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Wu Y, Li Y, Li S, Ma Y, Ji W, Sun Y. The series of L-lysine-derived gelators-modified multifunctional chromatography stationary phase for separation of chiral and achiral compounds. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1733:465228. [PMID: 39163701 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
In this study, using chiral L-lysine as the molecular skeleton, three kinds of L-lysine-derived gelators (GBLB, GBLF and GFLF) were synthesized and then bonded to the surface of silica matrix (5 μm) by amide condensation to prepare a series of multifunctional chromatography stationary phases (GBLB-SiO2, GBLF-SiO2, and GFLF-SiO2) were prepared. The L-lysine-derived gelators not only possess chiral recognition ability, but also can spontaneously form oriented and ordered network structures in liquid medium through the interaction of non-covalent bonding forces such as hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and van der Waals forces. The comprehensive effect of multiple weak interaction sites enhances the molecular recognition ability and further improves the separation diversity of different types of compounds on stationary phases. The separation and evaluation of chiral compounds showed that benzoin, 1-phenyl-ethanol, 1-phenyl-propanol and 6-hydroxyflavanone could be separated in normal phase mode (NPLC). The separation of different types of non-chiral compounds, such as sulfonamides, nucleosides, nucleobases, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), anilines, and aromatic acids, were achieved in hydrophilic interaction/reversed-phase/ion-exchange mode (HILIC/RPLC/IEC), and the separation of polarized compounds could be performed under the condition of ultrapure water as the mobile phase, which has the typical retention characteristics of per aqueous liquid chromatography (PALC). The effects of organic solvent content, temperature, pH value, and buffer salt concentration on the retention and separation performance of the column were investigated. Comparison of the three prepared columns showed that the separation performance (such as aromatic selectivity) could be improved by increasing the types of functional groups on the surface of the stationary phase and the number of aromatic groups. In a word, the prepared stationary phase have multiple retention properties, can simultaneously separate chiral compounds and various types of achiral compounds. This work provides an idea for developing multifunctional liquid chromatography stationary phase materials, and further expands the application of gelators in separation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
| | - Shaorong Li
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yulong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Wenxin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yonggang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
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2
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Yu LQ, Liang RX, Chen J, Xie SM, Wang BJ, Zhang JH, Yuan LM. Preparation and evaluation of a 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol-based chiral macrocycle bonded silica chiral stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1732:465231. [PMID: 39133951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Macrocycles play vital roles in supramolecular chemistry and chromatography. 1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol (BINOL)-based chiral polyimine macrocycles are an emerging class of chiral macrocycles that can be constructed by one-step aldehyde-amine condensation of BINOL derivatives with other building blocks. These macrocycles exhibit good characteristics, such as facile preparation, rigid cyclic structures, multiple chiral centers, and defined molecular cavities, that make them good candidates as new chiral recognition materials for chromatographic enantioseparations. In this study, a BINOL-based [2+2] chiral polyimine macrocycle was synthesized by one-step condensation of enantiopure (S)-2,2'-dihydroxy-[1,1'-binaphthalene]-3,3'-dicarboxaldehyde with (1R,2R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane. The product was modified with 5-bromo-1-pentene and then attached to thiolated silica using click chemistry to construct a new chiral stationary phase (CSP). The enantioselectivity of the new CSP was explored by separating various racemates under normal phase (NP) and reversed phase (RP) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Thirteen racemates and eight racemates were enantioseparated under the two separation modes, respectively, including chiral alcohols, phenols, esters, ketones, amines, and organic acids. Among them, nine racemates achieved baseline separation under NP-HPLC and seven racemates achieved baseline separation under RP-HPLC. High resolution separation was observed with benzoin (Rs = 5.10), epinephrine (Rs = 4.98), 3-benzyloxy-1,2-propanediol (Rs = 4.42), and 4,4'-dimethylbenzoin (Rs = 4.52) in NP-HPLC, and with 4-methylbenzhydrol (Rs = 4.72), benzoin ethyl ether (Rs = 3.79), 1-phenyl-1-pentanol (Rs = 3.68), and 1-(3-bromophenyl)ethanol (Rs = 3.60) in RP-HPLC. Interestingly, the CSP complemented Chiralcel OD-H, Chiralpak AD-H, and CYCLOBOND I 2000 RSP columns for resolution of these test racemates, separating several racemic compounds that could not be well separated by the three commercially available columns. The influences of injected sample amount on separation were also evaluated. It was found that the column exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility after hundreds of injections, and the relative standard deviations (n = 5) of the retention time and resolution were less than 0.49% and 0.69%, respectively. This study indicates that the BINOL-based chiral macrocycle has great potential for HPLC enantioseparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Rui-Xue Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Juan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
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3
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Dai JJ, Chen GY, Xu L, Zhu H, Yang FQ. Applications of Nanozymes in Chiral-Molecule Recognition through Electrochemical and Ultraviolet-Visible Analysis. Molecules 2024; 29:3376. [PMID: 39064954 PMCID: PMC11280305 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral molecules have similar physicochemical properties, which are different in terms of physiological activities and toxicities, rendering their differentiation and recognition highly significant. Nanozymes, which are nanomaterials with inherent enzyme-like activities, have garnered significant interest owing to their high cost-effectiveness, enhanced stability, and straightforward synthesis. However, constructing nanozymes with high activity and enantioselectivity remains a significant challenge. This review briefly introduces the synthesis methods of chiral nanozymes and systematically summarizes the latest research progress in enantioselective recognition of chiral molecules based on electrochemical methods and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, the challenges and development trends in developing enantioselective nanozymes are discussed. It is expected that this review will provide new ideas for the design of multifunctional chiral nanozymes and broaden the application field of nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China; (J.-J.D.); (G.-Y.C.); (L.X.); (H.Z.)
