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Xu S, Wang J, Deng D, Sun Y, Wang X, Zhang Z. A pretreatment method combined matrix solid-phase dispersion with dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction for polybrominated diphenyl ethers in vegetables through quantitation of gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RSC Adv 2023; 13:15772-15782. [PMID: 37250217 PMCID: PMC10209630 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00320e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a novel pretreatment method for extraction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) using matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and depth purification using dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (DLLME) from vegetables was designed. The vegetables included three leafy vegetables (Brassica chinensis, Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel and Brassica rapa L.), two root vegetables (Daucus carota and Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), and Solanum melongena L. First, the freeze-dried powders of vegetables and sorbents were evenly ground to a mixture, which was then loaded into a solid phase column containing two molecular sieve spacers, one positioned at the top and the other at the bottom. The PBDEs were eluted with a small amount of solvent, concentrated, redissolved in acetonitrile, and then mixed with extractant. Next, 5 mL water was added to form an emulsion and centrifuged. Finally, the sedimentary phase was collected and injected into a gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system. The main factors such as the type of adsorbent, ratio of sample mass and adsorbents, volume of elution solvent used in the MSPD process, as well as the types and volume of dispersant and the, extractant used in DLLME were all evaluated using the single factor method. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method showed good linearity (R2 > 0.999) within the range of 1 to 1000 g kg-1 for all PBDEs and satisfactory recoveries of spiked samples (82.9-113.8%, except for BDE-183 (58.5-82.5%)) and matrix effects (-3.3-18.2%). The limits of detection and the limits of quantification were in the range of 1.9-75.1 g kg-1 and 5.7-25.3 g kg-1, respectively. Moreover, the total pretreatment and detection time was within 30 min. This method proved to be a promising alternative to other high-cost and time-consuming and multi-stage procedures for determination of PBDEs in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Junxia Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Dengxian Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Yueying Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Xuedong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Zhanen Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology No. 99, Xuefu Road Suzhou 215009 China
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Zhu Y, He P, Hu H, Qi M, Li T, Zhang X, Guo Y, Wu W, Lan Q, Yang C, Jin H. Determination of quinolone antibiotics in environmental water using automatic solid-phase extraction and isotope dilution ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1208:123390. [PMID: 35940057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of quinolones in humans and animals has become a major threat to public health. In this study, a simple, rapid, sensitive, and high throughput method based on automatic solid-phase extraction and isotope dilution ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was described for the determination of trace quinolones in environmental water. The proposed automated solid-phase extraction method was initially optimized, and the optimum experimental conditions found were 1 L water sample with 0.5 g/L Na2EDTA (pH 3) extracted and enriched by CNW Poly-Sery HLB cartridge at a flow rate of 50 mL/min and eluted by 8 mL of methanol. The linearity of the method ranged from 0.05 to 100 μg/L for 15 quinolones, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9993 to 0.9999. The limits of detection were in the low ng/L level, ranging from 0.005 to 0.051 ng/L. Finally, the optimized method was applied for determining trace levels of 15 quinolones in Wahaha pure water, tap water, river water, and seawater samples with good recoveries of 93 %-119 % and satisfactory relative standard deviations of 0.1 %-13.9 %. Fourteen quinolones were detected, and ofloxacin was the predominant congener in river water and seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhu
- Institute of Marine and Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Pengfei He
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China.
| | - Mengyu Qi
- Institute of Marine and Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuanming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Wenyan Wu
- Institute of Marine and Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Qingping Lan
- Institute of Marine and Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Cancan Yang
- Institute of Marine and Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316021, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan 316021, PR China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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Hu H, Li T, Bao J, Zhang X, Sun X, Xu K, Liu Q, Guo Y. Determination of Phthalates in Marine Sediments Using Ultrasonic Extraction Followed by Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:207-216. [PMID: 34159372 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A simple, rapid and novel method has been developed and validated for determination of 16 phthalates in marine sediment samples by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Freeze dried samples were first ultrasonic extraction by n-hexane:methylene chloride (1:1, v/v) and n-hexane:ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v) and followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction cleanup. The linearity of this method ranged from 1 to 1,000 μg/L, with regression coefficients ranging between 0.9993 and 0.9999. The limits of detection were in ng/g level, ranging between 0.1 and 0.25 ng/g (dry weight). The concentration of the total phthalates in marine sediment samples from Waters of Dongji (Zhoushan, China), Yueqing Bay (Wenzhou, China) and Coastal Waters of Yuhuan (Taizhou, China) ranged from 235.4 to 608.7 μg/kg with diisobutyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate being the major species, which constitutes of 94.6 and 98.1% of the total phthalates. The recoveries of spiked 16 phthalates at different concentration levels in sediment sample 3 of Waters of Dongji (Zhoushan, China) and sediment sample 3 of Yueqing bay (Wenzhou, China) were in the range of 78-117% and 83-114%, respectively, with relative standard deviations of 2.4-6.8% and 3.4-7.5% (n = 5), respectively. The performance of the proposed method was also compared with traditional Soxhlet extraction and column chromatography cleanup on the same genuine sediment samples and comparable efficiencies were obtained. It is concluded that this method can be successfully applied for the determination of phthalates in different marine sediment samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jingjiao Bao
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, No. 2 Tiansheng Road College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences Southwest University Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Xiumei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Kaida Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Qin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yuanming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Tiyu Road 28, Dinghai District, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Wu J, Zhi S, Jia C, Li X, Zhu X, Zhao E. Dispersive solid‐phase extraction combined with dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction for simultaneous determination of seven succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides in watermelon by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:3688-3696. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant and Environmental ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Beijing P. R. China
| | - Shenwei Zhi
- Institute of Plant and Environmental ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Beijing P. R. China
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural University Shenyang P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Jia
- Institute of Plant and Environmental ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xinghai Li
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural University Shenyang P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Zhu
- Institute of Plant and Environmental ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Beijing P. R. China
| | - Ercheng Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environmental ProtectionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Beijing P. R. China
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Chormey DS, Karakuş Y, Karayaka S, Özsöyler Ç, Bozdoğan AE, Bakırdere S. Multivariate optimization of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of paclobutrazol and triflumizole in water by GC-MS. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4541-4548. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dotse Selali Chormey
- Yıldız Technical University; Faculty of Art and Science; Chemistry Department; İstanbul Turkey
| | - Yeşim Karakuş
- Yıldız Technical University; Faculty of Art and Science; Chemistry Department; İstanbul Turkey
| | - Sena Karayaka
- Yıldız Technical University; Faculty of Art and Science; Chemistry Department; İstanbul Turkey
| | - Çağla Özsöyler
- Yıldız Technical University; Faculty of Art and Science; Chemistry Department; İstanbul Turkey
| | | | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Yıldız Technical University; Faculty of Art and Science; Chemistry Department; İstanbul Turkey
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