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Zhen T, Wang H, Li C, Bai H, Qin F, Zhang H, Sun L. Characterization of chemical ingredients and in rats metabolic profiling of Lingyang Qingfei pills via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with Quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200793. [PMID: 37528471 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Lingyang Qingfei pills (LQP), the renowned traditional Chinese medicine recipe, have been extensively utilized for the therapy of xerostomia, sore throat, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia in clinics. However, its phytochemicals remain equivocal, which severely limits the development of quality control and activity mechanisms. In the current research, a trusted method founded on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with Quadrupole-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry technique was proposed for the comprehensive screening of in vitro and in vivo chemical compositions of LQP. As a consequence, 239 constituents were preliminarily characterized, 37 of which were accurately confirmed by reference standards. In addition, a total of 208 xenobiotics, containing 71 absorbed prototypes and 137 metabolites, were revealed in rat plasma, bile, urine, and feces, respectively. The metabolic reaction of hydrolysis, hydroxylation, methylation, glycosylation, sulfation, and mixed-mode was detected in the biotransformations of flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, organic acids, phenylpropanoids, and so forth. And 12 of the metabolites were new compounds. This experiment acted as the first reference for chemical substances and metabolites of LQP, which could provide valuable chemical information for further clarifying pharmacodynamic substances and pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongjin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Caihong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huafang Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feixu Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang R, Duan R, Wang W, Yu Z, Li Y, Zhao Y. Study on the dynamic variation of the secondary metabolites in Viscum coloratum using targeted metabolomics. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:308-320. [PMID: 37120249 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60439-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai is a well-known medicinal plant. However, the optimal harvest time for V. coloratum is unknown. Few studies were performed to analyze compound variation during storage and to improve post-harvest quality control. Our study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the quality of V. coloratum in different growth stages, and determine the dynamic variation of metabolites. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify 29 compounds in V. coloratum harvested in six growth periods, and the associated biosynthetic pathways were explored. The accumulation of different types of compounds were analyzed based on their synthesis pathways. Grey relational analysis was used to evaluate the quality of V. coloratum across different months. The compound variation during storage was analyzed by a high-temperature high-humidity accelerated test. The results showed that the quality of V. coloratum was the hightest in March, followed by November, and became the lowest in July. During storage, compounds in downstream steps of the biosynthesis pathway were first degraded to produce the upstream compounds and some low-molecular-weight organic acids, leading to an increase followed by a decrease in the content of some compounds, and resulted in a large gap during the degradation time course among different compounds. Due to the rapid rate and large degree of degradation, five compounds were tentatively designated as "early warning components" for quality control. This report provides reference for better understanding the biosynthesis and degradation of metabolites in V. coloratum and lays a theoretical foundation for rational application of V. coloratum and better quality control of V. coloratum during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhen Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhiguo Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Wang LS, Chen PJ, Cheng WC, Chang YC, El-Shazly M, Chen LY, Peng BR, Su CH, Yen PT, Hwang TL, Lai KH. Chemometric-guided chemical marker selection: A case study of the heat-clearing herb Scrophularia ningpoensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1153710. [PMID: 37056509 PMCID: PMC10088908 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1153710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The selection of medicinal plants' chemical markers focuses on bioactivity as the primary goal, followed by the nature of secondary metabolites, their stability, and availability. However, herbal medicines are valued for their complex and holistic pharmacological effects. A correct chemical marker can be carefully selected by a systematic clarification of their chemical-biological relationships. In the current study, the multi-informative molecular networking (MIMN) approach was employed to construct the anti-inflammatory metabolomic pattern of a heat-clearing herb, Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. (S. ningpoensis). The MIMN molecular families characterized by cinnamic acid glycosides showed a higher bioactivity score compared with the other two major chemical classes (iridoid glycosides and iridoid-cinnamic acid glycosides). The Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) and Reaxys database were used to assist in the putative annotation of eighteen metabolites from the bioactive and non-bioactive molecular families. The anti-inflammatory validation step was based on the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by activated human neutrophils. All compounds from the bioactive MIMN molecular families dose-dependently inhibited the total ROS generation promoted by fMLF (IC50: 0.04-0.42 μM), while the compounds from non-bioactive MIMN clusters did not show any significant anti-inflammatory effect. The ROS-dependent anti-inflammatory activity of these cinnamic acid glycosides was attributed to their oxygen radical scavenging ability. The most abundant cinnamic acid glycoside, angoroside C (IC50: 0.34 μM) was suggested to be selected as a chemical marker for S. ningpoensis. In this study, the MIMN platform was applied to assist in the chemical marker selection of S. ningpoensis. The correct selection of markers will aid in the compilation and revision of herbal monographs and pharmacopeias resulting in the precise analysis and classification of medicinal plants on a scientific basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Shuo Wang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Cornucopia Traditional Medicine Clinic, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Sin-Lau Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lo-Yun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Rong Peng