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Wang Z, Wang W, Luo AQ, Yuan LM. Recent progress for chiral stationary phases based on chiral porous materials in high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography separation. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400073. [PMID: 38965996 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental property of nature. Separation and analysis of racemates are of great importance in the fields of medicine and the production of chiral biopharmaceutical intermediates. Chiral chromatography has the characteristics of a wide separation range, fast separation speed, and high efficiency. The development and preparation of novel chiral stationary phases with good chiral recognition and separation capacity is the core and key of chiral chromatographic separation and analysis. In this work, the representative research progress of novel chiral porous crystal materials including chiral covalent organic frameworks, chiral porous organic cages, chiral metal-organic frameworks, and chiral metal-organic cages used as chiral stationary phases of capillary gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography over the last 4 years is reviewed in detail. The chiral recognition and separation properties of the representative studies in this review are also introduced and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Qin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
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Luo Y, Deng X, Zhang Y, Sun G, Yan Z. Enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction of 2-cyclohexylmandelic acid enantiomers using chiral ionic liquids. Chirality 2024; 36:e23682. [PMID: 38807280 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Obtaining optically pure compounds in an eco-friendly and cost-efficient manner plays an important role in human health and pharmaceutical industry. Racemic separation using multistage stereoselective liquid-liquid extraction has become one of the most practical and effective approach to access homochiral enantiomers. Currently, chiral ionic liquids (CILs) with structural designability have become a promising chiral additive and enable them as adjustable candidates for racemic separation. Herein, a high-effective stereoselective liquid-liquid extraction process composed of imidazolium cations and amino acid-derived anions as the chiral additive was established for racemic 2-cyclohexylmandelic acid (CHMA) separation. We have systematically investigated the choice of organic solvent, concentration of CIL, extraction temperature, and the pH of aqueous phase. For three-stage stereoselective extraction, the maximum enantiomeric excess (e.e.) for CHMA was reached up to 40.6%. Furthermore, the mechanism of steric effect and stereoselective capacity between the CILs and racemic CHMA was discussed and simulated. We envision that the work will facilitate the development of CILs in multistage liquid-liquid extraction and promote the large-scale production of optically pure enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachun Luo
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Deng
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Genlin Sun
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhihong Yan
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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6
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Liu X, Liu C, Zhou J, Zhao X, Shen Y, Cong H, Yu B. Short bridging and partial derivatization synergistically modified β-cyclodextrin bonded chiral stationary phases for improved enantioseparation. Talanta 2024; 273:125830. [PMID: 38484498 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives have been widely employed in the field of chiral separation, but they are still faced the limitation of low enantioselectivity and complex processes. Derivatization with functional molecules or preparation as bridging dimers are the two main modifications for β-CD to obtain chiral recognition compounds. Herein, a partially derived bridged β-CD (CPI-EBCD) bonded chiral stationary phases was prepared to improve enantioseparation. The chiral recognition moiety was synthesized by a bridged β-cyclodextrin dimer using a short-chain bridging agent (ethylenediamine) and then modifying the bridged cyclodextrin with a 4-chlorophenylisocyanate (CPI) containing a benzene ring and polar group. Compared with natural β-CD, dual-chambered CPI-EBCDs have better encapsulation synergies and more recognition sites with the guest molecule, while the short flexible bridging groups make the double cavities closer and more easily recognizable as linear molecules. The introduction of derived groups CPI provided more recognition sites and more types of interactions, including π-π interaction force, hydrogen bonding effect, and dipole-dipole interaction, thus improving the enantiomer-specific chirality recognition effect. The chiral stationary phase CPI-EBCDP was obtained by connecting CPI-EDCB with mesoporous silica microspheres by simple photochemical reaction using a green non-toxic diazo resin as coupling agent, simplifying preparation process. In the reversed phase mode of liquid chromatography, CPI-EBCDP has excellent chiral recognition ability, and 12 chiral compounds are successfully isolated by optimizing mobile phase conditions, with good reproducibility and stability. The successful preparation of this new chiral stationary phase provides an important reference for the subsequent development of cyclodextrin-like chiral stationary phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jianhao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xueru Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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7
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Scriba GKE. Update on chiral recognition mechanisms in separation science. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400148. [PMID: 38772711 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The stereospecific analysis of chiral molecules is an important issue in many scientific fields. In separation sciences, this is achieved via the formation of transient diastereomeric complexes between a chiral selector and the selectand enantiomers driven by molecular interactions including electrostatic, ion-dipole, dipole-dipole, van der Waals or π-π interactions as well as hydrogen or halogen bonds depending on the nature of selector and selectand. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular modeling methods are currently the most frequently applied techniques to understand the selector-selectand interactions at a molecular level and to draw conclusions on the chiral separation mechanism. The present short review summarizes some of the recent achievements for the understanding of the chiral recognition of the most important chiral selectors combining separation techniques with molecular modeling and/or spectroscopic techniques dating between 2020 and early 2024. The selectors include polysaccharide derivatives, cyclodextrins, macrocyclic glycopeptides, proteins, donor-acceptor type selectors, ion-exchangers, crown ethers, and molecular micelles. The application of chiral ionic liquids and chiral deep eutectic solvents, as well as further selectors, are also briefly addressed. A compilation of all published literature on chiral selectors has not been attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Li D, Chen M, Meng X, Sun Y, Liu R, Sun T. Extraction, purification, structural characteristics, bioactivity and potential applications of polysaccharides from Avena sativa L.: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130891. [PMID: 38493821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Avena sativa L. (A. sativa L.), commonly known as oat, is a significant cereal grain crop with excellent edible and medicinal value. Oat polysaccharides (OPs), the major bioactive components of A. sativa L., have received considerable attention due to their beneficial bioactivities. However, the isolation and purification methods of OPs lack innovation, and the structure-activity relationship remains unexplored. This review emphatically summarized recent progress in the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, biological activities, structure-to-function associations and the potential application status of OPs. Different materials and isolation methods can result in the differences in the structure and bioactivity of OPs. OPs are mainly composed of various monosaccharide constituents, including glucose, arabinose and mannose, along with galactose, xylose and rhamnose in different molar ratios and types of glycosidic bonds. OPs exhibited a broad molecular weight distribution, ranging from 1.34 × 105 Da to 4.1 × 106 Da. Moreover, structure-activity relationships demonstrated that the monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, linkage types, and chemical modifications are closely related to their multiple bioactivities, including immunomodulatory activity, antioxidant effect, anti-inflammatory activity, antitumor effects etc. This work can provide comprehensive knowledge, update information and promising directions for future exploitation and application of OPs as therapeutic agents and multifunctional food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Mengjie Chen
