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Kontrec D, Jurin M, Jakas A, Roje M. New Levan-Based Chiral Stationary Phases: Synthesis and Comparative HPLC Enantioseparation of (±)- trans-β-Lactam Ureas in the Polar Organic Mode. Molecules 2024; 29:2213. [PMID: 38792075 PMCID: PMC11124272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the preparation of three new polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on levan carbamates (3,5-dimethylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, and 1-naphthyl) is described. The enantioseparation of (±)-trans-β-lactam ureas 1a-h was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on six different chiral columns (Chiralpak AD-3, Chiralcel OD-3, Chirallica PST-7, Chirallica PST-8, Chirallica PST-9, and Chirallica PST-10) in the polar organic mode, using pure methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), and acetonitrile (ACN). Apart from the Chirallica PST-9 column (based on levan tris(1-naphthylcarbamate), the columns exhibited a satisfactory chiral recognition ability for the tested trans-β-lactam ureas 1a-h.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mladenka Jurin
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.); (A.J.)
| | | | - Marin Roje
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruder Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.K.); (A.J.)
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2
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Liu H, Wu Z, Chen J, Wang J, Qiu H. Recent advances in chiral liquid chromatography stationary phases for pharmaceutical analysis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464367. [PMID: 37714014 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a common phenomenon in nature. Different enantiomers of chiral drug compounds have obvious differences in their effects on the human body. Therefore, the separation of chiral drugs plays an extremely important role in the safe utilization of drugs. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an effective tool for the separation and analysis of compounds, in which the chromatographic packing plays a key role in the separation. Chiral pharmaceutical separation and analysis in HPLC rely on chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Thus, various CSPs are being developed to meet the needs of chiral drug separation and analysis. In this review, recent developments in CSPs, including saccharides (cyclodextrin, cellulose, amylose and chitosan), macrocycles (macrocyclic glycopeptides, pillar[n]arene and polyamide) and porous organic materials (metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and porous organic cages), for pharmaceutical analysis in HPLC were summarized, the advantages and disadvantages of various stationary phases were introduced, and their development prospects were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zhihai Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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3
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Ma Z, Shang P, Liu D, Nie Y, Liu Y, Guo X, Wei B, Bai L, Qiao X. Preparation and chromatographic performance of chiral peptide-based stationary phases for enantiomeric separation. Chirality 2023; 35:636-644. [PMID: 36951148 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the development of three new chiral stationary phases. They are based on silica modified with peptides containing phenylalanine and proline. Successful analyses and characterizations were conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectra, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. After this, the enantioselective performance of the three chiral peptide-based columns was evaluated. The evaluation used 11 racemic compounds under normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography mode. Optimized enantiomeric separation conditions were established. Under these conditions, the enantiomers of flurbiprofen and naproxen were successfully separated on CSP-1 column: the separation factor of these was 1.27 and 1.21, respectively. In addition, the reproducibility of the CSP-1 column was also investigated. The results of the investigation illustrated that the stationary phases have good reproducibility (RSD = 0.73%, n = 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyue Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Panpan Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Delu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yangyang Nie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyuan Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Benben Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ligai Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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4
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Kaya C, Birgül K, Bülbül B. Fundamentals of chirality, resolution, and enantiopure molecule synthesis methods. Chirality 2023; 35:4-28. [PMID: 36366874 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The chirality of molecules is a concept that explains the interactions in nature. We may observe the same formula but different organizations revolving around the chiral center. Since Pasteur's meticulous observation of sodium ammonium tartrate crystals' structure, scientists have discovered many features of chiral molecules. The number of newly approved single enantiomeric drugs increases every year and takes place in the market. Thus, separation or resolution methods of racemic mixtures are of continued importance in the efficacy of drugs, installation of affordable production processes, and convenient synthetic chemistry practice. This article presents the asymmetric synthesis approaches and the classification of direct resolution methods of chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Kaya
- Department of Pharmacy, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Birgül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
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5
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Wang L, Han S, Yu H, Yu Q, Pei D, Lv W, Wang J, Li X, Ding R, Wang Q, Lv M. Porous Organic Cage-Embedded C10-Modified Silica as HPLC Stationary Phase and Its Multiple Separation Functions. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248895. [PMID: 36558026 PMCID: PMC9782137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reduced imine cage (RCC3) was covalently bonded to the surface of silica spheres, and then the secondary amine group of the molecular cage was embedded in non-polar C10 for modification to prepare a novel RCC3-C10@silica HPLC stationary phase with multiple separation functions. Through infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and nitrogen adsorption-desorption characterization, it was confirmed that RCC3-C10 was successfully bonded to the surface of silica spheres. The resolution of RCC3-C10@silica in reversed-phase separation mode is as high as 2.95, 3.73, 3.27 and 4.09 for p-phenethyl alcohol, 1-phenyl-2-propanol, p-methylphenethyl alcohol and 1-phenyl-1-propanol, indicating that the stationary phase has excellent chiral resolution performance. In reversed-phase and hydrophilic separation modes, RCC3-C10@silica realized the separation and analysis of a total of 70 compounds in 8 classes of Tanaka mixtures, alkylbenzene rings, polyphenyl rings, phenols, anilines, sulfonamides, nucleosides and flavonoids, and the analysis of a variety of chiral and achiral complex mixtures have been completed at the same time. Compared with the traditional C18 commercial column, RCC3-C10@silica exhibits better chromatographic separation selectivity, aromatic selectivity and polar selectivity. The multifunctional separation mechanism exhibited by the stationary phase originates from various synergistic effects such as hydrophobic interaction, π-π interaction, hydrogen bonding and steric interaction provided by RCC3 and C10 groups. This work provides flexible selectivity and application prospects for novel multi-separation functional chromatographic columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Siqi Han
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Dong Pei
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry & New Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wenjing Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Jiasheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Xingyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Ruifang Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
- Correspondence: (R.D.); (Q.W.); (M.L.)
