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Li G, Chen D. Comparison of different extraction methods of active ingredients of Chinese medicine and natural products. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300712. [PMID: 38234023 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Like other traditional medicine in the world, Chinese traditional medicine (CTM) has a long history, which is a treasure of the combination of medicine and Chinese classical culture even more than 5000 years. For thousands of years, CTM has made great contributions to the reproduction and health of the Chinese people. It was an efficient therapeutic tool under the guidance of Chinese traditional medical theory, its source is generally natural products, but there are also a small number of it are natural products after some processing methods. In fact, the definition of Chinese medicine (CM) includes both traditional and new CM developed by modern technology. It is well known that the chemical composition of most CM and natural products is very complex, for example, a single herb may contain hundreds of different chemicals, including active ingredients, side effects, and even toxic ingredients. Therefore, the extraction process is particularly crucial for the quality and clinical efficacy of CM and natural products. In this work, a new classification method was proposed to divide the extraction technologies of CM and natural products into 21 kinds in recent years and analyze their status, advantages, and disadvantages. Then put forward a new technical route based on ultra-high-pressure extraction technology for rapid extraction else while removing harmful impurities and making higher utilization of CM and natural products. It is a useful exploration for the extraction industry of medicinal materials and natural products in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongya Chen
- Institute of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
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Tian J, Wang X, Shi Q, Xiang X, Su C, Xie Y, Jin S, Huang R, Song C. Isolation and Purification of Kudinosides from Kuding Tea by Semi-Preparative HPLC Combined with MCI-GEL Resin. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666191031153352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Kuding tea, a Traditional Chinese drink, has a history of thousands of years
in China. Triterpenoid saponins in Kuding tea are regarded as one of the major functional ingredients.
Objective:
The aim of this paper was to establish separation progress for the isolation and purification
of five triterpenoid saponins (kudinoside A, C, D, F, G) from Kuding tea.
Methods:
Nine types of resins, including seven macroporous resins and two MCI-GEL resins, were
firstly used for purifying triterpenoid saponins by the adsorption and desorption tests. Further dynamic
adsorption/desorption experiments were carried out to obtain the optimal parameters for the five
targeted saponins. Then the purification of five triterpenoid saponins (kudinoside A, C, D, F, G) was
completed by semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (semi-pHPLC).
Results:
As of optimized results, the HP20SS MCI-GEL was selected as the optimal one. The data
also showed that 65.24 mg of refined extract including 7.04 mg kudinoside A, 3.52 mg kudinoside C,
4.04 mg kudinoside D, 4.13 mg kudinoside F, and 34.45 mg kudinoside G, could be isolated and purified
from 645.90 mg of crude extract in which the content of five saponins was 81.51% and the average
recovery reached 69.76%. The final contents of five saponins increased 6.91-fold as compared
to the crude extract.
Conclusion:
The established separation progress was highly efficient, making it a potential approach
for the large-scale production in the laboratory and providing several markers of triterpenoid saponins
for quality control of Kuding tea or its processing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuanyuan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingxin Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xingliang Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Su
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuna Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection; and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rongzeng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengwu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Wang N, Chen T, Yang X, Shen C, Li H, Wang S, Zhao J, Chen J, Chen Z, Li Y. A practicable strategy for enrichment and separation of four minor flavonoids including two isomers from barley seedlings by macroporous resin column chromatography, medium-pressure LC, and high-speed countercurrent chromatography. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1717-1724. [PMID: 30811854 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Separation of minor compounds especially with similar polarities and structures from complex samples is a challenging work. In the present study, an efficient method was successfully established by macroporous resin column chromatography, medium-pressure liquid chromatography, and high-speed countercurrent chromatography for separation of four minor flavonoids from barley seedlings. Macroporous resin column chromatography and medium-pressure liquid chromatography were used for enrichment of these four flavonoids. High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis showed the total content of these four flavonoids increased from 2.2% in the crude extract to 95.3% in the medium-pressure liquid chromatography fraction. It was indicated that the combination of macroporous resin column chromatography and medium-pressure liquid chromatography could be a practicable strategy for enrichment of minor compounds from complex sample. Then, high-speed countercurrent chromatography was employed for separation of these four flavonoids using ethyl acetate/n-butanol/water (0.1% glacial acetic acid) (4:1:5, v/v/v) as solvent system. As a result, four flavonoids including two isomers with purities higher than 98% were obtained. Interestingly, two flavonoids existing in one high-pressure liquid chromatography peak were also successfully separated. All these indicated high-speed countercurrent chromatography had great potential for separation of compounds with similar structures and polarities. This study provides a reference for efficient enrichment and separation of minor compounds from complex sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Wang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
- Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
- Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
- Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
- Savaid Medical School, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Jingyang Zhao
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Jilin Chen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, P. R. China
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Preventive and Therapeutic Role of Functional Ingredients of Barley Grass for Chronic Diseases in Human Beings. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3232080. [PMID: 29849880 PMCID: PMC5904770 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3232080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Barley grass powder is the best functional food that provides nutrition and eliminates toxins from cells in human beings; however, its functional ingredients have played an important role as health benefit. In order to better cognize the preventive and therapeutic role of barley grass for chronic diseases, we carried out the systematic strategies for functional ingredients of barley grass, based on the comprehensive databases, especially the PubMed, Baidu, ISI Web of Science, and CNKI, between 2008 and 2017. Barley grass is rich in functional ingredients, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), flavonoids, saponarin, lutonarin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), K, Ca, Se, tryptophan, chlorophyll, vitamins (A, B1, C, and E), dietary fiber, polysaccharide, alkaloid, metallothioneins, and polyphenols. Barley grass promotes sleep; has antidiabetic effect; regulates blood pressure; enhances immunity; protects liver; has anti-acne/detoxifying and antidepressant effects; improves gastrointestinal function; has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and antigout effects; reduces hyperuricemia; prevents hypoxia, cardiovascular diseases, fatigue, and constipation; alleviates atopic dermatitis; is a calcium supplement; improves cognition; and so on. These results support that barley grass may be one of the best functional foods for preventive chronic diseases and the best raw material of modern diet structure in promoting the development of large health industry and further reveal that GABA, flavonoids, SOD, K-Ca, vitamins, and tryptophan mechanism of barley grass have preventive and therapeutic role for chronic diseases. This paper can be used as a scientific evidence for developing functional foods and novel drugs for barley grass for preventive chronic diseases.
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Wang J, Geng S, Wang B, Shao Q, Fang Y, Wei Y. Magnetic nanoparticles and high-speed countercurrent chromatography coupled in-line and using the same solvent system for separation of quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, luteoloside and astragalin from a Mikania micrantha extract. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1508:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen T, Li H, Chen C, Wei L, Li Y. Large-Scale Preparation of a Specific Xanthone from Swertia mussotii and Evaluation of Its α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:638-644. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Dang J, Shao Y, Zhao J, Mei L, Tao Y, Wang Q, Zhang L. Two-dimensional hydrophilic interaction chromatography × reversed-phase liquid chromatography for the preparative isolation of potential anti-hepatitis phenylpropanoids fromSalvia prattii. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3327-38. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining China
| | - Yun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science; Beijing China
| | - Lijuan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining China
| | - Yanduo Tao
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining China
| | - Qilan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xining China
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Zou D, Chen T, Chen C, Li H, Liu Y, Li Y. An Efficient Protocol for Preparation of Gallic Acid fromTerminalia bellirica(Gaertn.) Roxb by Combination of Macroporous Resin and Preparative High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1220-4. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Wang W, Lin P, Ma L, Xu K, Lin X. Separation and determination of flavonoids in three traditional chinese medicines by capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1357-62. [PMID: 26829244 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are important active ingredients in many traditional Chinese medicines. In this paper, capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection was employed to separate and detect eight flavonoids, rutin, quercetrin, quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferide, catechin, apigenin, and luteolin, in a home-made capillary electrophoresis device. Under the separation voltage of 2000 V, the eight flavonoids could be completely separated within 33 min in 18 mM borax running buffer at pH 10.2. Good linear relationships were obtained for all analytes and the detection limits for flavonoids ranged from 0.46 to 0.85 μM. Then, the method was applied to separate and determine the flavonoids in three traditional Chinese medicines, hippophae rhamnoides, hypericum perforatum, and cacumen platycladi. Finally, rutin, kaempferol, quercetin, and quercetrin were discovered in these medicines and the concentrations ranged from 0.28 to 9.94 mg/g. The recoveries of flavonoids ranged from 84.7 to 113%, which showed the high reliability of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lin
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Ma
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Kaixuan Xu
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Lin
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
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Preparation of 4-butylaniline-bonded silica gel for the solid-phase extraction of flavone glycosides. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:1149-55. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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