Synthesis of florisil materials modified with aliphatic or aromatic groups and the application for pipette-tip solid-phase extraction of rutin in orange peel

Novel bayberry-and-honeycomb-like magnetic surface molecularly imprinted polymers for the selective enrichment of rutin from Sophora japonica

Rutin (RT), a widely distributed natural flavonoid compound, has been generally utilized as an important active ingredient owing to its considerable biomedical and economic value. Inspired by the structure features of densely-packed bayberry and well-orientated honeycomb, a novel type of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (HB-TI-MMIPs) with abundant high-affinity and uniformly-distributed binding sites was rationally constructed for the selective enrichment of RT from Sophora japonica. The polymerization conditions, physicochemical properties, and adsorption performance of the imprinted nanomaterials were systematically investigated. The optimized HB-TI-MMIPs display a high adsorption capacity, fast adsorption rate, and satisfactory selectivity towards RT. Meanwhile, the proposed analytical methodology using HPLC, with HB-TI-MMIPs as adsorbents, successfully applied to enrich and detect RT from Sophora japonica with high recoveries (87.2-94.6%) and good RSDs (lower than 4.3%). Therefore, the fabricated HB-TI-MMIPs with a fast magnetic responsivity and desirable adsorption performance would be attractive in plant active ingredients extraction fields.

1,3,5-Triethynylbenzene and melamine as monomers to synthesize three-dimensional network porous aromatic frameworks based silica/florisil for determination of carbendazim and thiabendazole in spinach

In this study, the new and efficient three-dimensional network porous aromatic frameworks materials called Silica-PAFs-a, Florisil-PAFs-a, Silica-PAFs-b, and Florisil-PAFs-b were first synthesized. The properties of materials were analyzed by five characterization methods. The materials were used as adsorbents in pipette-tip solid-phase extraction for the effective determination of carbendazim and thiabendazole in spinach sample. Meanwhile, the obtained materials were tested by static adsorption and dynamic adsorption. The result showed that the specific surface area of materials greatly increased after introducing three-dimensional network porous aromatic frameworks. Microstructural modification exposed a large number of amino reactive groups that made them have a better adsorption amount for the two targets. The calibration graphs of carbendazim and thiabendazole in methanol were linear over 0.10-300.0 µg/mL, and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.00546 and 0.0182 µg/mL, and 0.00741 and 0.0247µg/mL respectively. A reliable analytical method was developed for recognition targets in spinach sample by Silica-PAFs-b with satisfactory extraction recoveries (96.25 and 100.51%). The proposed method using the material was applied for trace analysis of the carbendazim and thiabendazole residue.

Optimization of heteroatom doped graphene oxide by deep eutectic solvents and the application for pipette-tip solid-phase extraction of flavonoids

In order to improve the permeation and adsorption properties of graphene oxide, heteroatoms and deep eutectic solvent were introduced in this study. After being modified, the structural properties of graphene oxide were improved and the materials were applied to the determination of myricetin and rutin in tea sample by pipette-tip solid-phase extraction method. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-Ray diffractomer, energy dispersive spectroscopy, atomic force microscope, and specific surface area by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller N₂ adsorption desorption analysis. Meanwhile, they were tested by static and dynamic adsorption. The result showed that the materials after modifying had better adsorption amount for myricetin and rutin than graphene oxide. The calibration graphs of myricetin and rutin in MeOH were linear over 0.10-500.00 µg/mL, and the limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 0.00546-0.0182 µg/mL and 0.00741-0.0247 µg/mL, respectively. A reliable analytical method was developed for recognition targets in tea sample by DES modified nitrogen-doped graphene oxide with satisfactory extraction recoveries (myricetin 99.77%, rutin 98.14%). It was potential for the rapid purification of myricetin and rutin in tea sample combined with the pipette-tip solid-phase extraction.