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Xianwei Meng
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology; Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
| | - Tiedong Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Chalet C, Lesage D, Darii E, Perret A, Alves S, Gimbert Y, Tabet JC. Enantioselective Reduction of Noncovalent Complexes of Amino Acids with Cu II via Resonant Collision-Induced Dissociation: Collision Energy, Activation Duration Effects, and RRKM Modeling. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:456-465. [PMID: 38372248 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Formation of noncovalent complexes is one of the approaches to perform chiral analysis with mass spectrometry. Enantiomeric distinction of amino acids (AAs) based on the relative rate constants of competitive fragmentations of quaternary copper complexes is an efficient method for chiral differentiation. Here, we studied the complex [CuII,(Phe,PhG,Pro-H)]+ (m/z 493) under resonant collision-induced dissociation conditions while varying the activation time. The precursor ion can yield two main fragments through the loss of the non-natural AA phenylglycine (PhG): the expected product ion [CuII,(Phe,Pro-H)]+ (m/z 342) and the reduced product ion [CuI,(Phe,Pro)]+ (m/z 343). Enantioselective reduction describes the difference in relative abundance of these ions, which depends on the chirality of the precursor ion: the formation of the reduced ion m/z 343 is favored in homochiral complexes (DDD) compared to heterochiral complexes (such as LDD). Energy-resolved mass spectrometry data show that reduction, which arises from rearrangement, is favored at a low collision energy (CE) and long activation time (ActT), whereas direct cleavage preferentially occurs at a high CE and short ActT. These results were confirmed with kinetic modeling based on RRKM theory. For this modeling, it was necessary to set a pre-exponential factor as a reference, so that the E0 values obtained are relative values. Interestingly, these simulations showed that the critical energy E0 required to form the reduced ion is comparable in both homochiral and heterochiral complexes. However, the formation of product ion m/z 342 through direct cleavage is associated with a lower E0 in heterochiral complexes. Consequently, enantioselectivity would not be caused by enhanced reduction in homochiral complexes but rather by direct cleavage being favored in heterochiral complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Chalet
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ekaterina Darii
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Alain Perret
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Sandra Alves
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Yves Gimbert
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75005 Paris, France
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 5250, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Claude Tabet
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), 75005 Paris, France
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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Liang RX, Zhang YP, Zhang JH, Gong YN, Huang B, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Yuan LM. Engineering thiol-ene click chemistry for the preparation of a chiral stationary phase based on a [4+6]-type homochiral porous organic cage for enantiomeric separation in normal-phase and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1711:464444. [PMID: 37837712 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new chiral stationary phase (CSP) was fabricated by covalent bonding of a [4+6]-type homochiral porous organic cage (POC) CC19-R onto thiolated silica via a thiol-ene click reaction. The CC19-R was synthesized via Schiff-base reaction between 2-hydroxybenzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde and (1R, 2R)-(-)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane. The enantioseparation capability of the resulting CC19-R-based CSP was systematically evaluated upon separating various chiral compounds or chiral pharmaceuticals in normal phase HPLC (NP-HPLC) and reversed phase HPLC (RP-HPLC), including alcohols, organic acids, ketones, diols, esters, and amines. Fifteen racemates were enantioseparated in NP-HPLC and 11 racemates in RP-HPLC. Some racemates have been well separated, such as 4-chlorobenzhydrol, cetirizine (in the form of dihydrochloride), 1,2-diphenyl-1,2-ethanediol, and 3-(benzyloxy)propane-1,2-diol whose resolution values reached 3.66, 4.23, 6.50, and 3.50, respectively. When compared with a previously reported chiral POC-based column (NC1-R column), eight racemates were not separated on the NC1-R column in NP-HPLC and five racemates were not separated in RP-HPLC, but were well resolved on this column, revealing that the enantioselectivity and separable range of chiral POCs-type columns could be significantly widened using this fabricated CC19-R column. Moreover, the resolution performance of the CC19-R column was also compared with commercial Chiralpak AD-H [CSP: Amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)] and Chiralcel OD-H [CSP: Cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)] columns. The column also can separate some racemates that could not be separated or not well be separated by the two commercial columns, showing its good complementarity to the two commercial columns on chiral separation. In addition, the column also had good stability and reproducibility with the relative standard deviation (n = 5) of the retention time and resolution lower than 1.0% and 1.8%, respectively, after it had undergone multiple injections (100, 200, 300, and 400 times). This work indicated that the features of good resolution ability and simple synthesis methods using with this POC-based CSP provided chiral POCs with potential application prospects in HPLC racemic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xue Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - You-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Ya-Nan Gong
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
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Zhou Y, Bai T, Duan Y. Chiral mesostructured NiFe 2O 4 films with chirality induced spin selectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13207-13210. [PMID: 37853755 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03183g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Chiral mesostructured NiFe2O4 films (CMNFFs) were synthesized using L-/D-tyrosine as symmetry-breaking and structure-directing agents through a hydrothermal method. For the first time, chirality induced spin selectivity was directly observed in these ferrimagnetic materials using chirality-dependent magnetic-tip conducting atomic force microscopy (mc-AFM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Zhou
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| | - Te Bai
- Wuxi Vocational College of Science and Technology, 8 Xinxi Road, Wuxi, 214028, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Duan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
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12
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Aredes RS, Lima IDP, Faillace AP, Madriaga VGC, Lima TDM, Vaz FAS, Marques FFDC, Duarte LM. From capillaries to microchips, green electrophoretic features for enantiomeric separations: A decade review (2013-2022). Electrophoresis 2023; 44:1471-1518. [PMID: 37667860 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Enantioseparation by the electromigration-based method is well-established and widely discussed in the literature. Electrophoretic strategies have been used to baseline resolve complex enantiomeric mixtures, typically using a selector substance into the background electrolyte (BGE) from capillaries to microchips. Along with developing new materials/substances for enantioseparations, it is the concern about the green analytical chemistry (GAC) principles for method development and application. This review article brings a last decade's update on the publications involving enantioseparation by electrophoresis for capillary and microchip systems. It also brings a critical discussion on GAC principles and new green metrics in the context of developing an enantioseparation method. Chemical and green features of native and modified cyclodextrins are discussed. Still, given the employment of greener substances, ionic liquids and deep-eutectic solvents are highlighted, and some new selectors are proposed. For all the mentioned selectors, green features about their production, application, and disposal are considered. Sample preparation and BGE composition in GAC perspective, as well as greener derivatization possibilities, were also addressed. Therefore, one of the goals of this review is to aid the electrophoretic researchers to look where they have not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella S Aredes
