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Song Q, Wang B, Lv Y. Molecularly imprinted monoliths: Recent advances in the selective recognition of biomacromolecules related biomarkers. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:1469-1481. [PMID: 34897964 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers are significant indicators to assist the early diagnosis of diseases and assess the therapeutic response. However, due to the low-abundance of biomarkers in complex biological fluids, it is highly desirable to explore efficient techniques to attain their selective recognition and capture before the detection. Molecularly imprinted monoliths integrate the high selectivity of imprinted polymers and the rapid convective mass transport of monoliths, and as a result are promising candidates to achieve the specific enrichment of biomarkers from complex samples. This review summarizes the various imprinting approaches for the preparation of molecularly imprinted monoliths. The state-of-art advances as an effective platform for applications in the selective capture of biomacromolecules related biomarkers were also outlined. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Bingwu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yongqin Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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2
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Simplified miniaturized analytical set-up based on molecularly imprinted polymer directly coupled to UV detection for the determination of benzoylecgonine in urine. Talanta 2021; 233:122611. [PMID: 34215095 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple, selective, and sensitive method involving a miniaturized solid phase extraction step based on a monolithic molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) directly coupled on-line to UV detection was developed for the determination of benzoylecgonine (BZE) in complex biological samples. Monolithic MIPs were prepared into 100 μm internal diameter fused-silica capillaries either by thermal or photopolymerization. While leading to similar selectivities with respect to BZE, photopolymerization has made it possible to produce monoliths of different lengths that can be adapted to the targeted miniaturized application. The homogeneous morphology of these monolithic MIPs was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy prior to measuring their permeability. Their selectivity was evaluated leading to imprinting factors of 2.7 ± 0.1 for BZE and 4.0 ± 0.6 for cocaine (selected as template for the MIP synthesis) with polymers resulting from three independent syntheses, showing both the high selectivity of the MIPs and the reproducibility of their synthesis. After selecting the appropriate capillary length and the set-up configuration and optimizing the extraction protocol to promote selectivity, the extraction of BZE present in human urine samples spiked at 150, 250, and 500 ng mL-1 was successfully carried out on the monolithic MIP and coupled directly on-line with UV detection. The very clean-baseline of the resulting chromatograms revealing only the peak of interest for BZE illustrated the high selectivity brought by the monolithic MIP. Limits of detection and quantification of 56.4 ng mL-1 and 188.0 ng mL-1 were achieved in urine samples, respectively. It is therefore possible to achieve analytical threshold in accordance with the legislation on BZE detection in urine without the need for an additional chromatographic separation.
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Bouvarel T, Delaunay N, Pichon V. Molecularly imprinted polymers in miniaturized extraction and separation devices. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1727-1751. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bouvarel
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation—UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS PSL University Paris 75005 France
| | - Nathalie Delaunay
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation—UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS PSL University Paris 75005 France
| | - Valérie Pichon
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, Bioanalytiques et Miniaturisation—UMR Chimie Biologie Innovation 8231, ESPCI Paris, CNRS PSL University Paris 75005 France
- Sorbonne Université Paris 75005 France
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Xiao J, Lu Q, Cong H, Shen Y, Yu B. Microporous poly(glycidyl methacrylate- co-ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate) microspheres: synthesis, functionalization and applications. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00834j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
As a new kind of functional material, micron-sized porous polymer microspheres are a hot research topic in the field of polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Xiao
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qingbiao Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Silva MS, Tavares APM, de Faria HD, Sales MGF, Figueiredo EC. Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction Aiding the Analysis of Disease Biomarkers. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:933-948. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1843131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Siqueira Silva
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Ana P. M. Tavares
- BioMark/ISEP, School of Engineering of the Polytechnic School of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- BioMark/UC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Dipe de Faria
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analyses, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Maria Goreti Ferreira Sales
- BioMark/ISEP, School of Engineering of the Polytechnic School of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- BioMark/UC, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Rodriguez-Abetxuko A, Sánchez-deAlcázar D, Muñumer P, Beloqui A. Tunable Polymeric Scaffolds for Enzyme Immobilization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:830. [PMID: 32850710 PMCID: PMC7406678 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of methodologies for the immobilization of enzymes using polymeric supports is continuously growing due to the developments in the fields of biotechnology, polymer chemistry, and nanotechnology in the last years. Despite being excellent catalysts, enzymes are very sensitive molecules and can undergo denaturation beyond their natural environment. For overcoming this issue, polymer chemistry offers a wealth of opportunities for the successful combination of enzymes with versatile natural or synthetic polymers. The fabrication of functional, stable, and robust biocatalytic hybrid materials (nanoparticles, capsules, hydrogels, or films) has been proven advantageous for several applications such as biomedicine, organic synthesis, biosensing, and bioremediation. In this review, supported with recent examples of enzyme-protein hybrids, we provide an overview of the methods used to combine both macromolecules, as well as the future directions and the main challenges that are currently being tackled in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pablo Muñumer