| | - Qibao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
- Correspondence: (R.D.); (Q.W.); (M.L.)
| | - Mei Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
- Correspondence: (R.D.); (Q.W.); (M.L.)
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6
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Chromatographic supports for enantioselective liquid chromatography: Evolution and innovative trends. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1684:463555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Chen Y, Xia L, Li G. The progress on porous organic materials for chiral separation. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1677:463341. [PMID: 35870277 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chiral compounds have similar structures and properties, but their pharmacological action is very different or even opposite. Therefore, the separation of chiral compounds has great significance in pharmaceutical and agriculture. Porous organic materials are novel crystalline porous materials, which possess high surface area, controllable pore size, and favorable functionalization. Therefore, porous organic materials are considered to be an ideal material for chiral separation. In this review, we summarized the progress of chiral porous organic materials for chiral separation in recent years. Furthermore, the applications of chiral porous organic materials as chiral separation medias (chromatography stationary phases and membrane materials) in enantioseparation were highlighted. Finally, the remaining challenges and future directions for porous organic materials in chiral separation were also briefly outlined further to promote the development of porous organic materials in chiral separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling Xia
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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8
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Mabrouk M, Hammad SF, Mansour FR, Abdella AA. A Critical Review of Analytical Applications of Chitosan as a Sustainable Chemical with Functions Galore. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 54:840-856. [PMID: 35903052 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2099220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomass and biowastes stand as sustainable and cost-effective environmentally benign alternative feedstock. Chitosan is a biocompatible, bioactive, and biodegradable biopolymer derived from chitin to achieve eight aspects out of the 12 green chemistry principles. Chitosan got significant attention in several fields including chemical analysis, in addition to chemical functionally, which enabled its use as adsorbent and its structural crosslinking using various crosslinkers. The physicochemical, technological, and optical properties of chitosan have been extensively exploited in analysis. Mainly, deacetylation degree and molecular weight are controlling its properties and hence controlling its functions. This review presents a structure, properties, and functions relationships of chitosan. It also aims to provide an overview of the different functions that chitosan can serve in each analytical technique such as supporting matrix, catalyst…etc. The contribution of chitosan in improving the ecological performance is discussed in each technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokhtar Mabrouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Services Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sherin F Hammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Fotouh R Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Services Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Aya A Abdella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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9
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Lu YR, Yu YY, Chen JK, Guo P, Yang YP, Liu CF, Zhang JH, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Yuan LM. Superficial chiral etching on achiral metal-organic framework for HPLC enantioseparations. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3510-3519. [PMID: 35880615 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chiral metal-organic frameworks have shown great potential in enantioselective separation and asymmetric catalysis due to their diverse and adjustable structures with abundant chiral recognition sites. Herein, a new chiral postsynthetic modification was used for preparing an achiral@chiral metal-organic frameworks core-shell composite [Cu3 (Btc)2 ]@[Cu2 ((+)-Cam)2 Dabco] by a superficial chiral etching method. The [Cu3 (Btc)2 ]@[Cu2 ((+)-Cam)2 Dabco] composite was utilized as a novel chiral stationary phase for HPLC enantioseparation. Various racemates were separated on the [Cu3 (Btc)2 ]@[Cu2 ((+)-Cam)2 Dabco]-packed column (column A). It exhibited good chiral resolving ability toward many different kinds of racemates, especially chiral drugs. Among them, the highest resolution value for 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethanediol reach 2.70. The relative standard deviations of retention time and peak area for repeated separation of 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethanol were 0.45 % and 0.81 %, respectively. Compared with the resolution ability of [Cu2 ((+)-Cam)2 Dabco]-packed column (column B), the column A shows higher column efficiency and better separation performance than those of column B. The results indicated that the [Cu3 (Btc)2 ]@[Cu2 ((+)-Cam)2 Dabco] as stationary phase can greatly improve the column efficiency and chiral resolution ability of chiral metal-organic frameworks, which demonstrated that the superficial chiral etching as an economic and efficient strategy opens up a new way for the application of metal-organic frameworks. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Rui Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Yan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ping Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Fang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
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10
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Kozlov O, Záhoráková D, Armstrong DW, Gondová T. Enantiomeric separation of bupropion by liquid chromatography on derivatized cyclofructan chiral stationary phase. Chirality 2022; 34:1311-1319. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Kozlov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Hradec Králové Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Záhoráková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas USA