- Programa, de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabela de P Lima
- Programa, de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amanda P Faillace
- Programa, de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius G C Madriaga
- Programa, de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago de M Lima
- Programa, de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando A S Vaz
- Programa, de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia F de C Marques
- Programa, de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas M Duarte
- Programa, de Pós-Graduação em Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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13
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Seog DJH, van Kien N, Ryoo JJ. Amino alcohol-derived chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2023; 35:739-752. [PMID: 37144722 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An updated minireview of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on amino alcohols is presented. In this minireview, we focused on amino alcohols as starting materials in preparation of chiral catalysts for asymmetric organic synthesis and CSPs for chiral separations. Among the various CSPs, we summarized the important developments and applications of the amino alcohol-based Pirkle-type CSPs, ligand exchange CSPs, α-amino acid-derived amino alcohol CSPs, and symmetric CSPs from their first appearance to the present day to propose ideas for the development of new CSPs with improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jin Han Seog
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Nguyen van Kien
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae Jeong Ryoo
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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14
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Papp LA, Hancu G, Szabó ZI. Simultaneous determination of enantiomeric and organic impurities of vildagliptin on a cellulose tris(3-chloro-4-methylphenylcarbamate) column under revered-phase conditions. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115495. [PMID: 37343452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
A new, reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV-inhibitor antidiabetic drug vildagliptin (VIL) enantiomeric impurity and four other achiral related impurities. An initial screening was performed on five polysaccharide-type chiral stationary phases (Lux Amylose-1, Lux Amylose-2, Lux-Cellulose-1, Lux-Cellulose-2, Lux-Cellulose-3) in polar organic mode with methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, or acetonitrile containing 0,1% diethylamine as mobile phase to identify the best conditions for the separation of VIL enantiomers. Lux-Cellulose-2 column was found to provide the best chiral resolution for VIL enantiomers. Further experiments were conducted using different aqueous-organic mobile phases to achieve the simultaneous chiral-achiral separation of the selected compounds. Experimental design-based optimization was performed by using a face-centered central composite design. The optimal separation conditions (Lux Cellulose-2 stationary phase, 45 °C, mobile phase consisting of methanol/water/diethylamine 80:20:0.2 (v/v/v), and 0.45 mL/min flow rate) provided baseline separation for all 6 compounds. The optimized method was validated according to the ICH guideline and proved to be reliable, specific, linear, precise, and accurate for the determination of at least 0.1% for all impurities in VIL samples. The validated method was applied for determinations from a commercially available drug formulation and proved to be suitable for routine quality control of both enantiomeric and organic impurities of VIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lajos-Attila Papp
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Gabriel Hancu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Zoltán-István Szabó
- Department of Drugs Industry and Pharmaceutical Management, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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15
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Liu H, Chen J, Chen M, Wang J, Qiu H. Recent development of chiral ionic liquids for enantioseparation in liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1274:341496. [PMID: 37455089 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs), which are salts in a molten state below 100 °C, have become a hot topic of research in various fields because of their negligible vapour pressure, high thermal stability, and tunable viscosity. Chiral ionic liquids (CILs) can be applied in chromatography and capillary electrophoresis fields to improve the performance of enantiomeric separation, such as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and mobile phase additives in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); CSPs in gas chromatography (GC); and background electrolyte additives (BGE), chiral ligands and chiral selectors (CSs) in capillary electrophoresis (CE). This review focuses on the applications of CILs in HPLC and CE for the separation of enantiomers in the past five years. The mechanism for separating enantiomers was explained, and the prospect of the application of CILs in chiral liquid chromatography (LC) and CE analysis was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Mingli Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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16
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Ibrahim AE, El Gohary NA, Aboushady D, Samir L, Karim SEA, Herz M, Salman BI, Al-Harrasi A, Hanafi R, El Deeb S. Recent advances in chiral selectors immobilization and chiral mobile phase additives in liquid chromatographic enantio-separations: A review. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464214. [PMID: 37506464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
For decades now, the separation of chiral enantiomers of drugs has been gaining the interest and attention of researchers. In 1991, the first guidelines for development of chiral drugs were firstly released by the US-FDA. Since then, the development in chromatographic enantioseparation tools has been fast and variable, aiming at creating a suitable environment where the physically and chemically identical enantiomers can be separated. Among those tools, the immobilization of chiral selectors (CS) on different stationary phases and the chiral mobile phase additives (CMPA) which have been progressed and studied extensively. This review article highlights the major advances in immobilization of CS together with their different recognition mechanisms as well as CMPA as a cheaper and successful alternative for chiral stationary phases. Moreover, the role of molecular modeling tool as a pre-step in the choice of CS for evaluating possible interactions with different ligands has been pointed up. Illustrations of reported methods and updates for immobilized CS and CMPA have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Ehab Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said 42511, Egypt; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Nesrine Abdelrehim El Gohary
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Dina Aboushady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Liza Samir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Shereen Ekram Abdel Karim
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Magy Herz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Baher I Salman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rasha Hanafi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Sami El Deeb
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38092, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Liang RX, Ma QY, Xiang TX, Zhang YP, Gong YN, Huang B, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Zhang JH, Yuan LM. A novel pillar[3]trianglimine macrocycle with a deep cavity used as a chiral selector to prepare a chiral stationary phase by thiol-ene click reaction for enantioseparation in high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300376. [PMID: 37525411 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
