placed on the activity of individual enantiomers of widely used pesticides. Of particular note are organophosphorus-based pesticides like fenamiphos and profenofos, as examples. This work explores the enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separations of seven such organophosphorus pesticides (OP's) on the library of immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs) with normal phase hexane/alcohol mixtures. Further exploration of the effect of mobile phase strength and temperature on several of the separations was performed using simple factorial design. Equivalent retention of the first eluting enantiomer of several combinations of temperature and mobile phase was compared for peak shape, selectivity, and resolution. Similarly, equivalent selectivity of several combinations of temperature and mobile phase was compared for peak shape, retention of the first eluting enantiomer, and resolution. The results of this study make available several new chiral separations of the OPs included in the work that were not previously documented, including separations on the three most recently commercialized phases, Chiralpak IH, IJ, and IK. Additionally, sufficient understanding was obtained to be able to predict the trade-off of resolution, analysis time, peak sharpness (and thus improve limit-of-detection [LOD]/limit-of-quantification [LOQ]), robustness, and convenience of conditions for further application optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Champion
- Senior Method Development Chemist, WLC, WLW, Champion, Watts Technology and Method Development Chiral Technologies, Inc, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William L Watts
- Senior Method Development Chemist, WLC, WLW, Champion, Watts Technology and Method Development Chiral Technologies, Inc, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Weston J Umstead
- Technology and Business Development Manager, WJU, Umstead Technology and Method Development Chiral Technologies, Inc, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
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5
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Calderón C, Lämmerhofer M. Enantioselective metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 207:114430. [PMID: 34757254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics strives to capture the entirety of the metabolites in a biological system by comprehensive analysis, often by liquid chromatography hyphenated to mass spectrometry. A particular challenge thereby is the differentiation of structural isomers. Common achiral targeted and untargeted assays do not distinguish between enantiomers. This may lead to information loss. An increasing number of publications demonstrate that the enantiomeric ratio of certain metabolites can be meaningful biomarkers of certain diseases emphasizing the importance of introducing enantioselective analytical procedures in metabolomics. In this work, the state-of-the-art in the field of LC-MS based metabolomics is summarized with focus on developments in the recent decade. Methodologies, tagging strategies, workflows and general concepts are outlined. Selected biological applications in which enantioselective metabolomics has documented its usefulness are briefly discussed. In general, targeted enantioselective metabolomics assays are often based on a direct approach using chiral stationary phases (CSP) with polysaccharide derivatives, macrocyclic antibiotics, chiral crown ethers, chiral ion exchangers, donor-acceptor phases as chiral selectors. Rarely, these targeted assays focus on more than 20 analytes and usually are restricted to a certain metabolite class. In a variety of cases, pre-column derivatization of metabolites has been performed, especially for amino acids, to improve separation and detection sensitivity. Triple quadrupole instruments are the detection methods of first choice in targeted assays. Here, issues like matrix effect, absence of blank matrix impair accuracy of results. In selected applications, multiple heart cutting 2D-LC (RP followed by chiral separation) has been pursued to overcome this problem and alleviate bias due to interferences. Non-targeted assays, on the other hand, are based on indirect approach involving tagging with a chiral derivatizing agent (CDA). Besides classical CDAs numerous innovative reagents and workflows have been proposed and are discussed. Thereby, a critical issue for the accuracy is often neglected, viz. the validation of the enantiomeric impurity in the CDA. The majority of applications focus on amino acids, hydroxy acids, oxidized fatty acids and oxylipins. Some potential clinical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Calderón
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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6
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Fotia V, Potortì AG, La Torre GL, Di Bella G, Saitta M. Separation of racemic mixtures of
sn
‐1(3)‐monoacylglycerols by
enantioselective‐HPLC
/
ELSD. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Choi Y, Park JY, Chang PS. Direct and simultaneous analysis of lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of high-oleic oil model by chiral stationary phase HPLC-ELSD. Food Chem 2021; 367:130750. [PMID: 34390909 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel HPLC-based method for direct separation of trioleoylglycerol (TOG), a major component in high-oleic oils, and its seven hydrolysis products (i.e., oleic acid, monooleoylglycerol (MOG) and dioleoylglycerol (DOG) isomers) was established using a chiral stationary phase column, Chiralpak IA. Within 20 min, all species including enantiomeric MOG (1-sn-MOG and 3-sn-MOG) and DOG (1,2-sn-DOG and 2,3-sn-DOG) were baseline-resolved with resolution factors over 1.5 between adjacent peaks. The established method was used for investigating the integral stereoselectivity, which is the selectivity concerning all hydrolysis steps, of lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL) with TOG as substrate. The time-course of DOGs and MOGs indicated that PFL had selectivity for TOG hydrolysis in the order of sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 position, while it preferred to hydrolyze 2,3-sn-DOG over 1,2-sn-DOG. Being rapid and accurate to evaluate integral stereoselectivity, this method could promote the development and application of lipases with target stereochemistry in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonseok Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Agricultural Microorganism and Enzyme, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Fan X, Cao L, Geng L, Ma Y, Wei Y, Wang Y. Polysaccharides as separation media for the separation of proteins, peptides and stereoisomers of amino acids. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:616-638. [PMID: 34242648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Reliable separation of peptides, amino acids and proteins as accurate as possible with the maximum conformation and biological activity is crucial and essential for drug discovery. Polysaccharide, as one of the most abundant natural biopolymers with optical activity on earth, is easy to be functionalized due to lots of hydroxyl groups on glucose units. Over the last few decades, polysaccharide derivatives are gradually employed as effective separation media. The highly-ordered helical structure contributes to complex, diverse molecular recognition ability, allowing polysaccharide derivatives to selectively interact with different analytes. This article reviews the development, application and prospects of polysaccharides as separation media in the separation of proteins, peptides and amino acids in recent years. The chiral molecules mechanism, advantages, limitations, development status and challenges faced by polysaccharides as separation media in molecular recognition are summarized. Meanwhile, the direction of its continued development and future prospects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, PR China
| | - Lilong Cao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, PR China
| | - Linna Geng
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yalu Ma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, PR China.
| | - Yuping Wei
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, PR China.