| | - Taťána Gondová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic
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11
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12
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Lima R, Fernandes C, Pinto MMM. Molecular modifications, biological activities, and applications of chitosan and derivatives: A recent update. Chirality 2022; 34:1166-1190. [PMID: 35699356 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides arouse great interest due to their structure and unique properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and absence of toxicity. Polysaccharides from marine sources are particularly useful due to the wide variety of applications and biological activities. Chitosan, a deacetylated derivative of chitin, is an example of an interesting bioactive marine-derived polysaccharide. Moreover, a wide variety of chemical modifications and conjugation of chitosan with other bioactive molecules are responsible for improvements in physicochemical properties and biological activities, expanding the range of applications. An overview of the synthetic approaches for preparing chitosan, chitosan derivatives, and conjugates is described and discussed. A recent update of the biological activities and applications in different research fields, mainly focused on the last 5 years, is presented, highlighting current trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Lima
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
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13
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Tang B, Wang W, Hou H, Liu Y, Liu Z, Geng L, Sun L, Luo A. A β-cyclodextrin covalent organic framework used as a chiral stationary phase for chiral separation in gas chromatography. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Practical Evaluation of Chitosan-Based Chiral Stationary Phase for Pharmaceutical Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Chromatographia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-022-04128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Pu Y, Shi J, Shi B, Li G, Du Y. Quaternized chitin used as chiral stationary phase for HPLC and the high enantioseparation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenamine racemates. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:809-813. [PMID: 34728299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Quaternized chitin (QC) with different degrees of substitution (DSs) and molecular weight (Mw) were homogeneously synthesized. Eight novel chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for HPLC were prepared by coating the QC on 3-aminopropyl silica gel, which were firstly used to separate 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenamine (THNA) racemates. Enantioseparation capability of the CSPs was evaluated and the influence factors including DS and Mw of QCs were explored respectively. The results demonstrated that the successful separation of THNA enantiomers was obtained by all the new CSPs of the chitin derivatives. Resolution (Rs) increased from 1.12 to 1.58 with the increase of DS of QC from 0.40 to 0.62, while the Rs decreased with the reduction of Mw of the products from 2.8 × 105 to 9.7 × 104. The maximum Rs is 2.29. A simple pathway for the fabrication of novel CSPs of cationic chitin derivatives is developed, which has potential application for the separation of THAN racemates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlin Pu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Jie Shi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Boan Shi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Guoxiang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China.
| | - Yumin Du
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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16
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Aboul-Enein HY, Kannappan V, Kanthiah S. Impact of cyclofructan derivatives as efficient chiral selector in chiral analysis: An overview. Chirality 2021; 34:364-373. [PMID: 34806232 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of chiral selectors for the separation and analysis of chiral molecules has been an evolving process happening over three decades, since the introduction of the first chiral stationary phase (CSP) in 1938. The main impetus for designing new chiral selectors is to get to most promising one which has a broad chiral recognition property, separation capability for a wide range of chiral analytes, and the cost-effective CSP, which is also a major concern. Today, we have more than 100 commercially available CSPs, and these are prepared by coating or immobilizing the classical chiral selectors on to the chromatographic support, normally, silica gel. The purpose of this review is to look at progress and the impact of cyclofructan derivatives, a novel chiral selector introduced recently, for performing chiral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Selvakumar Kanthiah
- Department of Quality Assurance, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
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17
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Zhang JH, Xie SM, Yuan LM. Recent progress in the development of chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:51-77. [PMID: 34729907 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Separations and analyses of chiral compounds are important in many fields, including pharmaceutical production, preparation of chemical intermediates, and biochemistry. High-performance liquid chromatography using a chiral stationary phase is regarded as one of the most valuable methods for enantiomeric separation and analysis because it is highly efficient, is broadly applicable, and has powerful separation capability. The focus for development of this method is the identification of novel chiral stationary phases with superior recognition performance and good stability. The present article reviews recent progress in the development of new chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography between January 2018 and June 2021. These newly reported chiral stationary phases are divided into three categories: small organic molecule-based (cyclodextrin and its derivatives, macrocyclic antibiotics, cinchona alkaloids, and other low molecular weight chiral molecules), macromolecule-based (cellulose and amylose derivatives, chitin and chitosan derivatives, and synthetic helical polymers) and chiral porous material-based (chiral metal-organic frameworks, chiral covalent organic frameworks, and chiral inorganic mesoporous silicas). Each type of chiral stationary phase is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
