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Jared NM, Johnson ZT, Pola CC, Bez KK, Bez K, Hooe SL, Breger JC, Smith EA, Medintz IL, Neihart NM, Claussen JC. Biomimetic laser-induced graphene fern leaf and enzymatic biosensor for pesticide spray collection and monitoring. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 38985448 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring of pesticide concentration distribution across farm fields is crucial to ensure precise and efficient application while preventing overuse or untreated areas. Inspired by nature's wettability patterns, we developed a biomimetic fern leaf pesticide collection patch using laser-induced graphene (LIG) alongside an external electrochemical LIG biosensor. This "collect-and-sense" system allows for rapid pesticide spray monitoring in the farm field. The LIG is synthesized and patterned on polyimide through a high-throughput gantry-based CO2 laser process, making it amenable to scalable manufacturing. The resulting LIG-based leaf exhibits a remarkable water collection capacity, harvesting spray mist/fog at a rate approximately 11 times greater than a natural ostrich fern leaf when the collection is normalized to surface area. The developed three-electrode LIG pesticide biosensor, featuring a working electrode functionalized with electrodeposited platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and the enzyme glycine oxidase, displayed a linear range of 10-260 μM, a detection limit of 1.15 μM, and a sensitivity of 5.64 nA μM-1 for the widely used herbicide glyphosate. Also, a portable potentiostat with a user-friendly interface was developed for remote operation, achieving an accuracy of up to 97%, when compared to a standard commercial benchtop potentiostat. The LIG "collect-and-sense" system can consistently collect and monitor glyphosate spray after 24-48 hours of spraying, a time that corresponds to the restricted-entry interval required to enter most farm fields after pesticide spraying. Hence, this innovative "collect-and-sense" system not only advances precision agriculture by enabling monitoring and mapping of pesticide distribution but also holds the potential to significantly reduce environmental impact, enhance crop management practices, and contribute to the sustainable and efficient use of agrochemicals in modern agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M Jared
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
| | - Zachary T Johnson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
| | - Cicero C Pola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
| | - Kristi K Bez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
| | - Krishangee Bez
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Shelby L Hooe
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Joyce C Breger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Emily A Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Nathan M Neihart
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Jonathan C Claussen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
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Sánchez R, Sanahuja AB, Lauría LPM, Todolí JL, Jordá JMM. Evaluation of highly adsorptive Guefoams (multifunctional guest-containing foams) as a potential sorbent for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by means of thermal desorption. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:169. [PMID: 38421458 PMCID: PMC10904424 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The present work delves into the feasibility of employing a novel structured sorbent referred to as GFAD (Guefoam Adsorption Device) for the determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in liquid samples. The chosen method has been static headspace sorptive extraction-thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HSSE-TD-GC-MS). The GFAD comprises an aluminum cellular material with a distinct replication structure and a solid guest phase consisting of activated carbon particles dispersed within the cavities of the cellular aluminum. The extensive specific surface area, robustness, and exceptional thermal conductivity of this pioneering material offer distinct advantages over commercially available polydimethylsiloxane-based Twister® devices. Therefore, the trapping efficiency for volatile organic compounds is enhanced, and it is possible to perform the analysis of concentrated samples. According to computational simulations, it has been demonstrated that GFAD has a high heat conductivity. As a result, the desorption efficiency is improved, and minimal temperature gradients are generated throughout the GFAD during the heating process. Besides, the energy consumption is significantly lowered, thus aligning with environmentally conscientious and sustainable analytical practices.The experimental results give a proof of the suitability of the GFAD for determining gaseous compounds in liquid samples through HSSE-TD-GC-MS. For volatile species, the new material provides higher peak areas and lower limits of detection than a commercially available Twister® device. Furthermore, the GFAD is reusable, its adsorbing properties remaining unchanged during, at least, 100 consecutive analyses. In addition, unlike to the Twister®, no intense siloxane peaks are observed in the chromatograms obtained with the GFAD. The feasibility of qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis with the new accessory has been demonstrated with both standards and a cereal bioethanol real sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Sánchez
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana Beltrán Sanahuja
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - José Luis Todolí
- Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain.
