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Zhang Q, Yao X, He M, Chen B, Zhu N, Hu B. Porous aromatic framework/polydimethylsiloxane coated stir bar sorptive extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection of trace polychlorinated biphenyls analysis in environmental waters. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1688:463709. [PMID: 36528902 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A porous aromatic framework (PAF-47) synthesized through Suzuki coupling reaction was introduced to prepare PAF-47/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coated stir bar by sol-gel technique. PAF-47/PDMS coating provided high extraction recovery (77.6-90.6%, the ratio of actual enrichment factor (EF) to theoretical EF) for five polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a relatively short time (60 min), exhibiting a faster extraction kinetics over commercial PDMS coating (12/24 h). Based on this, a new method based on PAF-47/PDMS coated stir bar sorptive extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection was proposed for trace analysis of target PCBs in environmental water. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection for five PCBs were within 44-70 ng/L, with actual EF of 64.0-71.5-fold (maximal EF of 83.3-fold). This method was successfully used to detect trace PCBs in Yangtze River water and East Lake water, with recoveries of 81.0-113% and 86.1-111%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xuezi Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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2
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Wang X, Li C, Wu D, Shen J, Wei Y, Wang C. Enrichment of polychlorinated biphenyls in river water by using magnetic adsorbents with high selectivity to nonplanar aromatic compounds and their analysis with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Wang
- Department of Analytical Science, Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Analytical Science, Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Solid Phase Materials Sunresin New Materials Co., Ltd. Xi'an China
| | - Jiwei Shen
- Department of Analytical Science, Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Department of Analytical Science, Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Chaozhan Wang
- Department of Analytical Science, Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an China
- Instrumental Analysis Lab National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (Northwest University) Xi'an China
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3
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Pang T, Chen X, Hu K, Cui Y, Zhao W, Zeng H, Zhang Z, Zhang S. Preparation of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene based solid-phase microextraction coating for sensitive determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental water samples. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3398-3406. [PMID: 34265181 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a new Ti3 C2 Tx -coated fiber was synthesized and utilized as coatings for solid-phase microextraction of seven polychlorinated biphenyls. The as-produced multilayered Ti3 C2 Tx MXene was characterized by X-ray diffractometer, thermos-gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. It is noteworthy that the Ti3 C2 Tx showed some attractive features including unique 2D layered structures, large surface area, good hydrophilicity, and rich active recognition sites, endowing it has a high affinity towards the target polychlorinated biphenyls. Subsequently, the affecting parameters on the extraction efficiency of polychlorinated biphenyls were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, a novel method for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples was proposed. The Ti3 C2 Tx -coated fiber-based solid-phase microextraction method showed good linearity (r2 > 0.9928), high enrichment factors (268-442), low limits of detection (0.06-0.15 ng/L), and satisfactory repeatability (RSDs < 7.5%) for the polychlorinated biphenyls. The excellent method recoveries were in the range of 90.0-98.4, 92.0-98.2, and 92.0-98.0% for river water, lake water, and tap water samples, respectively. These results suggested that the proposed Ti3 C2 Tx -coated fiber-based method represents a promising alternative for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Pang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kai Hu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongxia Cui
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huahui Zeng
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Center for Modern Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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4
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Tan SC, Lee HK. Fully automated graphitic carbon nitride-based disposable pipette extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of six polychlorinated biphenyls in environmental waters. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1637:461824. [PMID: 33383240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A fully automated online emulsification-enhanced disposable pipette extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (EE-DPX-GC-MS) method has been developed for the extraction of six polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from environmental waters. An in-house prepared material, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), was used as sorbent in a home-packed DPX device. The six PCBs studied include PCB 10, 28, 52, 153, 138 and 180. g-C3N4 was characterized successfully by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. As a C-N analogue of graphite, the two-dimensional structure of g-C3N4 allows rapid analyte adsorption and desorption to take place. With a significant number of nitrogen functionalities in g-C3N4, the material dispersed well in aqueous sample, increasing the active surface area of contact between the sorbent and the sample. When coupled with a pre-emulsification step, PCBs in each portion of sample could be efficiently extracted by g-C3N4 within 20 s of gentle turbulence. Under the most favorable conditions, the automated online EE-DPX-GC-MS method achieved wide dynamic working ranges with good linearity (r2 ≥ 0.998) for all analytes. Limits of detection ranging between 4.35 and 7.82 ng L-1 were attained, with enrichment factors of between 34 and 57 and relative standard deviations (RSDs) for intra- and inter-day precision of ≤ 8.95% and ≤ 12.6%, respectively. Absolute recoveries were between 69.3% and 109%. The fully automated online EE-DPX-GC-MS approach was applied to industrial wastewaters and reservoir waters where good relative recoveries of PCBs of between 89.3% and 105% were obtained, with RSDs ≤ 11.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Chieh Tan
