1
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Jung HK, Mun M, Ali A, Cheong WJ. Fabrication of permanent silver cement frit at the inlet of micro-columns: a significant progress toward realization of disposable micro-columns. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2020. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2018.00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The advent of disposable micro-columns will be a hope of workers of chromatography-related laboratories. A very critical and important requirement is the formation of affordable inlet frits. Welding a metal screen to a column inlet is not recommended because of the risk of damage to stationary phase. In this study, the Tollens probe (silver mirror reaction) was adopted to make affordable frits. Silver is reduced on the particle surface and in an empty space among the particles, forming a solid silver network structure at the column inlet area by injecting the reaction solution into the packed column at a depth of one third (10 cm) of the packed bed (0.5 mm × 300 mm). The silver cement structure was successfully formed, and the silver cement frit endured mobile phase flow well when C18 modified ground silica monolith particles were used to make the packed bed. The formation of the silver cement frit was not successful when the stationary phase based on conventional spherical silica particles was used. Negligible reduction of chromatographic performance by the silver cemented frit was observed. This study serves as the first step toward realization of disposable micro-columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Kyeong Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Namku, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Miri Mun
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Namku, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Ashraf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Namku, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Won Jo Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Namku, Incheon 22212, South Korea
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2
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Dams M, Dores-Sousa JL, Lamers RJ, Treumann A, Eeltink S. High-Resolution Nano-Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometric Detection for the Bottom-Up Analysis of Complex Proteomic Samples. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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3
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Ikegami T, Tanaka N. Recent Progress in Monolithic Silica Columns for High-Speed and High-Selectivity Separations. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2016; 9:317-342. [PMID: 27306311 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071114-040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Monolithic silica columns have greater (through-pore size)/(skeleton size) ratios than particulate columns and fixed support structures in a column for chemical modification, resulting in high-efficiency columns and stationary phases. This review looks at how the size range of monolithic silica columns has been expanded, how high-efficiency monolithic silica columns have been realized, and how various methods of silica surface functionalization, leading to selective stationary phases, have been developed on monolithic silica supports, and provides information on the current status of these columns. Also discussed are the practical aspects of monolithic silica columns, including how their versatility can be improved by the preparation of small-sized structural features (sub-micron) and columns (1 mm ID or smaller) and by optimizing reaction conditions for in situ chemical modification with various restrictions, with an emphasis on recent research results for both topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Ikegami
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan;
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4
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Dembahri Z, Le Gac S, Tobal K, Chirani N, Rolando C, Benmouna F, Benmouna M. Polymer phase transition in n-lauryl methacrylate monoliths. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Dembahri
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
- Macromolecular Research Laboratory; Faculty of Sciences; University of Tlemcen BP119 Algeria
| | - Séverine Le Gac
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
- MIRA Institute, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente The Netherlands
| | - Kamal Tobal
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
| | - Naziha Chirani
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
- Macromolecular Research Laboratory; Faculty of Sciences; University of Tlemcen BP119 Algeria
| | - Christian Rolando
- Université de Lille, CNRS, USR 3290, MSAP; Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique; F-59000 Lille France
- Université de Lille, CNRS, FR 2638; Institut Eugène-Michel Chevreul; FR CNRS F-59000 Lille France
| | - Farida Benmouna
- Macromolecular Research Laboratory; Faculty of Sciences; University of Tlemcen BP119 Algeria
| | - Mustapha Benmouna
- Macromolecular Research Laboratory; Faculty of Sciences; University of Tlemcen BP119 Algeria
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5
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Moravcová D, Rantamäki AH, Duša F, Wiedmer SK. Monoliths in capillary electrochromatography and capillary liquid chromatography in conjunction with mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:880-912. [PMID: 26800083 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we have reviewed separation studies utilizing monolithic capillary columns for separation of compounds preceding MS analysis. The review is divided in two parts according to the used separation method, namely CEC and capillary LC (cLC). Based on our overview, monolithic CEC-MS technique have been more focused on the syntheses of highly specialized and selective separation phase materials for fast and efficient separation of specific types of analytes. In contrast, monolithic cLC-MS is more widely used and is often employed, for instance, in the analysis of oligonucleotides, metabolites, and peptides and proteins in proteomic studies. While poly(styrene-divinylbenzene)-based and silica-based monolithic capillaries found their place in proteomic analyses, the other laboratory-synthesized monoliths still wait for their wider utilization in routine analyses. The development of new monolithic materials will most likely continue due to the demand of more efficient and rapid separation of increasingly complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Moravcová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Filip Duša
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i, Brno, Czech Republic
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6
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Gasilova N, Srzentić K, Qiao L, Liu B, Beck A, Tsybin YO, Girault HH. On-Chip Mesoporous Functionalized Magnetic Microspheres for Protein Sequencing by Extended Bottom-up Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:1775-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gasilova
- Laboratory
of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry, EPFL Valais, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1951 Sion, Valais, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Srzentić