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Chen JK, Xu NY, Guo P, Wang BJ, Zhang JH, Xie SM, Yuan LM. A chiral metal-organic framework core-shell microspheres composite for high-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3976-3985. [PMID: 34490989 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The unique features of uniform and adjustable cavities, abundant chiral active sites, and high enantioselectivity make chiral metal-organic frameworks popular as an emerging candidate for enantioselective separation. However, the wide particle size distribution and irregular shape of as-synthesized metal-organic frameworks result in low column efficiency, undesired chromatographic peak shape, and high column backpressure of such metal-organic frameworks packed columns. Herein, we report the fabrication of chiral core-shell microspheres [Cu2 (d-Cam)2 (4,4'-bpy)]n @SiO2 composite for high-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation to overcome the above-mentioned problems. The [Cu2 (d-Cam)2 (4,4'-bpy)]n @SiO2 packed column gave high-resolution separation of racemates under low column backpressure (10-22 bar), indicating its synergistic effect of the good column packing property of the SiO2 microspheres and the chiral recognition ability of [Cu2 (d-Cam)2 (4,4'-bpy)]n crystals. Thirteen kinds of chiral compounds including alcohols, amines, ketones, epoxides, and organic bases were well separated with good peak shapes and high column efficiency (18200 plates/m for 1-(9-anthryl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol) on the [Cu2 (d-Cam)2 (4,4'-bpy)]n @SiO2 packed column. Among them, seven pairs of enantiomers achieved baseline separation and the resolution value for 1-(9-anthryl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol reached 11.22. Some effects such as column temperature, and analytes mass on the enantioseparations have been investigated. In addition, the [Cu2 (d-Cam)2 (4,4'-bpy)]n @SiO2 packed column exhibited good stability and repeatability for the separation of chiral compounds. The relative standard deviations for five replicate separations of 1-phenylethanol were less than 1.0, 1.5, 3.0, and 2.0% for the retention time, peak area, number of theoretical plates, and resolution, respectively. The research results demonstrated the development of chiral metal-organic frameworks core-shell microspheres composite provide a promising platform for their practical application in chiral separation fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Na-Yan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Ping Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China
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Weng ZZ, Xu H, Zhang W, Zhuang GL, Long LS, Kong XJ, Zheng LS. Enantioselective Recognition and Separation of C2 Symmetric Substances via Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:37412-37421. [PMID: 34340310 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A promising route toward the enantioselective recognition and separation of racemic molecules is the design of chiral metal-organic frameworks (CMOFs) with high enantioselectivity and stability. Herein, we report porous CMOFs Δ- and Λ-RuEu-MOFs constructed from the D3-symmetry helical chiral Ru(phen)3-derived tricarboxylate ligand and Eu2 units, which can be utilized as adsorbents for the enantioselective recognition and separation of 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) derivatives. Investigation of the circular dichroism enantiodifferentiation between the host and guest suggested that Δ- and Λ-RuEu-MOFs can be employed as chiral sensors to discriminate axial enantiomers due to their diastereomeric host-guest relationship. Density functional theory calculations reveal that chiral recognition is attributed to the distinguishing binding affinities stemming from N···H-O hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking between the host and guest. Moreover, the reticulate structure of Δ- and Λ-RuEu-MOFs can be readily recycled and reused for the successive enantioselective separation of BINOL up to 80% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhang Weng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Han Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Gui-Lin Zhuang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - La-Sheng Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiang-Jian Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lan-Sun Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Berkecz R, Németi G, Péter A, Ilisz I. Liquid Chromatographic Enantioseparations Utilizing Chiral Stationary Phases Based on Crown Ethers and Cyclofructans. Molecules 2021; 26:4648. [PMID: 34361801 PMCID: PMC8348247 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds can exist in different forms, where molecules possessing chirality play an essential role in living organisms. Currently, one of the most important tasks of modern analytical chemistry is the enantioseparation of chiral compounds, in particular, the enantiomers of compounds having biological and/or pharmaceutical activity. Whether the task is to analyze environmental or food samples or to develop an assay for drug control, well-reproducible, highly sensitive, stereoselective, and robust methods are required. High-performance liquid chromatography best meets these conditions. Nevertheless, in many cases, gas chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography, or capillary electrophoresis can also offer a suitable solution. Amino acids, proteins, cyclodextrins, derivatized polysaccharides, macrocyclic glycopeptides, and ion exchangers can serve as efficient selectors in liquid chromatography, and they are quite frequently applied and reviewed. Crown ethers and cyclofructans possessing similar structural characteristics and selectivity in the enantiodiscrimination of different amine compounds are discussed less frequently. This review collects information on enantioseparations achieved recently with the use of chiral stationary phases based on crown ethers or cyclofructans, focusing on liquid chromatographic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - István Ilisz
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Somogyi u. 4, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.B.); (G.N.); (A.P.)
