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Liu C, Liu S, Tse WM, Tse KWG, Erbu A, Xiong H, Lanzi G, Liu Y, Ye B. A distinction between Fritillaria Cirrhosa Bulbus and Fritillaria Pallidiflora Bulbus via LC-MS/MS in conjunction with principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2735. [PMID: 36792675 PMCID: PMC9931167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria Cirrhosa Bulbus (known as chuanbeimu in Chinese, FCB) is one of the most used Chinese medicines for lung disease. However, a variety of substitutes have entered the market, with Fritillaria Pallidiflora Bulbus (FPB) being the most common. Due to their similarity in appearance, morphology, and chemical composition but a large price difference, the FCB has frequently been adulterated with the FPB, posing a serious challenge to the distinction and quality of the FCB. Therefore, we aimed to distinguish FCB and FPB based on their main nine isosteroidal alkaloid contents and test the potential of chemometrics as a discrimination approach for evaluating quality. The nine major isosteroidal alkaloids were measured using a liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach in 41 batches of FCB and 17 batches of FPB. Additionally, they were categorized and distinguished using the methods of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Quantitative analysis revealed that the nine alkaloids were present in different amounts in the two types of Fritillariae bulbus. In FCB, the highest amount was peimisine (17.92-123.53 μg/g) and the lowest was delavine (0.42-29.18 μg/g), while in FPB, imperialine was higher (78.05-344.09 μg/g), but verticinone and verticine were less than the other seven alkaloids. The FCB and FPB were successfully classified and distinguished by the HCA and PCA. Taken together, the method has a good linear relationship (R2 > 0.9975). The LOD and LOQ of the nine alkaloids were in the range of 0.0651-0.6510 and 0.1953-1.9531 ng/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision were shown to be excellent, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 1.63% and 2.39%, respectively. The LC-MS/MS method in conjunction with HCA and PCA can effectively differentiate FCB and FPB. It may be a promising strategy for quality evaluation and control at the FCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlan Liu
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Simei Liu
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wai Ming Tse
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, 16/F. Block A, Texaco Road, Tsuen Wan, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kathy Wai Gaun Tse
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (H.K.) Limited, 16/F. Block A, Texaco Road, Tsuen Wan, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aga Erbu
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Xiong
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gongga Lanzi
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyong Liu
- grid.440680.e0000 0004 1808 3254Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bengui Ye
- Medical College of Tibet University, Lasa, 850002, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Hou H, Ren Q, Hu H, Yang T, Li X. Natural drug sources for respiratory diseases from Fritillaria: chemical and biological analyses. Chin Med 2021; 16:40. [PMID: 34059098 PMCID: PMC8165352 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria naturally grows in the temperate region of Northern Hemisphere and mainly distributes in Central Asia, Mediterranean region, and North America. The dried bulbs from a dozen species of this genus have been usually used as herbal medicine, named Beimu in China. Beimu had rich sources of phytochemicals and have extensively applied to respiratory diseases including coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Fritillaria species have alkaloids that act as the main active components that contribute multiple biological activities, including anti-tussive, expectorant, and anti-asthmatic effects, especially against certain respiratory diseases. Other compounds (terpenoids, steroidal saponins, and phenylpropanoids) have also been identified in species of Fritillaria. In this review, readers will discover a brief summary of traditional uses and a comprehensive description of the chemical profiles, biological properties, and analytical techniques used for quality control. In general, the detailed summary reveals 293 specialized metabolites that have been isolated and analyzed in Fritillaria species. This review may provide a scientific basis for the chemical ecology and metabolomics in which compound identification of certain species remains a limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongping Hou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qiang Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, 272000, China
| | - Haoyu Hu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tiechui Yang
- Nin Jiom Medicine Manufactory (Hong Kong) Limited, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiwen Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No 16, Neinanxiao Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Cui X, Naveed M, Baig MMFA, Wang W, Mikrani R, Liu Z, Ahmad B, Tang M, Wazir J, Zhou X, Han L. Therapeutic effects of Qianlie Tongli decoction on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome induced by peptide T2 in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1436-1444. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study was undertaken to reveal therapeutic effects and the preliminary mechanism of Chinese medicine formula Qianlie Tongli decoction (QTD) in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).