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Han Su
- Department of Food Science, College of Human Ecology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Tzu Yen
- Cornucopia Traditional Medicine Clinic, Tainan, Taiwan
- Jian Sheng Tang Chinese Medicine Clinic, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hung Lai
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li J, Ye Z, Wei M, Deng C, Chi L, Xu L, Han Z, Wei W. Evaluation of Chrysanthemi Indici Flos germplasms based on nine bioactive constituents and color parameters. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283498. [PMID: 37083577 PMCID: PMC10121038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysanthemi Indici Flos (CIF) is the inflorescence of Chrysanthemum indicum L., which exists in various shades of yellow and has pharmacologically active constituents. It is widely used for medicinal purposes in China, Japan, and South Korea to treat inflammatory diseases. Its external color is usually used to judge its internal quality in trade; however, the correlation between its color and chemical constituents is unknown. Here, we simultaneously determined five phenylpropanoids (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, and isochlorogenic acids A, B, and C) and four flavonoids (linarin, luteolin, apigenin, and acacetin) of 70 CIF germplasms using a newly established UPLC method; furthermore, we measured their color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) using a spectrophotometer. Our results showed considerable variations in the bioactive constituent contents and color parameters of CIF. The content of the five phenylpropanoids and the relative correlation degree γi of the nine constituents were positively correlated with color parameters, which could be rapidly predicted based on L* and/or b*. Moreover, we screened out a high-quality germplasm with a high linarin content and bright colors using the hierarchical clustering method. Our results provide comprehensive insight into CIF's quality evaluation process, particularly the methods for procuring high-quality medicinal materials and breeding by color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai Plateau Tree Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
- Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Innovation Center Co., Ltd., China Resources Sanjiu Modern Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Innovation Center Co., Ltd., China Resources Sanjiu Modern Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Min Wei
- Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Innovation Center Co., Ltd., China Resources Sanjiu Modern Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Changrong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai Plateau Tree Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Lianfeng Chi
- Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Innovation Center Co., Ltd., China Resources Sanjiu Modern Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Innovation Center Co., Ltd., China Resources Sanjiu Modern Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Zhengzhou Han
- Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Innovation Center Co., Ltd., China Resources Sanjiu Modern Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Weifeng Wei
- Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Innovation Center Co., Ltd., China Resources Sanjiu Modern Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518110, China
- China Resources Sanjiu (Lu'an) Chinese Traditional Medicine Industry Development Co., Ltd., Lu'an, 237321, China
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Wang MY, Zhang P, Zhang YZ, Yuan XY, Chen RX. Chemical fingerprinting, quantification, and antioxidant activity evaluation of Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. Flowers by UPLC-ECD. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2057530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yang Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry of College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Analysis and Testing Center of Life Science institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry of College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yuan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry of College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Rong-Xiang Chen
- Analysis and Testing Center of Life Science institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Comparison of Chemical Constituents in Pseudostellariae Radix with Different Dosage Forms Based on HPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6644127. [PMID: 34046077 PMCID: PMC8128553 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6644127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Pseudostellariae Radix (PR) is an important traditional Chinese herbal medicine with vast clinical consumptions, which has two different dosage forms, PR decoction pieces and PR formula granules. However, these two forms are bound to have an impact on the accumulation of the effective components in PR, so the effectiveness of clinical use cannot be guaranteed. Objective To determine the effective composition of PR. Methods In this research, PR decoction pieces and formula granules were collected, and their composition was detected by HPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS; multivariate statistical analysis was used to distinguish differential metabolites between PR decoction pieces and formula granules. Results A clear cut difference in the composition of the two groups was observed. 98 differential chemical constituents could be identified in the positive mode, while 52 differential chemical compositions could be identified in the negative mode. The differential chemical compositions were mainly concentrated in flavonoids, organic acids, fatty acids, and amino acids and present different change rules, mainly involved in the isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis metabolic pathways. Conclusions This study provides basic information to reveal the influence law of different dosage forms on the metabolite synthesis and quality formation mechanism of PR.