A chiral pillar[3]trianglimine (C60 H72 N6 O6 ) with a deep cavity has been developed as a chiral selector and bonded to thiolated silica by thiol-ene click reaction to fabricate a novel chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation in high-performance liquid chromatography. The enantioseparation performance of the fabricated chiral stationary phase has been evaluated by separating various racemic compounds, including alcohols, esters, amines, ketones, amino acids, and epoxides, in both normal-phase and reversed-phase elution modes. In total, 14 and 17 racemates have been effectively separated in these two separation modes, respectively. In comparison with two widely used chiral columns (Chiralcel OD-H and Chiralpak AD-H), our novel chiral stationary phase offered good chiral separation complementarity, separating some of the tested racemates that could not be separated or were only partially separated on these two commercial columns. The influences of analyte mass, mobile phase composition, and column temperature on chiral separation have been investigated. Good repeatability, stability, and column-to-column reproducibility of the chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation have been observed. After the fabricated column had been eluted up to 400 times, the relative standard deviations (n = 5) of resolution (Rs) and retention time of the separated analytes were < 0.39% and < 0.20%, respectively. The relative standard deviations (n = 3) of Rs and retention time for column-to-column reproducibility were < 4.6% and < 5.2%, respectively. This study demonstrated that the new chiral stationary phase has great prospects for chiral separation in high-performance liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xue Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Yu Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Tuan-Xiu Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - You-Ping Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Bin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
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18
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Szabó ZI, Boda F, Fiser B, Dobó M, Szőcs L, Tóth G. Chiral Separation of Oxazolidinone Analogs by Capillary Electrophoresis Using Anionic Cyclodextrins as Chiral Selectors: Emphasis on Enantiomer Migration Order. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114530. [PMID: 37299005 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative chiral separations of enantiomeric pairs of four oxazolidinone and two related thio-derivatives were performed by capillary electrophoresis, using cyclodextrins (CDs) as chiral selectors. Since the selected analytes are neutral, the enantiodiscrimination capabilities of nine anionic CD derivatives were determined, in 50 mM phosphate buffer pH = 6. Unanimously, the most successful chiral selector was the single isomeric heptakis-(6-sulfo)-β-cyclodextrin (HS-β-CD), which resulted in the highest enantioresolution values out of the CDs applied for five of the six enantiomeric pairs. The enantiomer migration order (EMO) was the same for two enantiomeric pairs, irrespective of the CD applied. However, several examples of EMO reversals were obtained in the other cases. Interestingly, changing from randomly substituted, multi-component mixtures of sulfated-β-CD to the single isomeric chiral selector, enantiomer migration order reversal occurred for two enantiomeric pairs and similar observations were made when comparing heptakis-(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-sulfo)-β-CD, (HDMS-β-CD) with HS-β-CD. In several cases, cavity-size-dependent, and substituent-dependent EMO reversals were also observed. Minute differences in the structure of the analytes were also responsible for several cases of EMO reversal. The present study offers a complex overview of the chiral separation of structurally related oxazolidinones, and thio-analogs, highlighting the importance of the adequate choice of chiral selector in this group of compounds, where enantiomeric purity is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán-István Szabó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Gh. Marinescu 38, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Sz-imfidum Ltd., Lunga nr. 504, 525401 Covasna, Romania
| | - Francisc Boda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Gh. Marinescu 38, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Béla Fiser
- Higher Education and Industrial Cooperation Centre, University of Miskolc, Egyetemváros, H-3515 Miskolc, Hungary
- Ferenc Rákóczi II. Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute, 90200 Beregszász, Transcarpathia, Ukraine
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-149 Łódź, Poland
| | - Máté Dobó
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes E. 9, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Levente Szőcs
- Cyclolab Ltd., Illatos út 7, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Hőgyes E. 9, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
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19
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Liu C, Guo P, Lu YR, Zhu YL, Ran XY, Wang BJ, Zhang JH, Xie SM, Yuan LM. In situ growth preparation of a new chiral covalent triazine framework core-shell microspheres used for HPLC enantioseparation. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:238. [PMID: 37222823 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05806-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The manufacturing of chiral covalent triazine framework core-shell microspheres CC-MP CCTF@SiO2 composite is reported as stationary phase for HPLC enantioseparation. The CC-MP CCTF@SiO2 core-shell microspheres were prepared by immobilizing chiral COF CC-MP CCTF constructed using cyanuric chloride and (S)-2-methylpiperazine on the surface of activated SiO2 through an in-situ growth approach. Various racemates as analytes were separated on the CC-MP CCTF@SiO2-packed column. The experimental results indicate that 19 pairs of enantiomers were well separated on the CC-MP CCTF@SiO2-packed column, including alcohols, phenols, amines, ketones, and organic acids. Among them, there are 17 pairs of enantiomers that can achieve baseline separation with good peak shapes. Their resolution values on this chiral column are between 0.4 and 5.61. The influences of analyte mass, column temperature, and composition of the mobile phase on the resolution of enantiomers were studied. In addition, the chiral resolution ability of CC-MP CCTF@SiO2-packed column was compared with the commercial chiral chromatographic columns (Chiralpak AD-H and Chiralcel OD-H columns) and some CCOF@SiO2 chiral columns (β-CD-COF@SiO2, CTpBD@SiO2, and MDI-β-CD-modified COF@SiO2). The CC-MP CCTF@SiO2-packed column exhibited some unique advantages and can complement these chiral columns in chiral separations. The research results show that the CC-MP CCTF@SiO2 chiral column offered high column efficiency (e.g., 17680 plates m-1 for ethyl mandelate), low column backpressure (5-9 bar), high enantioselectivity, and excellent chiral resolution ability for HPLC enantioseparation with good stability and reproducibility. The relative standard deviations (RSD) (n = 5) of the retention time, and peak areas by repeated separation of ethyl mandelate are 0.23% and 0.67%, respectively. It demonstrates that the CC-MP CCTF@SiO2 core-shell microsphere composite has great potential in enantiomeric separation by HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Rui Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Lan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ran
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
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20
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Wang Z, Wang W, Sun L, Tang B, Zhang F, Luo A. A chiral multi-shelled mesoporous carbon nanospheres used for high-resolution gas chromatography separations. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1702:464100. [PMID: 37263056 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a chiral multishelled mesoporous carbon nanospheres (MCNs) with unique spiral multishelled hollow mesoporous chiral structure is synthesized; the MCNs can be used as stationary phases for high-resolution gas chromatography (GC) and have good separation capacity. The successful preparation of MCNs is verified by a variety of characterizations. In addition, the MCNs-coated capillary column shows excellent separation performance for n-alkanes, n-alcohols, aromatic compounds, and esters, and it has a faster analysis time than the HP-5 commercial capillary column. The chromatography separation performance for various isomers and racemates of the MCNs stationary phase was evaluated, and it showed good separation capability for amino acid derivatives. The MCNs-coated capillary column has been demonstrated to present good reproducibility and stability. In summary, all of the chromatography experiments in this work indicate that this new stationary phase of the MCNs has good application potential for GC capillary separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liquan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Bengbu University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Fulai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Aiqin Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China.