Methods
A total of 50 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups. All groups except the control group were injected subcutaneously T2 peptide emulsion, which induced the CP/CPPS model. After the induction of CP/CPPS, the model group was given normal saline by oral gavage while low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were treated with Chinese medicine formula. Micturition habits and pain behaviour of mice were analysed for each group. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to investigate prostate inflammation. The serum level of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.
Key findings
Chinese medicine formula significantly reduced the number of urine spots and improved pain response frequency in the medium-dose and high-dose group. The high-dose group showed reduced considerably inflammatory lesion and inflammatory cell infiltration than the low-dose and medium-dose groups. Serum levels of TNF-α in the high-dose group were significantly reduced compared with the model group.
Conclusions
The results demonstrated the therapeutic effects of Qianlie Tongli decoction in CP/CPPS mice by analysing clinically relevant symptoms (urinary tract system, pelvic pain and prostate inflammation) and preliminarily explored the inflammatory-related treatment mechanisms by measuring TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Cui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlu Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Reyaj Mikrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junaid Wazir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Shuiximen Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Zhongda Hospital, Affiliated with Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang Z, Xie H, Ren J, Chen Y, Li X, Chen X, Chan TWD. Metabolomic approach for rapid differentiation of Fritillaria bulbs by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 185:113177. [PMID: 32146286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The bulbs of Fritillaria have been used for centuries as food and medicinal products in many Asian countries. Different Fritillaria species have distinct pharmacological effects despite of their similar appearances. Effective differentiation of Fritillaria species can avoid adulteration and is crucial to its clinical uses. In this paper, a hybrid method of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis was developed for the rapid and reliable differentiation of Fritillaria species for the first time. Significantly different patterns for five Fritillaria species were obtained by MALDI-MS after instant sample extractions. Different groups of Fritillaria were confidently differentiated via an orthogonal partial least square model. In addition, a metabolomic taxonomy of five Fritillaria species was obtained based on MALDI-MS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Zunyi Medical University at Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hanyi Xie
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Zunyi Medical University at Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Zunyi Medical University at Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Zunyi Medical University at Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Jinan, China.
| | - Tak-Wah Dominic Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071667. [PMID: 30987173 PMCID: PMC6479889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (FTB) has been widely used as an antitussive herb for thousands of years in China. However, FTB's traditional uses, chemical compounds and pharmacological activities have not been systematically reviewed. This study aimed to review its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and toxicity. We searched the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine to explore the historical records which indicate that it acts to clear heat, resolve phlegm, relieve cough, remove toxicity and disperse abscesses and nodules. We searched 11 databases to identify potential phytochemical or pharmacological studies. Characteristics of its chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic and toxicity were descriptively summarized. A total of 9706 studies were identified and 83 of them were included. As a result, 134 chemical constituents were identified, including 26 alkaloids, 29 compounds found in essential oils, 13 diterpenoids, two carbohydrates, two sterols, 18 amino acids, six nucleosides, four nucleobases, four fatty acids, three lignans, and 27 elements. Thirteen pharmacological effects of FTB were identified, including anti-cancer, tracheobronchial relaxation, antitussive, expectorant, anti-muscarinic, anti-inflammation, anti-thyroid, regulation of blood rheology, antiulcer, anti-diarrhea, pain suppression, antioxidation and neuroprotection. These pharmacological activities may be mainly attributed to the alkaloids in FTB. Further phytochemical, pharmacological and network pharmacological studies are recommended.
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Study on the discrimination between Corydalis Rhizoma and its adulterants based on HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF-MS associated with chemometric analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1090:110-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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