- Biomolecular
Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Liang Qiao
- Laboratory
of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry, EPFL Valais, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1951 Sion, Valais, Switzerland
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Alain Beck
- Centre d’Immunologie
Pierre Fabre, 74160 St. Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Yury O. Tsybin
- Spectroswiss Sàrl, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratory
of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry, EPFL Valais, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1951 Sion, Valais, Switzerland
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7
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Simone P, Pierri G, Foglia P, Gasparrini F, Mazzoccanti G, Capriotti AL, Ursini O, Ciogli A, Laganà A. Separation of intact proteins on γ-ray-induced polymethacrylate monolithic columns: A highly permeable stationary phase with high peak capacity for capillary high-performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:264-71. [PMID: 26530449 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Polymethacrylate-based monolithic capillary columns, prepared by γ-radiation-induced polymerization, were used to optimize the experimental conditions (nature of the organic modifiers, the content of trifluoroacetic acid and the column temperature) in the separation of nine standard proteins with different hydrophobicities and a wide range of molecular weights. Because of the excellent permeability of the monolithic columns, an ion-pair reversed-phase capillary liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry method has been developed by coupling the column directly to the mass spectrometer without a flow-split and using a standard electrospray interface. Additionally, the high working flow and concomitant high efficiency of these columns allowed us to employ a longer column (up to 50 cm) and achieve a peak capacity value superior to 1000. This work is motivated by the need to develop new materials for high-resolution chromatographic separation that combine chemical stability at elevated temperatures (up to 75°C) and a broad pH range, with a high peak capacity value. The advantage of the γ-ray-induced monolithic column lies in the batch-to-batch reproducibility and long-term high-temperature stability. Their proven high loading capacity, recovery, good selectivity and high permeability, moreover, compared well with that of a commercially available poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) monolithic column, which confirms that such monolithic supports might facilitate analysis in proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Simone
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pierri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Foglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Mazzoccanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Ornella Ursini
- Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Area della Ricerca di Roma del CNR, Monterotondo Stazione, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciogli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
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8
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Hong SH, Cheong WJ. Disposable microcolumns with welded metal frits. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:243-6. [PMID: 26614222 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the preparation of disposable microcolumns with welded metal frits for the first time. First, the bottom of glass-lined stainless-steel tubing of 30 cm length, 1.6 mm od, and 0.5 mm id was welded with a stainless-steel screen frit of 1.6 mm diameter. A micro-welding machine was used for this. Next, the column was connected to a slurry packer and packed with porous silica particles. Then, the inlet of the column was carefully welded with another frit. The column was tested for separation of a test mix composed of phenol, 2-nitrophenol, acetophenone, aceanilide, and benzamide. Another column of the same physical dimension was also prepared with frits that were not welded to the column. The chromatographic performances of the two groups of columns (welded frits versus non-welded frits) were examined. The columns of welded frits showed ca. 18% better separation efficiency (number of theoretical plates) than those of non-welded frits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Won Jo Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
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9
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Park SY, Cheong WJ. Organic monolith frits encased in polyether ether ketone tubing with improved durability for liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2938-44. [PMID: 26097071 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study introduces a preparation method for polymer-encased monolith frits with improved durability for liquid chromatography columns. The inner surface of the polyether ether ketone tubing is pretreated with sulfuric acid in the presence of catalysts (vanadium oxide and sodium sulfate). The tubing was rinsed with water and acetone, flushed with nitrogen, and treated with glycidyl methacrylate. After washing, the monolith reaction mixture composed of lauryl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, initiator, and porogenic solvent was filled in the tubing and subjected to in situ polymerization. The tubing was cut into thin slices and used as frits for microcolumns. To check their durability, the frit slices were placed in a vial and a heavy impact was applied on the vial by a vortex mixer for various periods. The frits made in the presence of catalysts were found to be more durable than those made without catalysts. Furthermore, when the monolith-incorporated tubing was used as a chromatography column, the column prepared in the presence of catalysts resulted in a better separation efficiency. The separation performance of the columns installed with the polyether ether ketone encased monolith frits was comparable to that of the columns installed with the commercial stainless-steel screen frits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Young Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Namku, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Won Jo Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Namku, Incheon, South Korea
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10
