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Scriba GKE. Update on chiral recognition mechanisms in separation science. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400148. [PMID: 38772711 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The stereospecific analysis of chiral molecules is an important issue in many scientific fields. In separation sciences, this is achieved via the formation of transient diastereomeric complexes between a chiral selector and the selectand enantiomers driven by molecular interactions including electrostatic, ion-dipole, dipole-dipole, van der Waals or π-π interactions as well as hydrogen or halogen bonds depending on the nature of selector and selectand. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling methods are currently the most frequently applied techniques to understand the selector-selectand interactions at a molecular level and to draw conclusions on the chiral separation mechanism. The present short review summarizes some of the recent achievements for the understanding of the chiral recognition of the most important chiral selectors combining separation techniques with molecular modeling and/or spectroscopic techniques dating between 2020 and early 2024. The selectors include polysaccharide derivatives, cyclodextrins, macrocyclic glycopeptides, proteins, donor-acceptor type selectors, ion-exchangers, crown ethers, and molecular micelles. The application of chiral ionic liquids and chiral deep eutectic solvents, as well as further selectors, are also briefly addressed. A compilation of all published literature on chiral selectors has not been attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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2
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Peluso P, Chankvetadze B. Recent developments in molecular modeling tools and applications related to pharmaceutical and biomedical research. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115836. [PMID: 37939549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In modern pharmaceutical and biomedical research, molecular modeling represents a useful tool to explore processes and their mechanistic bases at the molecular level. Integrating experimental and virtual analysis is a fruitful approach to study ligand-receptor interaction in chemical, biochemical and biological environments. In these fields, molecular docking and molecular dynamics are considered privileged techniques for modeling (bio)macromolecules and related complexes. This review aims to present the current landscape of molecular modeling in pharmaceutical and biomedical research by examining selected representative applications published in the last years and highlighting current topics and trends of this field. Thus, a systematic compilation of all published literature has not been attempted herein. After a brief overview of the main theoretical and computational tools used to investigate mechanisms at molecular level, recent applications of molecular modeling in drug discovery, ligand binding and for studying protein conformation and function will be discussed. Furthermore, specific sections will be devoted to the application of molecular modeling for unravelling enantioselective mechanisms underlying the enantioseparation of chiral compounds of pharmaceutical and biomedical interest as well as for studying new forms of noncovalent interactivity identified in biochemical and biological environments. The general aim of this review is to provide the reader with a modern overview of the topic, highlighting advancements and outlooks as well as drawbacks and pitfalls still affecting the applicability of theoretical and computational methods in the field of pharmaceutical and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
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Hubbard MA, Luyet C, Kumar P, Elvati P, VanEpps JS, Violi A, Kotov NA. Chiral chromatography and surface chirality of carbon nanoparticles. Chirality 2022; 34:1494-1502. [PMID: 36221174 PMCID: PMC9828453 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chiral carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) represent a rapidly evolving area of research for optical and biomedical technologies. Similar to small molecules, applications of CNPs as well as fundamental relationships between their optical activity and structural asymmetry would greatly benefit from their enantioselective separations by chromatography. However, this technique remains in its infancy for chiral carbon and other nanoparticles. The possibility of effective separations using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with chiral stationary phases remains an open question whose answer can also shed light on the components of multiscale chirality of the nanoparticles. Herein, we report a detailed methodology of HPLC for successful separation of chiral CNPs and establish a path for its future optimization. A mobile phase of water/acetonitrile was able to achieve chiral separation of CNPs derived from L- and D-cysteine denoted as L-CNPs and D-CNPs. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the teicoplanin-based stationary phase has a higher affinity for L-CNPs than for D-CNPs, in agreement with experiments. The experimental and computational findings jointly indicate that chiral centers of chiral CNPs are present at their surface, which is essential for the multiple applications of these chiral nanostructures and equally essential for interactions with biomolecules and circularly polarized photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misché A. Hubbard
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Biointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Chloe Luyet
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Biointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Paolo Elvati
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - J. Scott VanEpps
- Biointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,The Max Harry Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and InnovationUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Angela Violi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Biophysics ProgramUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Biointerfaces InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA,Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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Peluso P, Chankvetadze B. Recognition in the Domain of Molecular Chirality: From Noncovalent Interactions to Separation of Enantiomers. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13235-13400. [PMID: 35917234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It is not a coincidence that both chirality and noncovalent interactions are ubiquitous in nature and synthetic molecular systems. Noncovalent interactivity between chiral molecules underlies enantioselective recognition as a fundamental phenomenon regulating life and human activities. Thus, noncovalent interactions represent the narrative thread of a fascinating story which goes across several disciplines of medical, chemical, physical, biological, and other natural sciences. This review has been conceived with the awareness that a modern attitude toward molecular chirality and its consequences needs to be founded on multidisciplinary approaches to disclose the molecular basis of essential enantioselective phenomena in the domain of chemical, physical, and life sciences. With the primary aim of discussing this topic in an integrated way, a comprehensive pool of rational and systematic multidisciplinary information is provided, which concerns the fundamentals of chirality, a description of noncovalent interactions, and their implications in enantioselective processes occurring in different contexts. A specific focus is devoted to enantioselection in chromatography and electromigration techniques because of their unique feature as "multistep" processes. A second motivation for writing this review is to make a clear statement about the state of the art, the tools we have at our disposal, and what is still missing to fully understand the mechanisms underlying enantioselective recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB, CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Avenue 3, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