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Slater BD, Hill MR, Ladewig BP. Solvent-induced enantioselectivity reversal in a chiral metal organic framework. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3319-3323. [PMID: 34212502 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Solvent-induced enantioselectivity reversal is a rarely reported phenomenon in porous homochiral materials. Similar behavior has been studied in chiral high performance liquid chromatography, where minor modifications to the mobile phase can induce elution order reversal of two enantiomers on a chiral stationary phase column. We report the first instance of solvent-induced enantioselectivity reversal in a homochiral metal organic framework. Further, we highlight the complex enantioselectivity behavior of homochiral metal organic frameworks toward racemic mixtures in the presence of solvents through racemate-solvent enantioselectivity and loading experiments as well as enantiopure-solvent loading experiments. We hypothesize that this interesting selectivity reversal behavior is likely to be observed in other competitive adsorption, nonchiral selective processes involving a solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Slater
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Barrer Centre, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,CSIRO, Private Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Clayton, Australia
| | - Matthew R Hill
- CSIRO, Private Bag 10, Clayton South MDC, Clayton, Australia
| | - Bradley P Ladewig
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Barrer Centre, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,Institute for Micro Process Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Wu D, Ma C, Fan GC, Pan F, Tao Y, Kong Y. Recent advances of the ionic chiral selectors for chiral resolution by chromatography, spectroscopy and electrochemistry. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:325-337. [PMID: 34117714 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ionic chiral selectors have been received much attention in the field of asymmetric catalysis, chiral recognition, and preparative separation. It has been shown that the addition of ionic chiral selectors can enhance the recognition efficiency dramatically due to the presence of multiple intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bond, π-π interaction, van der Waals force, electrostatic ion-pairing interaction, and ionic-hydrogen bond. In the initial research stage of the ionic chiral selectors, most of work center on the application in chromatographic separation (capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography). Differently, more and more attention has been paid on the spectroscopy (nuclear magnetic resonance, fluorescence, ultraviolet and visible absorption spectrum, and circular dichroism spectrum) and electrochemistry in recent years. In this tutorial review as regards the ionic chiral selectors, we discuss in detail the structural features, properties, and their application in chromatography, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Cong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gao-Chao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Fei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
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Preparation and evaluation of chiral open-tubular columns supported with zeolite silica nanoparticles and single/dual chiral selectors using capillary electrochromatography with amperometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462298. [PMID: 34111678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, novel stationary phase coatings by zeolite SiO2NPs coupled with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) or β-CD/L-phenylalanine were developed for chiral open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC). The OT columns were prepared taking advantage of the strong adhesion of polydopamine in one-step method. Scanning electron micrography and electroosmotic flow were used to characterize the prepared single/dual-selector OT columns. Chiral separation of four chiral analytes (catechin/epicatechin, ephedrine/pseudoephedrine, ritodrine and salbutamol) was carried out in order to evaluate the performance of the prepared columns in OT-CEC with amperometric detection system. In terms of migration time, peak area, resolution, and selectivity factor of catechin/epicatechin and salbutamol, the run-to-run, day-to-day, and column-to-column repeatability were within 8.9%. Under the optimum conditions, the developed methods were applied for the analyses of Chinese herbal medicine Catechu herbs and salbutamol aerosol samples.
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Immobilization of cellulase on monolith supported with Zr(IV)-based metal-organic framework as chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation of five basic drugs in capillary electrochromatography. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:186. [PMID: 33978843 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NH2)-incorporated organic polymer monolith was prepared by thermal polymerization. By virtue of the superior physical and chemical properties, the UiO-66-NH2-modified organic monolith was then functionalized by chiral selector cellulase via the condensation reaction between the primary amino groups and aldehyde groups. The synthesized materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, and nitrogen sorption isotherm. The cellulase@poly(glycidyl methacrylate-UiO-66-NH2-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (cellulase@poly(GMA-UiO-66-NH2-EDMA)) monolith was applied to enantiomerically separate the basic racemic forms of metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol, bisoprolol, and propranolol. In contrast to the cellulase@poly(GMA-co-EDMA) monolith without UiO-66-NH2, the cellulase@poly(GMA-UiO-66-NH2-EDMA) monolith reveals significantly improved enantiodiscrimination performance for metoprolol (Rs: 0 → 1.67), atenolol (Rs: 0 → 1.50), esmolol (Rs: 0 → 1.52), bisoprolol (Rs: 0 → 0.36), and propranolol (Rs: 0 → 0.44). The immobilization pH of cellulase, buffer pH, UiO-66-NH2 concentration, and the proportion of organic modifier were evaluated in detail with enantiomerically separating chiral molecules. The intra-day, inter-day, column-to-column, and inter-batch precision have been discussed, the result was preferable, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of separation parameters was <4.3%. Schematic representation of the preparation of a UiO-66-NH2-modified organic polymer monolith for enantioseparating five racemic β-blockers. UiO-66-NH2 was synthesized and converted into a monolith as the stationary phase. Then, the modified monolith containing cellulase as the chiral selector was applied in a capillary electrochromatography system for enantioseparating chiral drugs.