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21
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Li L, Luo Y, Jia L. Genetically engineered bacterium-modified magnetic particles assisted chiral recognition and colorimetric determination of D/L-tryptophan in millets. Food Chem 2023; 407:135125. [PMID: 36495743 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Chiral recognition of enantiomers has always been a thorny issue since they exhibit the same properties under an achiral environment. Herein, polydopamine-functionalized magnetic particles (MP@PDA) were synthesized to immobilize the genetically engineered bacterium Escherichia coli DH5α (MP@PDA-E. coli). L-tryptophan (Trp) instead of D-Trp can be stereo-specifically degraded by tryptophanase in E. coli. The degradation product indole reacts with 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde to generate a rose-red adduct. Thus, MP@PDA-E. coli was employed to fabricate a chiral colorimetric method for chiral recognition and determination of L-Trp. The method averts the purification of tryptophanase. More importantly, tryptophanase demonstrates excellent enantioselective ability for L-Trp. The method can not only quantitatively detect L-Trp but also realize the measurement of the enantiomer percentage in the enantiomeric mixture. The feasibility was verified by detecting L-Trp in millet samples from different origins. Furthermore, a portable device was fabricated to make the method more convenient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yimin Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Li Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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22
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Liu C, Quan K, Chen J, Shi X, Qiu H. Chiral metal-organic frameworks and their composites as stationary phases for liquid chromatography chiral separation: A minireview. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1700:464032. [PMID: 37148566 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Chiral metal organic frameworks (CMOFs) are a kind of crystal porous framework material that has attracted increasing attention due to the customizable combination of metal nodes and organic ligands. In particular, the highly ordered crystal structure and rich adjustable chiral structure make it a promising material for developing new chiral separation material systems. In this review, the progress of CMOFs and their different types of composites used as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in liquid chromatography for enantioseparation are discussed. The characteristics of CMOFs and their composites are summarized, aiming to provide new ideas for the development of CMOFs with better performance and further promote the application of CMOFs materials in enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaijun Quan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Institute of Materia Medica, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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23
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Gao L, Wang Y, Qin Y, Sun Y, He L, Zhang S, Zhao W. Preparation and characterization of glucose-based covalent organic polymer coated silica as stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1693:463876. [PMID: 36857980 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate is a renewable, sustainable, hydrophilic, and biodegradable natural product, which is widely used in the field of adsorption. In this study, a glucose-based covalent organic polymer (COP) coated silica was fabricated by facile solvent knitting reaction between tetrabenzylglucose and silica-phenyl with anhydrous aluminum trichloride as catalyst, forming a core-shell stationary phase (donated as SiO2@COPBn-glu) for high performance liquid chromatography. The prepared SiO2@COPBn-glu was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption experiments. Owing to the coexistence of benzene units and alkyl, hydroxyl and ether groups in the skeleton of COPBn-glu shell, the developed chromatographic packing exhibited reversed-phase/hydrophilic interaction mixed-mode with multiple retention mechanisms, such as hydrophobic, π-π, hydrogen bonding, and electron donor-acceptor interactions. The results revealed that the SiO2@COPBn-glu column demonstrated excellent selectivity and retention behavior for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds with good repeatability and stability. Meanwhile, the chromatographic performance of the prepared SiO2@COPBn-glu column was compared with a C18 column to assess the role of the coating COPBn-glu shell. Therefore, the development of the SiO2@COPBn-glu stationary phase expands the potential application of COPs in separation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqiong Qin
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou 450008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Center for modern analysis and gene sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Olbrycht M, Gumieniak J, Mruc P, Balawejder M, Piątkowski W, Antos D. Separation of non-racemic mixtures of enantiomers by achiral chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1693:463877. [PMID: 36854210 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of partial separation of enantiomeric mixtures in achiral chromatography (ACh) has already been documented for a wide variety of chiral compounds. It is attributed to the so-called effect of self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE). However, quantitative description of the SDE mechanism underlying adsorption of enantiomers on achiral surfaces is still incomplete, which hinders the application of that technique for large-scale separations. In this study, a mechanistic model for description of retention behavior of SDE-phoric compounds in silica-based ACh has been developed along with a procedure for fast determination of the model parameters. The model assumes formation of associates of chiral molecules, which occurs due to homo and hetero-chiral interactions in the adsorbed phase. The ability of the model to reproduce band profiles was verified for enantiomeric mixtures of three structurally different chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian Olbrycht
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Justyna Gumieniak
- Department of Component Manufacturing and Production Organization, Rzeszów University of Technology, Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Patrycja Mruc
- Doctoral School of Engineering and Technical Sciences at the Rzeszów University of Technology, Poland
| | - Maciej Balawejder
- Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, The College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Wojciech Piątkowski
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Dorota Antos
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland.
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25
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Li W, Huang Y, Xiang Y, Yan X, Li Y, Wu D. Vacuum-assisted thermal bonding of β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives as chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1692:463845. [PMID: 36803769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the vacuum-assisted thermal bonding method was proposed for the covalent coupling of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (CD-CSP), hexamethylene diisocyanate cross-linked β-CD (HDI-CSP) and 3, 5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate modified β-CD (DMPI-CSP) onto the isocyanate silane modified silica gel. Under vacuum conditions, the side reaction due to the water residue from the organic solvent, air, reaction vessels and silica gel could be avoided, and the optimal temperature and time of vacuum-assisted thermal bonding method were determined as 160°C and 3 h. These three CSPs were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, elemental analysis and the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The surface coverage of CD-CSP and HDI-CSP on silica gel was determined as ∼0.2 μmol m-2, respectively. The chromatographic performances of these three CSPs were systematically evaluated by separating 7 flavanones, 9 triazoles and 6 chiral alcohols enantiomers under the reversed-phase condition. It was found that the chiral resolution ability of CD-CSP, HDI-CSP and DMPI-CSP was complementary to each other. Among them, CD-CSP could separate all 7 flavanones enantiomers with the resolution of 1.09-2.48. HDI-CSP had a good separation performance for triazoles enantiomers with one chiral center. DMPI-CSP showed excellent separation performance for chiral alcohol enantiomers, among which the resolution of trans-1, 3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ol reached 12.01. Generally, the vacuum-assisted thermal bonding had been demonstrated as a direct and efficient method for the preparation of chiral stationary phases of β-CD and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yuqian Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yanshuo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Dapeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
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26
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Lu X, Li Y, Yang J, Wang Y. A quasi-dual-chiral-channel specific enantioseparation material. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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27
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De Gauquier P, Peeters J, Vanommeslaeghe K, Vander Heyden Y, Mangelings D. Modelling the enantiorecognition of structurally diverse pharmaceuticals on O-substituted polysaccharide-based stationary phases. Talanta 2023; 259:124497. [PMID: 37030098 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop models to predict the retention, separation and elution sequence of the enantiomers of structurally diverse pharmaceuticals. More specifically, Quantitative Structure Retention Relationships (QSRR) models are built that describe the relationship between molecular descriptors and retention. Eighteen structurally diverse chiral mixtures, each consisting of a pair of enantiomers, were analyzed on two polysaccharide chiral stationary phases, Chiralcel OD-RH (cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)) and Lux amylose-2 (amylose tris(5-chloro-2-methylphenylcarbamate)), applying either a basic or an acidic mobile phase, and their retention factor and elution sequence were determined. Both achiral and, in-house defined, chiral descriptors were used as descriptive variables to build the models. Linear regression techniques, i.e. stepwise multiple linear regression (sMLR) and partial least squares (PLS) regression, were applied to model the retention or separation as a function of the descriptors. In a first step, models were built with only achiral descriptors to model the global retention of both enantiomers of a chiral molecule. Subsequently, models were built with only chiral descriptors to predict the enantioseparation and elution sequence, and finally, models were considered with both descriptor types to predict the retention, the separation and the elution sequence of the enantiomers. The global retention was predicted well by the sMLR models with only achiral descriptors. The models with only chiral descriptors were not found suitable to predict the enantioseparation and elution sequence. Finally, the models containing both chiral and achiral descriptors allowed predicting the retention well, but their ability to predict the elution sequence and separation of the enantiomers differed widely for the chromatographic systems considered.