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Varfaj I, Pershina MV, Stepanova MV, Sardella R, Asnin LD, Carotti A. Elucidation of retention mechanism of dipeptides on a ristocetin A-based chiral stationary phase using a combination of chromatographic and molecular simulation techniques. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1675:463158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen Y, Xia L, Xiao X, Li G. Enhanced capillary zone electrophoresis in cyclic olefin copolymer microchannels using the combination of dynamic and static coatings for rapid analysis of carnosine and niacinamide in cosmetics. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2045-2054. [PMID: 35324077 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cosmetics having medicinal effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, have become a daily care routine consumption. The peptide additives, such as carnosine and nicotinamide, were frequently used to realize these medicinal effects. To accomplish rapid and effective quantitation of carnosine and niacinamide in cosmetics, a capillary zone electrophoresis was executed in cyclic olefin copolymer microchips having both dynamic and static coatings. The static coating of cyclic olefin copolymer microchannel was constructed from bovine albumin adsorption, immobilization and active site closure, while the dynamic coating was formed by adding surfactant into running buffer of capillary zone electrophoresis. The static coating can improve the hydrophilicity of cyclic olefin copolymer surface and avoid nonspecific peptide adsorption. The dynamic coating of sodium dodecyl sulfate in running buffer proved to be useful in flow velocity adjustment and the column efficiency enhancement in capillary zone electrophoresis separation channel of the cyclic olefin copolymer microchip device. A separation resolution up to 4.24 on the mixture of carnosine and nicotinamide was obtained. Moreover, an analysis method was established and applied to simultaneous carnosine and nicotinamide determination in a liquid whitening essence and a solid antiglycation pill and the results were verified by comparison with HPLC methods, indicating its potential in complex sample analysis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling Xia
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaohua Xiao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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De Gauquier P, Vanommeslaeghe K, Heyden YV, Mangelings D. Modelling approaches for chiral chromatography on polysaccharide-based and macrocyclic antibiotic chiral selectors: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1198:338861. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Chankvetadze B. Our research cooperation with Professor Yoshio Okamoto. Chirality 2022; 34:630-645. [PMID: 35048410 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This article summarizes our cooperation with the research group of Prof. Yoshio Okamoto at Nagoya University during the period of time between 1992 and 2005. Although the text deals entirely with enantioseparations in high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and capillary electrochromatography, this is not a detailed review in any of these areas. The text highlights selected aspects of these techniques, which have been the subject of our joint research and in part their reflection in follow-up research by our and other research groups. Together with more systematically studied topics, aspects such as ultrafast separation of enantiomers, uncommonly high separation factor of enantiomers and other related issues are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
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Berkecz R, Tanács D, Péter A, Ilisz I. Enantioselective Liquid Chromatographic Separations Using Macrocyclic Glycopeptide-Based Chiral Selectors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113380. [PMID: 34205002 PMCID: PMC8199854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous chemical compounds of high practical importance, such as drugs, fertilizers, and food additives are being commercialized as racemic mixtures, although in most cases only one of the isomers possesses the desirable properties. As our understanding of the biological actions of chiral compounds has improved, the investigation of the pharmacological and toxicological properties has become more and more important. Chirality has become a major issue in the pharmaceutical industry; therefore, there is a continuous demand to extend the available analytical methods for enantiomeric separations and enhance their efficiency. Direct liquid chromatography methods based on the application of chiral stationary phases have become a very sophisticated field of enantiomeric separations by now. Hundreds of chiral stationary phases have been commercialized so far. Among these, macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral selectors have proved to be an exceptionally useful class of chiral selectors for the separation of enantiomers of biological and pharmacological importance. This review focuses on direct liquid chromatography-based enantiomer separations, applying macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral selectors. Special attention is paid to the characterization of the physico-chemical properties of these macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics providing detailed information on their applications published recently.
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Gogolashvili A, Lomsadze K, Chankvetadze L, Takaishvili N, Peluso P, Dallocchio R, Salgado A, Chankvetadze B. Separation of tetrahydrozoline enantiomers in capillary electrophoresis with cyclodextrin-type chiral selectors and investigation of chiral recognition mechanisms. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462084. [PMID: 33789195 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The recognition power and affinity pattern of various cyclodextrins (CD) towards the enantiomers of tetrahydrozoline (THZ) were studied using capillary electrophoresis (CE). As expected, affinity of THZ enantiomers and selectivity of recognition towards CD derivatives was strongly dependent on the cavity size and substituent type and pattern on the CD rims. Not only were the affinity strength and selectivity of recognition affected by the size of the cavity and chemistry of the CDs but also the affinity pattern. Another interesting example of opposite affinity pattern of enantiomers towards α- and β-CD was observed here. In addition, opposite affinity pattern of THZ enantiomers was seen towards β-CD and its acetylated derivatives, while methylation of β-CD did not affect the affinity pattern of THZ enantiomers. In order to get more information about structural mechanisms of the multivariate dependences mentioned above, rotating frame Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (ROESY) and computation techniques were used. Significant differences between the structure of THZ complexes with different CDs with both methods were encountered. Good correlations between experimentally determined and computed structure of complexes, as well as between computed complex stabilities and enantiomer migration order (EMO) in CE were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Gogolashvili
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia
| | - Ketevan Lomsadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia; School of Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, 77a, M. Kostava Str., Tbilisi 0171, Georgia
| | - Lali Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia
| | - Nino Takaishvili
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia
| | - Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede secondary a di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Sassari, Li Punti 07100, Italy
| | - Roberto Dallocchio
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede secondary a di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Sassari, Li Punti 07100, Italy
| | - Antonio Salgado
- NMR Spectroscopy Centre (CERMN), CAI Químicas, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid E-28805, Spain
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Ave 3, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia.
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The molecular bases of chiral recognition in 2-(benzylsulfinyl)benzamide enantioseparation. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1141:194-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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