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Preparation and applications of cellulose-functionalized chiral stationary phases: A review. Talanta 2021; 225:121987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhao Y, Zhu X, Jiang W, Liu H, Sun B. Chiral Recognition for Chromatography and Membrane-Based Separations: Recent Developments and Future Prospects. Molecules 2021; 26:1145. [PMID: 33669919 PMCID: PMC7924630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of global industry and increasingly frequent product circulation, the separation and detection of chiral drugs/pesticides are becoming increasingly important. The chiral nature of substances can result in harm to the human body, and the selective endocrine-disrupting effect of drug enantiomers is caused by differential enantiospecific binding to receptors. This review is devoted to the specific recognition and resolution of chiral molecules by chromatography and membrane-based enantioseparation techniques. Chromatographic enantiomer separations with chiral stationary phase (CSP)-based columns and membrane-based enantiomer filtration are detailed. In addition, the unique properties of these chiral resolution methods have been summarized for practical applications in the chemistry, environment, biology, medicine, and food industries. We further discussed the recognition mechanism in analytical enantioseparations and analyzed recent developments and future prospects of chromatographic and membrane-based enantioseparations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huilin Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (W.J.); (B.S.)
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Xiong W, Lv Y, Peng B, Fu S, Duan A, Zhang M, Yuan L. Enantioselective resolutions by high‐performance liquid choromatography using chiral inorganic mesoporous silica. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202000086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wan‐Qi Xiong
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P.R. China
| | - Yun Lv
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P.R. China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P.R. China
| | - Shi‐Guo Fu
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P.R. China
| | - Ai‐Hong Duan
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Kunming P.R. China
| | - Li‐Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P.R. China
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Speybrouck D, Howsam M, Lipka E. Recent developments in preparative-scale supercritical fluid- and liquid chromatography for chiral separations. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Chen W, Zhang G, Wang J, Qiu G, Bai Z. Influence of phenyl group number on enantioseparation performance of chitosan‐based materials. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Gui‐Hua Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Guo‐Song Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Zheng‐Wu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan P. R. China
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Sun G, Lu Y. A novel one-pot strategy of preparation of N-phenylacrylamide-styrene co-polymer open tubular capillary column for peptides separation. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:4461-4468. [PMID: 33107702 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An open tubular capillary column (100 μm internal diameter and 120 cm length) was first fabricated with N-phenylacrylamide and styrene copolymer layer on the inner surface by in situ one-pot strategy, while ethylene dimethacrylate was used as the cross-linker. The pretreated silica-fused capillary was reacted with 3-trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate to attach a double-bond ligand onto the inner surface of the capillary. Further, a thick and stabile copolymer layer was generated on the inner surface of the capillary by the novel method in situ one-pot reaction of styrene-N-phenylacrylamide. The effects of reaction temperature and composition of the polymerization mixture on the morphology and permeability of the copolymer were investigated. The separation performance of the fabricated polymer columns were validated by separation of five synthetic peptides. The excellent efficiency (188 500 plates/m) of 100 μm internal diameter open tubular column with the separation media prepared by mixed one-pot copolymerization has not been achieved via the isocratic elution mode. The column to column, intraday, and interday repeatabilities evaluated from the relative standard deviation were found better than 4%, exhibiting considerable repeatability of the column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genlin Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, P. R. China
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Chitosan: Structural modification, biological activity and application. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:4532-4546. [PMID: 32941908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many by-products that are harmful to the environment and human health are generated during food processing. However, these wastes are often potential resources with high-added value. For example, crustacean waste contains large amounts of chitin. Chitin is one of the most abundant polysaccharides in natural macromolecules, and is a typical component of crustaceans, mollusks, insect exoskeleton and fungal cell walls. Chitosan is prepared by deacetylation of chitin and a copolymer of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine through β-(1 → 4)-glycosidic bonds. Chitosan has better solubility, biocompatibility and degradability compared with chitin. This review introduces the preparation, physicochemical properties, chemical and physical modification methods of chitosan, which could help us understand its biological activities and applications. According to the latest reports, the antibacterial activity, antioxidant, immune and antitumor activities of chitosan and its derivatives are summarized. Simultaneously, the various applications of chitosan and its derivatives are reviewed, including food, chemical, textile, medical and health, and functional materials. Finally, some insights into its future potential are provided, including novel modification methods, directional modification according to structure-activity relationship, activity and application development direction, etc.