- PolyZymes group, POLYMAT and Department of Applied Chemistry (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana Beloqui
- PolyZymes group, POLYMAT and Department of Applied Chemistry (UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain
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7
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Bouvarel T, Delaunay N, Pichon V. Selective extraction of cocaine from biological samples with a miniaturized monolithic molecularly imprinted polymer and on-line analysis in nano-liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1096:89-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Luo J, Ma L, Svec F, Tan T, Lv Y. Reversible Two‐Enzyme Coimmobilization on pH‐Responsive Imprinted Monolith for Glucose Detection. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1900028. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Liang Ma
- Clinical LaboratoryChina–Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China
| | - Frantisek Svec
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yongqin Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
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10
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Ma W, An Y, Row KH. Preparation and evaluation of a green solvent-based molecularly imprinted monolithic column for the recognition of proteins by high-performance liquid chromatography. Analyst 2019; 144:6327-6333. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01259a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A protein-based molecularly imprinted monolithic column was synthesized based on ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in a stainless steel column (50 mm × 4.6 mm id).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwan Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Inha University
- Incheon 402751
- Korea
| | - Yena An
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Inha University
- Incheon 402751
- Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Row
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Inha University
- Incheon 402751
- Korea
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Lynch KB, Ren J, Beckner MA, He C, Liu S. Monolith columns for liquid chromatographic separations of intact proteins: A review of recent advances and applications. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1046:48-68. [PMID: 30482303 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this article we survey 256 references (with an emphasis on the papers published in the past decade) on monolithic columns for intact protein separation. Protein enrichment and purification are included in the broadly defined separation. After a brief introduction, we describe the types of monolithic columns and modes of chromatographic separations employed for protein separations. While the majority of the work is still in the research and development phase, papers have been published toward utilizing monolithic columns for practical applications. We survey these papers as well in this review. Characteristics of selected methods along with their pros and cons will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Lynch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States
| | - Jiangtao Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States
| | - Matthew A Beckner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States
| | - Chiyang He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, 1 Textile Road, Wuhan, 430073, PR China
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States.
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Tang W, Row KH. Hydrophobic ionic liquid modified thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted monolith for the selective recognition and separation of tanshinones. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:3372-3381. [PMID: 30007006 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A hydrophobic ionic liquid modified thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted monolith was synthesized using N-isopropylacrylamide as a thermoresponsive monomer and a long-chain hydrophobic ionic liquid as an auxiliary modification monomer. The ionic-liquid-modified thermoresponsive molecularly imprinted polymer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. When the column temperature was 50°C, the synthesized monolithic column was successfully applied to the selective separation of homologue tanshinones within 7 min and eluted only by water (mobile phase) (theoretical plates more than 1.00 × 105 per meter). The negative Gibbs free energy (≤-2.37) values showed that the transfer of the tanshinones from the mobile phase to the stationary phase on this monolithic column was a thermodynamically spontaneous process. Good linearity of the five tanshinones by thermoresponsive monolith was obtained in the range of 0.100-25.0 μg/mL. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) and limit of quantitation (S/N = 10) were less than 0.0390 and 0.0630 μg/mL, respectively, with a relative standard deviation of <4.8%. In this proposed thermoresponsive chromatography method, the separation of homologue analytes can be achieved by changing the column temperature, and the use of water as the mobile phase would decrease the economic cost and organic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Row
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
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13
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Mohebali A, Abdouss M, Zahedi P. Isosorbide dinitrate template-based molecularly imprinted poly(methacrylic acid) nanoparticles: effect of initiator concentration on morphology and physicochemical properties. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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14