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, University Hall, Tan Chin Tuan Wing #04-02, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Hian Kee Lee
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, University Hall, Tan Chin Tuan Wing #04-02, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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He M, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Zang L, Chen B, Hu B. Stir bar sorptive extraction and its application. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1637:461810. [PMID: 33360434 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress of stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) in the past six years is reviewed. The preparation methods including electrodeposition, self-assembly, solvent exchange, physical magnetic adsorption and electrostatic spinning, for the coated stir bar are summarized and compared, specifically for a specific material for coatings fabrication, e.g., carbon-based materials and metal organic frameworks. The emerging materials (e.g., graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, monolith, metal-organic frameworks and porous organic polymers) applied for coated stir bar fabrication are one of the focus of this review, along with their respective advantages in extraction process and application in trace analysis. The development and application of extraction apparatus of SBSE are also involved. Based on these information, the development status and prospects of SBSE as an efficient sample pretreatment technique in real sample analysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiulin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lijuan Zang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Fan W, He M, You L, Chen B, Hu B. Spiral stir bar sorptive extraction with polyaniline‐polydimethylsiloxane sol‐gel packings for the analysis of trace estrogens in environmental water and animal‐derived food samples. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1137-1144. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Fan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Man He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Linna You
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education)Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan P. R. China
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7
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Magnetic stir bars with hyperbranched aptamer as coating for selective, effective headspace extraction of trace polychlorinated biphenyls in soils. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1614:460715. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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8
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Nasiri M, Ahmadzadeh H, Amiri A. Sample preparation and extraction methods for pesticides in aquatic environments: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Marsin FM, Wan Ibrahim WA, Nodeh HR, Sanagi MM. New magnetic oil palm fiber activated carbon-reinforced polypyrrole solid phase extraction combined with gas chromatography-electron capture detection for determination of organochlorine pesticides in water samples. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1612:460638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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10
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Wang X, Kou H, Wang J, Du T, Teng R, Du X, Lu X. Mesostructured cellular foam solid‐phase microextraction coating for the highly sensitive recognition of polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2851-2857. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Haixia Kou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Tongtong Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Ruiju Teng
- Lanzhou Industrial Research Institute Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Xinzhen Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province Lanzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province Lanzhou P. R. China
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11
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Devaraj H, Pook C, Swift S, Aw KC, McDaid AJ. Profiling of headspace volatiles from Escherichia coli cultures using silicone-based sorptive media and thermal desorption GC-MS. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:4133-4141. [PMID: 30156752 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Headspace sorptive extraction technique using silicone based sorptive media coated stir bars is used for the first time here to extract, identify, and quantify heavy volatile organic compounds present in Escherichia coli culture headspace. Detection of infection presence is largely accomplished in laboratories through physical sampling and subsequent growth of cultures for biochemical testing. The use of volatile biomarkers released from pathogens as indicators for pathogenic presence can vastly reduce the time needed whilst improving the success rates for infection detection. To validate this, by using a contactless headspace sorptive extraction technique, the volatile compounds released from E. coli, grown in vitro, have been extracted and identified. Two different sorptive media for extracting these headspace volatiles were compared in this study and the identified volatiles were quantified. The large phase volume and wider retention of this sorptive technique compared to traditional sampling approach enabled preconcentration and collection of wider range of volatiles towards developing an extensive database of such heavy volatiles associated with E. coli. This supplements the existing data of potential bacterial markers and use of internal standards in these tests allows semi-quantitative estimation of these compounds towards the development and optimization of novel pathogen sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Devaraj
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chris Pook
- School of Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon Swift
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kean C Aw
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew J McDaid
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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