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Feng Z, Yang Y, Xu G, Du Y, Sun X. Investigation of the synergistic effect with chiral D‐penicillamine functionalized gold nanoparticle as an additive for enantiomeric separation in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1060-1066. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yue Yang
- GCP officeZhongda HospitalSoutheast University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Guangfu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education)China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
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35
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Yu Y, Xu N, Zhang J, Wang B, Xie S, Yuan L. Chiral Metal-Organic Framework d-His-ZIF-8@SiO 2 Core-Shell Microspheres Used for HPLC Enantioseparations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:16903-16911. [PMID: 32176483 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chiral metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have aroused great attention in the chiral separation field based on their excellent characteristics, including abundant topological structures, large surface area, adjustable pore/channel sizes, multiple active sites, and good chemical stability. However, the irregular morphology and nonuniformity of the synthesized MOF particles cause low column efficiency and high column backpressure for MOF-packed columns, which significantly affects their separation performance. Herein, we prepared a homochiral d-his-ZIF-8@SiO2 composite by growing of d-his-ZIF-8 on the carboxylic-functionalized SiO2 microspheres via a simple one-pot synthesis approach. The d-his-ZIF-8@SiO2 core-shell microspheres with uniform particles and narrow size distribution were applied as the chiral stationary phase (CSP) for enantioseparations in HPLC. Various racemates were separated on the d-his-ZIF-8@SiO2-packed columns with n-hexane/isopropanol as the mobile phase. Eighteen racemates including alcohol, phenol, amine, ketone, and organic acid were well resolved on the homochiral d-his-ZIF-8@SiO2 CSP. The d-his-ZIF-8@SiO2 core-shell microspheres' CSP possesses an excellent chiral resolution ability toward various racemic compounds with good reproducibility and stability. Hence, the fabrication of chiral MOF@SiO2 core-shell microspheres is an effective strategy to improve the application of homochiral MOFs as CSPs in the field of chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Nayan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Bangjin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Shengming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Liming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
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Zhang GH, Xi JB, Chen W, Bai ZW. Comparison in enantioseparation performance of chiral stationary phases prepared from chitosans of different sources and molecular weights. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1621:461029. [PMID: 32192704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the enantioseparation performance of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) which were derived from chitosans of different sources and molecular weights. Therefore, chitosans of shrimp and crab shells were prepared. The viscosity-average molecular weights of the chitosans both prepared from shrimp and crab shells were 2.8 × 105 and 1.4 × 105. The chitosans were isobutyrylated yielding isopropylcarbonyl chitosans which were then derivatized with 4-methylphenyl isocyanate to provide chitosan 3,6-bis(4-methylphenylcarbamate)-2-(isobutyrylamide)s. The chitosan 3,6-bis(4-methylphenylcarbamate)-2-(isobutyrylamide)s were used as chiral selectors (CSs) with which the corresponding CSPs were prepared. With the same chiral analytes and under the same mobile phase conditions, the enantioseparation capability of the CSPs was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography. In two CSs prepared from the same source, the one with higher molecular weight showed better enantioseparation capability; in two CSs prepared with the chitosans of the same molecular weight, the one derived from shrimp shell exhibited better performance. With regard to the two shrimp chitosan CSs, most of chiral analytes interacted more strongly with the one with lower molecular weight, and an opposite trend was found for the two crab chitosan CSs. Based on the results observed in the present study and in previous work, we believe that the influence of molecular weight on CSP enantioseparation performance is related to the substituent introduced in the CS molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hua Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Jiang-Bo Xi
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Zheng-Wu Bai
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China.
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Lu L, Ma M, Gao C, Li H, Li L, Dong F, Xiong Y. Metal Organic Framework@Polysilsesequioxane Core/Shell-Structured Nanoplatform for Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E98. [PMID: 31991835 PMCID: PMC7076662 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern pharmaceutics requires novel drug loading platforms with high drug loading capacity, controlled release, high stability, and good biocompacity. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show promising applications in biomedicine owing to their extraordinarily high surface area, tunable pore size, and adjustable internal surface properties. However, MOFs have low stability due to weak coordinate bonding and limited biocompatibility, limiting their bioapplication. In this study, we fabricated MOFs/polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) nanocomposites and utilized them as drug carriers. Amine-functionalized MOF (UiO-66-NH2) nanoparticles were synthesized and encapsulated with epoxy-functionalized polysilsesquioxane layer on the surface via a facile process. MOFs possessed high surface area and regular micropores, and PSQs offered stability, inertness, and functionality. The obtained UiO-66-NH2@EPSQ nanocomposites were utilized as carriers for ibuprofen, a drug with carboxylic groups on the surface, and demonstrated high drug loading capacity and well-controlled release property. The UiO-66-NH2@EPSQ nanocomposite exhibited low cytotoxicity to HeLa cells within a wide concentration range of 10-100 µg/mL, as estimated by the MTT method. The UiO-66-NH2@EPSQ drug release system could be a potential platform in the field of controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Lu
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (L.L.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (H.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Mengyu Ma
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (L.L.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (H.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Chengtao Gao
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (L.L.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (H.L.); (L.L.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (L.L.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (H.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Long Li
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (L.L.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (H.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Fuping Dong
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (L.L.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (H.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Yuzhu Xiong
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (L.L.); (M.M.); (C.G.); (H.L.); (L.L.)