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Porous monoliths for on-line sample preparation: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 964:24-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Acquah C, Danquah MK, Moy CKS, Anwar M, Ongkudon CM. Thermogravimetric characterization of ex situ polymethacrylate (EDMA-co-GMA) monoliths. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Acquah
- Curtin Sarawak Research Institute; Curtin University; Sarawak, 98009 Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Curtin University; Sarawak, 98009 Malaysia
| | - Michael K. Danquah
- Curtin Sarawak Research Institute; Curtin University; Sarawak, 98009 Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Curtin University; Sarawak, 98009 Malaysia
| | - Charles K. S. Moy
- Department of Civil Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University; Jiangsu, 215123 China
| | - Mahmood Anwar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Curtin University; Sarawak, 98009 Malaysia
| | - Clarence M. Ongkudon
- Biotechnology Research Institute; Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu; Sabah 88400 Malaysia
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16
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Molecularly imprinted polymers for bioanalytical sample preparation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1043:107-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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17
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Chocholoušková M, Komendová M, Urban J. Retention of small molecules on polymethacrylate monolithic capillary columns. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1488:85-92. [PMID: 28162237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the concentration of N-isopropylacrylamide in the polymerization mixture has been varied to prepare several polymethacrylate monolithic capillary columns. Polymer monoliths combining N-isopropylacrylamide with zwitterion monomer, as well as various dimethacrylate crosslinking monomers have been prepared and characterized. Uracil, thiourea, phenol, toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, and butylbenzene have been used to characterize retention of prepared capillary columns in the mobile phases with 40-95% of acetonitrile and at working temperatures ranging from 25 to 60°C. By an optimization of six-parameter polynomial models we have found that the retention of small molecules is affected mainly by the concentration of the acetonitrile in the mobile phase with very low contribution of working temperature and combined effect of acetonitrile concentration and temperature. Concentration of the mobile phase controlled also enthalpy of the retention. On the other hand, entropic contribution was almost insensitive to the change of the mobile phase composition, especially for mobile phases containing more than 60% of acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Chocholoušková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Komendová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Urban
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic.
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Zhang J, Qi L, Zheng WT, Tian YL, Chi AP, Zhang ZQ. Novel functionalized poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) microspheres for the solid-phase extraction of glycopeptides/glycoproteins. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:1107-1114. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an China
- Institute of Sports Biology; School of Physical Education; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an China
| | - Liang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an China
| | - Wei-Ting Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an China
| | - Yong-Le Tian
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an China
| | - Ai-Ping Chi
- Institute of Sports Biology; School of Physical Education; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an China
| | - Zhi-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province; School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an China
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Wang Q, Biswas CS, Galluzzi M, Wu Y, Du B, Stadler FJ. Random copolymer gels of N-isopropylacrylamide and N-ethylacrylamide: effect of synthesis solvent compositions on their properties. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27348c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Random copolymer gels of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and N-ethylacrylamide (NEAM) were synthesized using 1 : 1 monomer molar ratio in different methanol–water mixtures. (xm = 0, 0.06, 0.13, 0.21, 0.31 0.43, 0.57, 0.76, where xm = mole fraction of methanol) (xm = 0, 0.06, 0.13, 0.21, 0.31, 0.43, 0.57, 0.76, where xm = mole fraction of methanol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
| | - Chandra Sekhar Biswas
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
| | - Massimiliano Galluzzi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
| | - Yuhang Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
| | - Bing Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
| | - Florian. J. Stadler
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology
- Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials
- Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation
- Shenzhen University
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Selective extraction of proteins and other macromolecules from biological samples using molecular imprinted polymers. Bioanalysis 2016; 8:2255-2263. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2016-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate determination of intact macromolecules in biological samples, such as blood, plasma, serum, urine, tissue and feces is a challenging problem. The increased interest in macromolecules both as candidate drugs and as biomarkers for diagnostic purposes means that new method development approaches are needed. This review charts developments in the use of molecularly imprinted polymers first for small-molecular-mass compounds then for proteins and other macromolecules. Examples of the development of molecularly imprinted polymers for macromolecules are highlighted. The two main application areas to date are sensors and separation science, particularly SPE. Examples include peptides and polypeptides, lysozyme, hemoglobin, ovalbumin, bovine serum albumin and viruses.
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