1
|
Zhao Y, Ming Y, Yang Y, Cai C, Bi Y, Fu Q, Ke Y. Separation of carbohydrates using dynamically adsorbed borate stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1720:464780. [PMID: 38458138 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a chromatographic method for the separation of carbohydrates was proposed. Tris-(hydroxymethyl)-amine (TRIS) functionalized silica-based hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) stationary was synthesized. The dynamically absorbed borate layer is generated by using borate buffer as a polar modifier due to the complexation of borate with TRIS ligand in the stationary phase. The chromatographic systems were analyzed by the linear solvation energy relationship model. The calculated system constants revealed the enhancement of anionic exchange by the addition of borate in the mobile phase system. In addition, ligand exchange is critical for the retention and elution order of sugars and sugar alcohols. Carbohydrates displayed prolonged retention with different selectivity profiles relating to their complexation coefficients with borate. Experiment results showed that the effect of borate in this chromatographic system was stable within the range of pH 3-7 and borate concentration of 5-15 mM. This work provides a complementary solution for the separation of carbohydrates. It can also be extended to the separation of glycosides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yufang Ming
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Changyu Cai
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yujie Bi
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qing Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yanxiong Ke
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu Y, Cai T, Zhang H, Chen J, Li Z, Zhao L, Li Z, Qiu H. Two copolymer-grafted silica stationary phases prepared by surface thiol-ene click reaction in deep eutectic solvents for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
3
|
Sun Y, Li P, Wang T, Qin L, Cheng G, Shen L, Yao X, Wei S, Jiang J, Lei F. Alkaloid purification using rosin-based polymer-bonded silica stationary phase in HPLC. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:3646-3652. [PMID: 31613051 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloids are important natural products that exhibit a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. To efficiently separate and purify them, a rosin-based polymer-bonded silica stationary phase in high-performance liquid chromatography was synthesized via the surface radical polymerization of ethylene glycol maleic rosinate acrylate and methacrylic acid onto functionalized silica. The stationary phases, columns, optimization of chromatographic conditions for alkaloids, and thermodynamic behavior of the analytes on the column were fully studied. Under the optimized conditions, the prepared column efficiently purified natural camptothecine, caffeine, and evodiamine with the corresponding purities of 92, 96, and 97%. With this work, we have developed an efficient approach to isolate alkaloids and promoted the research on rosin-based materials in biomedicine and analytical chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Liting Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Gege Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Xingdong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Shaoping Wei
- Guangxi Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co. Ltd., Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Fuhou Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forests Products, Nanning, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shamshir A, Dinh NP, Jonsson T, Sparrman T, Ashiq MJ, Irgum K. Interaction of toluene with polar stationary phases under conditions typical of hydrophilic interaction chromatography probed by saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1588:58-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
5
|
Chu Z, Zhang L, Zhang W. Preparation and evaluation of maltose modified polymer-silica composite based on cross-linked poly glycidyl methacrylate as high performance liquid chromatography stationary phase. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1036:179-186. [PMID: 30253830 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new maltose modified polymer-silica composite was fabricated and applied as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) stationary phase. The cross-linked poly glycidyl methacrylate (pGMA) layer was chemically bonded to the outer surface as well as pore inner surface of silica beads via in-situ polymerization, and then maltose was modified onto the polymer layer via a [3 + 2] "click" reaction. The porous spherical silica (4 μm diameter) with 300 Å pore size was selected as the matrix so that the 3.25 nm-thick polymer layer fabricated on the pore inner surface would not affect its permeability. The typical 'U-shape' retention curves indicated a mixed-mode retention mechanism of the as-synthesized stationary phase. Both polar and non-polar analytes could be well separated on the stationary phase with column efficiency reaching 123809 plates/m for guanosine in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode and 46808 plates/m for fluorene in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) mode, respectively. Nucleotides and their bases were baseline separated with good peak shape without any buffer salt in mobile phase, suggesting the effective shielding of the silanol groups. The packing material also showed excellent chromatographic repeatability with intraday RSDs of the retention time of five nucleosides less than 0.048% (n = 3) and interday RSDs less than 0.33% (n = 7) and great pH stability (from 1.5 to 10.2). Finally, the stationary phase was applied to the separation of ginseng extract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanying Chu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rathnasekara R, El Rassi Z. Polar silica-based stationary phases. Part I - Singly and doubly layered sorbents consisting of TRIS-silica and chondroitin sulfate A-TRIS-silica for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1582-1591. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ziad El Rassi
- Department of Chemistry; Oklahoma State University; Stillwater OK USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang HS, Song M, Hang TJ. Functional Interfaces Constructed by Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization for Analytical Chemistry. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:2881-2898. [PMID: 26785308 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The high-value applications of functional polymers in analytical science generally require well-defined interfaces, including precisely synthesized molecular architectures and compositions. Controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) has been developed as a versatile and powerful tool for the preparation of polymers with narrow molecular weight distributions and predetermined molecular weights. Among the CRP system, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) are well-used to develop new materials for analytical science, such as surface-modified core-shell particles, monoliths, MIP micro- or nanospheres, fluorescent nanoparticles, and multifunctional materials. In this review, we summarize the emerging functional interfaces constructed by RAFT and ATRP for applications in analytical science. Various polymers with precisely controlled architectures including homopolymers, block copolymers, molecular imprinted copolymers, and grafted copolymers were synthesized by CRP methods for molecular separation, retention, or sensing. We expect that the CRP methods will become the most popular technique for preparing functional polymers that can be broadly applied in analytical chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Song Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tai-Jun Hang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|