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28
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Lu X, Xu H, Cheng Y, Liu W, Wang Y. Switchable Separation Strategy via Host-Guest Locks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2779-2786. [PMID: 36758157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Universal separation strategies are the ultimate goal in separation science. However, there is always a tradeoff between universality and selectivity due to the negative influence among different recognition domains. With the goal of universal separation in mind, an unprecedented, switchable, and versatile separation strategy using reversible supramolecular host-guest interactions has been developed. These adjustable separation mediums were prepared using surface-grafted cationic cyclodextrin to firmly bind negatively charged adamantane derivatives. By changing guest structures, the surface functionality of the separation medium can be precisely regulated to be selective for a variety of substrates including chiral or achiral molecules, thus producing satisfactory single-column universality. This method offers a new approach to move beyond conventional separation methodologies and should stimulate the design of switchable functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinling Lu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300075, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300075, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300075, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300075, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300075, China
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29
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Folprechtová D, Schmid MG, Armstrong DW, Kalíková K. The Enantioselective Potential of NicoShell and TeicoShell Columns for Basic Pharmaceuticals and Forensic Drugs in Sub/Supercritical Fluid Chromatography. Molecules 2023; 28:1202. [PMID: 36770866 PMCID: PMC9919078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The enantioselective potential of two macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral stationary phases for analysis of 28 structurally diverse biologically active compounds such as derivatives of pyrovalerone, ketamine, cathinone, and other representatives of psychostimulants and antidepressants was evaluated in sub/supercritical fluid chromatography. The chiral selectors immobilized on 2.7 μm superficially porous particles were teicoplanin (TeicoShell column) and modified macrocyclic glycopeptide (NicoShell column). The influence of the organic modifier and different mobile phase additives on the retention and enantioresolution were investigated. The obtained results confirmed that the mobile phase additives, especially water as a single additive or in combination with basic and acidic additives, improve peak shape and enhance enantioresolution. In addition, the effect of temperature was evaluated to optimize the enantioseparation process. Both columns exhibited comparable enantioselectivity, approximately 90% of the compounds tested were enantioseparated, and 30% out of them were baseline enantioresolved under the tested conditions. The complementary enantioselectivity of the macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral stationary phases was emphasized. This work can be useful for the method development for the enantioseparation of basic biologically active compounds of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Folprechtová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin G. Schmid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76016, USA
| | - Květa Kalíková
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic
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30
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Application of a New Type of 3-Chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate-β-cyclodextrin-bonded Silica Particles as Chiral Stationary Phase for Multi-mode HPLC. Chromatographia 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-023-04236-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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31
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Fernandes C, Ribeiro R, Pinto M, Kijjoa A. Absolute Stereochemistry Determination of Bioactive Marine-Derived Cyclopeptides by Liquid Chromatography Methods: An Update Review (2018-2022). Molecules 2023; 28:615. [PMID: 36677673 PMCID: PMC9867211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclopeptides are considered as one of the most important classes of compounds derived from marine sources, due to their structural diversity and a myriad of their biological and pharmacological activities. Since marine-derived cyclopeptides consist of different amino acids, many of which are non-proteinogenic, they possess various stereogenic centers. In this respect, the structure elucidation of new molecular scaffolds obtained from natural sources, including marine-derived cyclopeptides, can become a very challenging task. The determination of the absolute configurations of the amino acid residues is accomplished, in most cases, by performing acidic hydrolysis, followed by analyses by liquid chromatography (LC). In a continuation with the authors' previous publication, and to analyze the current trends, the present review covers recently published works (from January 2018 to November 2022) regarding new cyclopeptides from marine organisms, with a special focus on their biological/pharmacological activities and the absolute stereochemical assignment of the amino acid residues. Ninety-one unreported marine-derived cyclopeptides were identified during this period, most of which displayed anticancer or antimicrobial activities. Marfey's method, which involves LC, was found to be the most frequently used for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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32
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Gambacorta N, Özdemir Z, Doğan İS, Ciriaco F, Zenni YN, Karakurt A, Saraç S, Nicolotti O. Integrated experimental and theoretical approaches to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the enantioseparation of chiral anticonvulsant and antifungal compounds. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Altaf A, Hassan S, Pejcic B, Baig N, Hussain Z, Sohail M. Recent progress in the design, synthesis and applications of chiral metal-organic frameworks. Front Chem 2022; 10:1014248. [PMID: 36277340 PMCID: PMC9581262 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1014248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks (CMOFs) are unique crystalline and porous class of materials which is composed of organic linkers and metal ions. CMOFs surpass traditional organic and inorganic porous materials because of their tunable shape, size, functional diversity, and selectivity. Specific applications of CMOFs may be exploited by introducing desired functional groups. CMOFs have chiral recognition abilities, making them unique for chiral compound synthesis and separation. The CMOFs can be synthesized through different approaches. Two main approaches have been discussed, i.e., direct and indirect synthesis. Synthetic strategies play an essential role in getting desired properties in MOFs. CMOFs find potential applications in adsorption, asymmetric catalysis, luminescence, degradation, and enantioselective separation. The MOFs' porosity, stability, and reusability make them an attractive material for these applications. The plethora of applications of CMOFs have motivated chemists to synthesize novel MOFs and number of MOFs have been ever-escalating. Herein, the synthetic methods of CMOFs and their various applications have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Altaf
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Hassan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bobby Pejcic
- CSIRO Mineral Resources, Australian Resources Research Centre, Kensington, CA, Australia
| | - Nadeem Baig
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakir Hussain
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Manzar Sohail
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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34
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Zhang YP, Li K, Xiong LX, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Zhang JH, Yuan LM. “Click” preparation of a chiral macrocycle-based stationary phase for both normal-phase and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography enantioseparation. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1683:463551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Li K, Xiong LX, Wang Y, Zhang YP, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Zhang JH, Yuan LM. Preparation and evaluation of a chiral porous organic cage based chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation in high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1679:463415. [PMID: 35977455 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Porous organic cages (POCs) are a new kind of porous molecular materials, which have gained widespread interest in many fields due to their intriguing properties, including excellent molecular solubility, inherent molecular cavity and rich host-guest chemistry. To date, many chiral POCs have been explored as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for gas chromatographic (GC) separation of enantiomers. However, the applications of chiral POCs for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) enantiomeric separation is extremely rare. In this study, we report the construction of thiol-ene click reaction for the preparation of CSP for HPLC by using a [4+8]-type chiral POC NC4-R as chiral selector. The fabricated CSP showed good chiral resolution performance not only in normal-phase HPLC (NP-HPLC) but also in reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC). Seventeen and ten racemates were well resolved in the two separation modes, respectively, including ketones, esters, alcohols, phenols, amines, ethers, organic acids, and amino acids. Moreover, the fabricated column also shows good chiral recognition complementarity to two popular chiral HPLC columns (Chiralpak AD-H and Chiralcel OD-H columns) and previously reported chiral POC NC1-R-based HPLC column, which can resolve some racemates that unable to be resolved by the two commercially available chiral HPLC columns and NC1-R-based column. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values (n = 4) of retention time and resolution (Rs) of analytes separated on the column were less than 0.3 % and 0.5 % after it was subjected to different injections, showing the good reproducibility and stability of the NC4-R-based column. This work demonstrated high potentials of chiral POCs for HPLC enantioseparation and the applicability of chiral POC-based HPLC columns can be broadened by developing more chiral POCs with diverse structures as chiral selector for HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Xiao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - You-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China.