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Hua Y, Xie F, Zhou S. Difference of Chemical Compositions in Fu Zheng Fang with Different Dosage Forms Based on HPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916999200423103041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Fu Zheng Fang (FZF) is an important Chinese medicine prescription for tumor treatment in
our hospital, which has two different types, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction pieces and TCM formula
granules.
Objective:
This study aimed to determine the effective composition of the drug FZF.
Methods:
In this research, FZF decoction pieces and FZF formula granules were collected and their
composition, determined by HPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS, and multivariate statistical analysis, was
applied to distinguish differential metabolite patterns between two groups.
Results:
A clear cut difference in the composition of the two groups was observed. 124 differential chemical
compositions could be identified in positive mode, while 59 differential chemical compositions could be identified in
negative mode. The differential chemical compositions were mainly concentrated in flavonoids, organic acids, fatty
acids, amino acids compounds, and presenting different change rules, mainly involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis,
flavone and flavonol biosynthesis two metabolic pathways.
Conclusion:
This study provides basic information that may be of use in the formulation of the drug in
different dosages and in the examination of their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Hua
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Fen Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Shijun Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
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Zhang Q, Liu A, Wang Y. Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl: a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control and pharmacokinetics. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:573-600. [PMID: 33772290 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl (SNH) is a commonly used medicinal plant in East Asia. Scrophulariae Radix (SR) is the dried roots of SNH, and is one of the most commonly used medicinal parts of SNH, and is an essential traditional medicine and widely used in East Asia for more than 2000 years. SR is used for clearing away heat and cooling blood, nourishing Yin and reducing fire, detoxicating and resolving a mass. The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control and pharmacokinetics of SNH based on the surveyed and summarized literature. KEY FINDINGS Up to now, iridoids, phenolic glycosides, phenolic acids, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes and other compounds have been isolated and identified from SNH. The extract and chemical components of SNH exerts multiple pharmacological effects, such as hepatoprotective effect, anti-inflammatory effect, neuroprotective effect, anti-ventricular remodeling effect and other activities. Various methods have been developed for the quality control of SNH, mainly for SR. Some bioactive compounds in SNH exhibited different pharmacokinetic behaviours and individual metabolic transformation profiles. SUMMARY This review will contribute to understanding the correlation between the pharmacological activities and the traditional usage of SNH, and useful to rational use and drug development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - An Liu
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cai Z, Liao H, Wang C, Chen J, Tan M, Mei Y, Wei L, Chen H, Yang R, Liu X. A comprehensive study of the aerial parts of Lonicera japonica Thunb. based on metabolite profiling coupled with PLS-DA. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2020; 31:786-800. [PMID: 32342594 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lonicera japonica Thunb. is an economically important species of honeysuckle belonging to the Caprifoliaceae family. All aerial parts of L. japonica (leaf, flower bud, flower, and caulis) are used as herbal remedies in traditional Chinese medicine. The application of plant metabolomics to the study of L. japonica provides the potential for identifying the phytochemical composition and useful chemical markers of the plant. OBJECTIVE To develop a strategy integrating metabolic profiling and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to separate the aerial parts of L. japonica based on the occurrence of chemical markers. METHODOLOGY The two-part strategy consisted of (1) ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-triple TOF-MS/MS), (2) PLS-DA, which was applied to distinguish between the different aerial parts and reveal their differential characteristic metabolites. RESULTS A total of 71 metabolites were identified from samples, and eight candidate compounds were identified (lonicerin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, loganin, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid C, secologanic acid, luteoloside, astragalin) as optimal chemical markers based on variable importance in projection (VIP) and p-value. The relative contents of eight candidate compounds were compared based on their peak intensities. CONCLUSION This study established an efficient strategy for exploring metabolite profiling and defining chemical markers among the different aerial parts of L. japonica, and laid the foundation for elucidating the phytochemical differences in efficacy between Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (LJF) and Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis (LJC). Our findings also indicate that the leaves of L. japonica leaf could be used as an alternative medicinal resource for LJF and provide a reference for comprehensive exploitation and utilisation of L. japonica resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichen Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiying Liao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengxia Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqi Mei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lifang Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xunhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Ren Y, Ai J, Liu X, Liang S, Zheng Y, Deng X, Li Y, Wang J, Deng X, Chen LL. Anticoagulant active ingredients identification of total saponin extraction of different Panax medicinal plants based on grey relational analysis combined with UPLC-MS and molecular docking. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:112955. [PMID: 32422355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional use, Panax medicinal plants (ginseng, red ginseng, notoginseng, Panax japonicus, and Panacis majoris rhizoma) have different bioactivities from each other, even under different dosages, but their chemical compositions are very similar; so the question is, what is the primary effective substance induced the different efficacy, and how to identify them from a group of chemical constituents? AIM OF THE STUDY The goal of this research was to provide a strategy to determine the effective substance in Panax genus medicinal plants responsible for the anticoagulant response. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research used ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) to analyze the saponin chemical compositions of different concentration ethanol extraction of notoginseng and the ginseng genus medical plant 75% ethanol extraction (Panax ginseng, red ginseng, Panax japonicus, Panacis majoris rhizome), and used four coagulation factors (PT, TT, APTT, Fib) to evaluate the anticoagulant activity of the extracts. Grey correlation analysis was applied to establish the spectral effect relationship and give the anticoagulant potency of different saponins. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were adopted to clarify and verify the possible mechanisms of anticoagulant action. RESULTS The results showed that the blood physiological regulation activities of Panax medicinal plants were different according to the solvent concentration, processing, species and dosage. Overall, the most suitable solvent for extraction of SQ was 75% ethanol; At low dosage (10-100 mg/mL), the anticoagulant effect of Panax medical plants was: ZJS > ZZS > SQ > RS > HS, and at high doses (100-1000 mg/mL) was: SQ > ZJS > ZZS > RS > HS. GRA and molecular docking results showed the contribution of some components (NG-R2, NG-Fc/G-Ra1/G-Ra2, G-Rc, G-Rk3, and G-Rh4) to the whole anticoagulant activity of the drug were increased, while the effect of CS-IVa was just decreased with the increase of dosage; the anticoagulant effect of G-Rg3 (the main anticoagulant component) is mainly related to the targets F2, AR, RHO, ACR, MB, GZMB, B2M, CA2, CAT, and PAPOLA. CONCLUSION This study determined the effective substance of anti-coagulation of ginseng genus herbal medicines and the regulation of different anticoagulant effects of TCM by changing various influencing conditions, including processing method, extraction method, and dose. It also provided an effective strategy for effective substances identification of multicomponent, multifunction, and multipurpose herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshen Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Jiao Ai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Xinqiao Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Shuai Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Yao Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Xin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Xukun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, PR China.
| | - Lin-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China.
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Shang Z, Xu L, Wang H, Sun L, Bo T, Ye M, Qiao X. Targeted characterization of acylated compounds from Scrophulariae Radix using liquid chromatography coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry and diagnostic product ion-based data analysis. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:3391-3398. [PMID: 32548888 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Acylated compounds are often present in herbal medicines. In this study, a diagnostic product ion-based strategy was established to comprehensively characterize acylated compounds in Scrophulariae Radix. After untargeted data acquisition using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry, the data were processed by three-stage diagnostic product ions. First, diagnostic product ions corresponding to the acyl groups (cinnamoyl, p-coumaroyl, feruloyl, and caffeoyl) were used to search 90 compounds. Second, these compounds were divided into three categories using diagnostic product ions for phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoid glycosides, and phenylpropanoids, respectively. Last, the linkage position of the acyl group to iridoid glycosides was discriminated via the third-stage diagnostic product ions. As a result, 90 acylated compounds were characterized, and 37 of them were reported from Scrophulariae Radix for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanpeng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Haidong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Long Sun
- ThermoFisher Scientific, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Tao Bo
- ThermoFisher Scientific, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
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12
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Xie G, Jiang Y, Huang M, Zhu Y, Wu G, Qin M. Dynamic analysis of secondary metabolites in various parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 186:113307. [PMID: 32375107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis are used as traditional medicines for thousands of years in China, nevertheless the stems and leaves were discarded as non-medicinal parts. Modern research have indicated the chemical constituents in the stems and leaves are similar to the identified in the roots, and the therapeutic effects of stems and leaves are superior to roots for some disease. In the study, the chemical constituents in roots, stems and leaves of S. ningpoensis were analyzed qualitatively by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. 40 compounds including 17 iridoid glycosides, 15 phenylpropanoids and 8 flavonoids were identified. Meantime, the dynamic accumulations of six index constituents in various parts were measured by HPLC-DAD. The results indicated the S. ningpoensis stems contained high content of aucubin (30.09 mg/g) and harpagide (28.4 mg/g) in August, and the leaves contained high content of harpagoside (12.02 mg/g) in July. The study provides the basis for the full development and utilization of the resource of stems and leaves from S. ningpoensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Xie
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Jiang
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Minjian Qin
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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