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Luo C, Hu G, Huang M, Zou J, Jiang Y. Prediction on separation factor of chiral arylhydantoin compounds and recognition mechanism between chiral stationary phase and the enantiomers. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 94:107479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.107479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Wang Y, Zhuo S, Hou J, Li W, Ji Y. Construction of β-Cyclodextrin Covalent Organic Framework-Modified Chiral Stationary Phase for Chiral Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:48363-48369. [PMID: 31794183 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs), built by the condensation reactions of organic building blocks with enantiomeric purity and linking subunits, have emerged as a marvelous category of porous crystalline material. In addition to stability and good porosity, CCOFs possess remarkable enantioselectivity, which would be exploited for asymmetric catalysis and chiral separation. β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives, a group of supramolecules with a hydrophobic cavity, have been widely applied to molecular specific recognitions. In this work, the β-CD covalent organic framework (COF) was exploited to construct chiral stationary phase (CSP) for chiral drugs analysis for the first time. We fabricated β-CD COF via the condensation reaction of heptakis(6-amino-6-deoxy)-β-CD and terephthalaldehyde at room temperature. β-CD COF-modified capillary columns were subsequently prepared by a photopolymerization method with shortened time and applied for separation of chiral drugs on capillary electrochromatography with good resolution and repeatability. Baseline separation for six enantiomers was achieved and the precisions (relative standard deviations) for intraday, interday, and column-to-column were <2.1%, 4.5%, and 7.3%, respectively. The results reveal that CCOFs-coated capillary columns show great prospect for chromatographic separation of chiral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - SiQi Zhuo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jingwen Hou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , Nanjing 210009 , China
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Wang ZM, Yang CX, Yan XP. Polysiloxane assisted fabrication of chiral crystal sponge coated capillary column for chiral gas chromatographic separation. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1608:460420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Wu D, Pan F, Tan W, Gao L, Tao Y, Kong Y. Recent progress of enantioseparation under scale production (2014–2019). J Sep Sci 2019; 43:337-347. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Datong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and TechnologySchool of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Fei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and TechnologySchool of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Tan
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Large Plastic Parts Intelligence ManufacturingChangzhou College of Information Technology Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and TechnologySchool of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and TechnologySchool of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
| | - Yong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and TechnologySchool of Petrochemical EngineeringChangzhou University Changzhou P. R. China
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Scriba GK. Chiral recognition in separation sciences. Part I: Polysaccharide and cyclodextrin selectors. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang J, Xie S, Zi M, Yuan L. Recent advances of application of porous molecular cages for enantioselective recognition and separation. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:134-149. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Hui Zhang
- Department of ChemistryYunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Sheng‐Ming Xie
- Department of ChemistryYunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Min Zi
- Department of ChemistryYunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Li‐Ming Yuan
- Department of ChemistryYunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
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Yu RB, Quirino JP. Chiral liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography: Trends from 2017 to 2018. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhang H, Wu ZY, Yang YY, Yang FQ, Li SP. Recent applications of immobilized biomaterials in herbal analysis. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1603:216-230. [PMID: 31277949 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immobilization of biomaterials developed rapidly due to the great promise in improving their stability, activity and even selectivity. In this review, the immobilization strategies of biomaterials, including physical adsorption, encapsulation, covalent attachment, cross-linking and affinity linkage, were briefly introduced. Then, the major emphasis was focused on the reported various types of immobilized biomaterials, including proteins, enzymes, cell membrane and artificial membrane, living cells, carbohydrates and bacteria, used in the herbal analysis for bioactive compound screening, drug-target interaction evaluation and chiral separation. In addition, a series of carrier materials applied in biomaterials immobilization, such as magnetic nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks, silica capillary column, cellulose filter paper, cell membrane chromatography, immobilized artificial membrane chromatography and hollow fiber, were also discussed. Perspectives on further applications of immobilized biomaterials in herbal analysis were finally presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Zhao-Yu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Yi-Yao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
| | - Shao-Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, PR China.
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Teixeira J, Tiritan ME, Pinto MMM, Fernandes C. Chiral Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography: Recent Developments. Molecules 2019; 24:E865. [PMID: 30823495 PMCID: PMC6429359 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The planning and development of new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for liquid chromatography (LC) are considered as continuous and evolutionary issues since the introduction of the first CSP in 1938. The main objectives of the development strategies were to attempt the improvement of the chromatographic enantioresolution performance of the CSPs as well as enlarge their versatility and range of applications. Additionally, the transition to ultra-high-performance LC were underscored. The most recent strategies have comprised the introduction of new chiral selectors, the use of new materials as chromatographic supports or the reduction of its particle size, and the application of different synthetic approaches for preparation of CSPs. This review gathered the most recent developments associated to the different types of CSPs providing an overview of the relevant advances that are arising on LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Teixeira
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde (IINFACTS), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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Morin-Crini N, Lichtfouse E, Torri G, Crini G. Fundamentals and Applications of Chitosan. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE REVIEWS 35 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-16538-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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