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Jeong Y, Kwon HA, Jeon HP, Schäffer A, Smith K. Quantitative evaluation of polyethersulfone and polytetrafluoroethylene membrane sorption in a polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115224. [PMID: 32698120 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The lag effect in the polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) equipped with a polyethersulfone (PES) membrane (POCIS-PES) is a potential limitation for its application in water environments. In this study, a POCIS with a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membrane (POCIS-PTFE) was investigated for circumventing membrane sorption in order to provide more reliable concentration measurements of organic contaminants. Sampler characteristics such as sampling rates (RS) and sampler-water partition coefficients (KSW) were similar for POCIS-PES and POCIS-PTFE, indicating that partitioning into Oasis HLB as the receiving phase dominates the overall partitioning from the aqueous phase to the POCIS. Membrane sorption was quantified in both laboratory and field experiments. Although POCIS-PTFE showed minor membrane sorption, the PTFE membranes were not robust enough to prevent changes in the sorption of the pollutants to the inner Oasis HLB sorbent due to biofouling. This was reflected in significant ionization effects in the electrospray ionization (ESI) source during the LC-MS/MS analysis. Despite clear differences in the ionization effects, the two POCISs types provided similar time-weighted average (CTWA) concentrations after a two-week passive sampling campaign in surface water and the outflow of a wastewater treatment plant. This study contributes to a more detailed understanding of POCIS application by providing a quantitative evaluation of membrane sorption and its associated effects in the laboratory and field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonah Jeong
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Campus E7.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52076, Aachen, Germany; Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyangdaero 283, Goyang-si, 10223, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ah Kwon
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Campus E7.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; Division of Energy & Environment Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Pyo Jeon
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Campus E7.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52076, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kilian Smith
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52076, Aachen, Germany; Department of Water, Environment, Construction and Safety, University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg-Stendal, Breitscheidstr. 2, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany
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Taylor AC, Fones GR, Vrana B, Mills GA. Applications for Passive Sampling of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants in Water—A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 51:20-54. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1675043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam C. Taylor
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gary R. Fones
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Branislav Vrana
- Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Graham A. Mills
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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Lis H, Stepnowski P, Caban M. Salinity and pH as factors affecting the passive sampling and extraction of pharmaceuticals from water. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2949-2956. [PMID: 31267662 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Passive sampling is an attractive technique for the long-term monitoring of pharmaceuticals in the water environment. The reliability of the received results depends on the properly performed calibration, namely the determination of analyte sampling rates. This step can be the source of a systematic error, as the sampling rate values are dependent on the water donor phase parameters. This is especially important for pharmaceuticals, since their chemical characteristics and ionic form change with pH. In this study, the cross-effect of pH (3, 7, and 9) and salinity (0, 7, and 35 practical salinity unit, using artificial sea water) on the passive sampling of 21 pharmaceuticals (antiparasitics, beta-blockers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonamides) was tested. The primarily determined parameter was the sampling rate. In addition, the extraction efficiency, partitioning coefficient, and the concentration of the analytes on the sorbent were calculated. Generally, for the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, beta-blockers, and antiparasitics, the change both in pH and salinity had a negligible impact on the mentioned experimental parameters. In contrast, the extraction of sulfonamides was impacted by both pH and salinity, while lipophilicity was not a decisive parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lis
- Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magda Caban
- Institute for Environmental and Human Health Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
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David F, Ochiai N, Sandra P. Two decades of stir bar sorptive extraction: A retrospective and future outlook. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Jeong Y, Schäffer A, Smith K. Equilibrium partitioning of organic compounds to OASIS HLB ® as a function of compound concentration, pH, temperature and salinity. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 174:297-305. [PMID: 28183055 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oasis hydrophilic lipophilic balance® (Oasis HLB) is commonly employed in solid phase extraction (SPE) of environmental contaminants and within polar organic chemical integrative passive samplers (POCIS). In this study batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the relative affinity of a range of relevant organic pollutants to Oasis HLB in aqueous systems. The influence of sorbate concentration, temperature, pH, and salinity on the equilibrium sorption was investigated. Equilibrium partition ratios (KD) of 28 compounds were determined, ranging over three orders of magnitude from 1.16 × 103 L/kg (atenolol) to 1.07 × 106 L/kg (isoproturon). The Freundlich model was able to describe the equilibrium partitioning to Oasis HLB, and an analysis of the thermodynamic parameters revealed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the partitioning process. Ionic strength had only a minor effect on the partitioning, whereas pH had a considerable effect but only for ionizable compounds. The results show that apolar interactions between the Oasis HLB and analyte mainly determine the equilibrium partitioning. These research findings can be used to optimize the application of SPE and POCIS for analyses of environmental contaminants even in complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonah Jeong
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Campus E7.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52076, Aachen, Germany.
| | | | - Kilian Smith
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Campus E7.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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