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Nischang I. Impact of biomolecule solute size on the transport and performance characteristics of analytical porous polymer monoliths. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1354:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Safdar M, Sproß J, Jänis J. Microscale immobilized enzyme reactors in proteomics: Latest developments. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1324:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Liu CC, Deng QL, Fang GZ, Liu HL, Wu JH, Pan MF, Wang S. Ionic liquids monolithic columns for protein separation in capillary electrochromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 804:313-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Analysis of bovine milk caseins on organic monolithic columns: An integrated capillary liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry approach for the study of time-dependent casein degradation. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1313:259-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Comments on the Implementation of a Simple Peak Capacity Optimization Procedure and Comparison of Poly(styrene–divinylbenzene) and RP-18 Silica Monolithic Capillary Columns of 5-cm for the Analysis of Protein Digests. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2550-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Lin H, Zhang Z, Dong J, Liu Z, Ou J, Zou H. Preparation of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane based hybrid monoliths by ring-opening polymerization for capillary LC and CEC. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:2819-25. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Zhenbin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jing Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
| | - Zhongshan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
| | - Hanfa Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
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16
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Podgornik A, Yamamoto S, Peterka M, Krajnc NL. Fast separation of large biomolecules using short monolithic columns. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 927:80-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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A review on recent developments in mass spectrometry instrumentation and quantitative tools advancing bacterial proteomics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:4749-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4897-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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KUBO T, YASUDA K, TOMINAGA Y, HOSOYA K, OTSUKA K. Hybridization of a Macroporous Sponge and Spherical Microporous Adsorbents for High Throughput Separation of Ionic Solutes. ANAL SCI 2013; 29:417-21. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.29.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya KUBO
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
| | - Koji YASUDA
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University
| | | | - Ken HOSOYA
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Koji OTSUKA
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
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19
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Rigobello-Masini M, Penteado JCP, Masini JC. Monolithic columns in plant proteomics and metabolomics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:2107-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Recent advances in monolithic columns for protein and peptide separation by capillary liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Ou J, Lin H, Zhang Z, Huang G, Dong J, Zou H. Recent advances in preparation and application of hybrid organic-silica monolithic capillary columns. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:126-40. [PMID: 23161325 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-silica monolithic columns, regarded as a second generation of silica-based monoliths, have received much interest due to their unique properties over the pure silica-based monoliths. This review mainly focuses on development in the fields of preparation of hybrid monolithic columns in a capillary and their application for CEC and capillary liquid chromatography separation, as well as for sample pretreatment of solid-phase microextraction and immobilized enzyme reactor since July 2010. The preparation approaches are comprehensively summarized with three routes: (i) general sol-gel process using trialkoxysilanes and tetraalkoxysilanes as coprecursors; (ii) "one-pot" process of alkoxysilanes and organic monomers concomitantly proceeding sol-gel chemistry and free radical polymerization; and (iii) other polymerization approaches of organic monomers containing silanes. The modification of hybrid monoliths containing reactive groups to acquire the desired surface functionality is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
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22
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Soliven A, Haidar Ahmad IA, Filgueira MR, Carr PW. Optimization of gradient reversed phase chromatographic peak capacity for low molecular weight solutes. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1273:57-65. [PMID: 23261314 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A general protocol for optimizing peak capacity for the separation of low molecular weight molecules under gradient elution conditions has not yet been developed. By studying the effects of gradient time, flow rate, temperature, final eluent composition, and column length on peak capacity, a protocol has been developed for the optimization of a separation of small molecules such as those seen in metabolomic studies. The strategy developed employs the Linear-Solvent-Strength Theory (LSS Theory) to predict retention, building on an approach for the optimization of the peak capacity of large molecules (peptides) in fixed column format separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianne Soliven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Smith Hall, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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23
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Chester TL. Recent Developments in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phases. Anal Chem 2012; 85:579-89. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303180y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Chester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati,
Ohio 45221-0172, United States
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24
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Podgornik A, Krajnc NL. Application of monoliths for bioparticle isolation. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:3059-72. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Podgornik
- The Centre of Excellence for Biosensors, Instrumentation and Process Control - COBIK; Solkan Slovenia
- BIA Separations d.o.o.; Ajdovščina Slovenia
| | - Nika Lendero Krajnc
- BIA Separations d.o.o.; Ajdovščina Slovenia
- The Centre of Excellence for Biosensors, Instrumentation and Process Control - COBIK; Solkan Slovenia
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25
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Arrua RD, Talebi M, Causon TJ, Hilder EF. Review of recent advances in the preparation of organic polymer monoliths for liquid chromatography of large molecules. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 738:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Nischang I. On the chromatographic efficiency of analytical scale column format porous polymer monoliths: Interplay of morphology and nanoscale gel porosity. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1236:152-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Capillary liquid chromatography separations using non-porous pillar array columns. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1230:41-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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