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9
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NMR detection of fatty acids content in walnut oil and compared with liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00813-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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10
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Shan Y, Liu Y, Yang L, Nie H, Shen S, Dong C, Bai Y, Sun Q, Zhao J, Liu H. Lipid profiling of cyanobacteriaSynechococcussp. PCC 7002 using two-dimensional liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3745-3753. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Shan
- Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences; National Research Center for Geoanalysis; Beijing China
- Institute of analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Yiqun Liu
- State Key Lab of Protein and Plant Sciences, School of Life Science; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Honggang Nie
- Analytical Instrumentation Center; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Sensen Shen
- Institute of analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Chunxia Dong
- State Key Lab of Protein and Plant Sciences, School of Life Science; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Yu Bai
- Institute of analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Qing Sun
- Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences; National Research Center for Geoanalysis; Beijing China
| | - Jindong Zhao
- State Key Lab of Protein and Plant Sciences, School of Life Science; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Institute of analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing China
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11
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Zhang Q, Qin W, Li M, Shen Q, Saleh AS. Application of Chromatographic Techniques in the Detection and Identification of Constituents Formed during Food Frying: A Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Meiliang Li
- College of Food Science; Sichuan Agricultural Univ.; Ya'an 625014 Sichuan China
| | - Qun Shen
- Natl. Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural Univ.; Beijing 100083 China
| | - Ahmed S.M. Saleh
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology; Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut Univ.; Assiut 71526 Egypt
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12
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Wu J, Ge Y, Qin W. Combination of running-buffer-mediated extraction and polyamidoamine-dendrimer-assisted capillary electrophoresis for rapid and sensitive determination of free fatty acids in edible oils. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:4104-4111. [PMID: 24758299 DOI: 10.1021/jf4056105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A method was developed for determining free fatty acids in edible plant oils by incorporation of running-buffer-mediated liquid-liquid extraction and polyamidoamine-dendrimer-assisted capillary electrophoresis-capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. The recoveries for the extraction were in the range of 90.1% and 110.3%. Addition of dendrimer to the running buffer improved the separation of fatty acids. Under the optimized buffer conditions, i.e., 3 mM pelargonic acid, 39 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, 30 mM polyoxyethylene 23 lauryl ether, 35% acetonitrile, 15% 2-propanol, 2.5% 1-octanol, and 300 μM polyamidoamine generation 2 at apparent pH 8.53, the 10 model fatty acids were separated in 18 min with detection limits ranging from 0.46 to 3.28 μM. The successful determination of fatty acids in real samples suggests that the method is simple, cost-effective, and easy to operate and is suitable for scanning free fatty acid in edible plant oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
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13
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Hirschegger L, Schober S, Mittelbach M. Efficient and sensitive method for the quantification of saturated monoacylglycerols in biodiesel by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sigurd Schober
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Graz; Graz Austria
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14
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Lísa M, Holčapek M. Characterization of triacylglycerol enantiomers using chiral HPLC/APCI-MS and synthesis of enantiomeric triacylglycerols. Anal Chem 2013; 85:1852-9. [PMID: 23298510 DOI: 10.1021/ac303237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the first systematic characterization of triacylglycerol (TG) enantiomers in real samples using chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) is performed. Our chiral HPLC/APCI-MS method is based on the use of two cellulose-tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) columns connected in series using a gradient of hexane-2-propanol mobile phase. All TG enantiomers containing 1-8 DBs and different fatty acyl chain lengths are separated using our chiral HPLC method except for TGs having a combination of saturated and di- or triunsaturated fatty acyls in sn-1 and sn-3 positions. In our work, the randomization reaction of monoacyl TG standards is used for the preparation of all TG enantiomers and regioisomers in a mixture, while the stereospecific esterification of 1,2- or 2,3-isopropylidene-sn-glycerols by selected fatty acids is used for the synthesis of TG enantiomers. The composition of TG enantiomers and regioisomers in hazelnut oil and human plasma samples is determined. Unsaturated fatty acids are preferentially esterified in sn-2 position in hazelnut oil, while no significant preference of saturated or unsaturated fatty acyls is observed in case of human plasma sample. Fatty acids with the higher number of DBs are preferred in sn-1 position of TG enantiomers in hazelnut oil unlike to moderate sn-3 preference in human plasma. The characterization of cholesteryl esters from TG fraction of human plasma sample using our chiral HPLC/APCI-MS method is presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Lísa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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15
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Tang B, Tian M, Lee YR, Row KH. Optimized Analytical Conditions for Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids inAntarctic krillUsing Gas Chromatography. ANAL LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.677978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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García-Domínguez P, Alvarez R, de Lera ÁR. Survey of Synthetic Approaches to Natural (Peyssonenynes) and Unnatural Acetoxyenediynes. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Determination of Underivatized Long Chain Fatty Acids Using HPLC with an Evaporative Light-Scattering Detector. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-011-1898-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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García-Domínguez P, Lepore I, Erb C, Gronemeyer H, Altucci L, Álvarez R, de Lera ÁR. Total synthesis of the proposed structures of the DNA methyl transferase inhibitors peyssonenynes, and structural revision of peyssonenyne B. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6979-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05932g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Itabashi Y. Development and application of chromatographic methods for glycerolipid analysis. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2011. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2011.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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