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China.
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
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36
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Haginaka J. Progress in Chiral Stationary Phases Based on Proteins and Glycoproteins. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:458-468. [PMID: 35786565 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A lot of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) have been introduced for the purpose of analytical and preparative separations of enantiomers. CSPs based on proteins and glycoproteins have unique properties among those CSPs. This review article deals with the preparation of CSPs based on proteins and glycoproteins, their chiral recognition properties and mechanisms, focusing on the CSPs investigated in our group. The dealt proteins and glycoproteins are including bovine serum albumin, human serum albumin, lysozyme, pepsin, human α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), chicken ovomucoid and chicken ovoglycoprotein (named chicken AGP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Haginaka
- Institute for Biosciences, Mukogawa Women's University
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37
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He L, Tang M, Qin G, Zi M, Yuan L. Separation of enantiomers by open‐tubular capillary electrochromatography using (R)‐1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol derivatives as chiral stationary phases. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Xiao He
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Ming‐Hua Tang
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Gai‐Zhao Qin
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Min Zi
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
| | - Li‐Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming P. R. China
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38
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Maia PP, Nascimento CA, Silva CF, Nascimento Jr. CS. Chiral separation study of atenolol and carvedilol β-blocker drugs by DFT calculations. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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39
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Lima R, Fernandes C, Pinto MMM. Molecular modifications, biological activities, and applications of chitosan and derivatives: A recent update. Chirality 2022; 34:1166-1190. [PMID: 35699356 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides arouse great interest due to their structure and unique properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and absence of toxicity. Polysaccharides from marine sources are particularly useful due to the wide variety of applications and biological activities. Chitosan, a deacetylated derivative of chitin, is an example of an interesting bioactive marine-derived polysaccharide. Moreover, a wide variety of chemical modifications and conjugation of chitosan with other bioactive molecules are responsible for improvements in physicochemical properties and biological activities, expanding the range of applications. An overview of the synthetic approaches for preparing chitosan, chitosan derivatives, and conjugates is described and discussed. A recent update of the biological activities and applications in different research fields, mainly focused on the last 5 years, is presented, highlighting current trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Lima
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
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40
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Ao Q, Zhao H, Tong T, Peng Y, He Z. Enantioseparation of basic drugs by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography system using carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin as chiral mobile phase additive. Chirality 2022; 34:1128-1139. [PMID: 35574700 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and efficient method was developed for enantioseparation of basic drugs, using carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) as chiral mobile phase additive, rather than involving costly chiral column in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. Four of the six basic drug enantiomers investigated were successfully separated. The highest resolution reaches 2.15 for threo-(1S,2S)-2-amino-l-p-nitrophenyl-1,3-propanediol. The effects of the organic modifier, pH value, concentration of chiral additive, column temperature, and flow rate of mobile phase on the enantioseparation of analytes were researched. The apparent formation constants of inclusion and the thermodynamic parameters were evaluated to explain the mechanism of chiral recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ao
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliang Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhong Tong
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangfeng Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyang He
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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41
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Geibel C, Kramer M, Lämmerhofer M. Study of microheterogeneity of silatrane-based silica surface bonding chemistry and its optimization for the synthesis of chiral stationary phases for enantioselective liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1674:463138. [PMID: 35617910 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present work systematically investigates the chemical microheterogeneity as part of the optimization of a single-step surface bonding chemistry of 3-mercaptopropylsilatrane (MPS) on mesoporous silica gel in comparison to the state-of-the-art silane chemistry with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS). MPS functionalization turns out to be a favourable chemistry for the further use in thiol-ene click reactions such as the immobilization of chiral selectors, herein tert-butylcarbamoylquinine (tBuCQN), for the synthesis of chiral stationary phases (CSPs). MPS has higher reactivity than MPTMS and prefers the formation of trifunctional siloxane bondings unlike MPTMS which favours difunctional siloxane bonds to silica, as investigated by solid-state cross-polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR (29Si and 13C nuclei). Reaction conditions (ternary mixtures of methanol, water and toluene; with and without acid; prewetting of silica; HCl pretreatment of silica) were evaluated with the aim to find conditions which promote the formation of a horizontal siloxane polymer layer on top of the silica surface. Silanization reaction times could be reduced to 2 h. The 29Si NMR signal corresponding to trifunctional siloxane bonding could be increased to 60% with no T1 signal that refers to monofunctional siloxane bonding in spite of water in the ternary reaction mixture. Furthermore, no significant disulfide bridges were formed in this approach, leading to high selector loadings. The thiol and selector coverage reached up to 4.6 and 1.4 µmol/m2, respectively. With the preferred CSP, the enantioselectivity could be increased for a chiral probe (FMOC-Phe) and the mass transfer resistance (C-term) bisected compared to the corresponding CSP prepared from benchmark MPTMS-modified silica (2.54 vs 5.72 ms). It is demonstrated that the fine-tuning of the microstructure on the silica surface can have a significant influence on enantioselectivity and mass transfer kinetics of the resultant CSPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Geibel
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Markus Kramer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
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42
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Guo S, Huang C, Bo C, Ma S, Gong B, Ou J. Comparison of vancomycin-immobilized chiral stationary phase with its derivative for enantioseparation of drugs in high-performance liquid chromatography. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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Hirose D, Ogino K, Uematsu K, Maeda K. Enantioseparation on Helical Poly(diphenylacetylene)s Bearing Optically-Active Pendants: Effects of Differences in Higher-Order Structures of Kinetically-Trapped and Thermodynamically-Stable States on Chiral Recognition Ability. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1675:463164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Wang C, Chen C, Ma M, Feng Z, Du Y. In‐situ grown metal organic framework synergistic system for the enantioseparation of three drugs in open tubular capillary electrochromatography. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2708-2716. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Mingxuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Zijie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Yingxiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
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45
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Hirose D, Nozaki M, Maruta M, Maeda K. Solvent-dependent helix inversion in optically active poly(diphenylacetylene)s and their chiral recognition abilities as chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography. Chirality 2022; 34:597-608. [PMID: 35021261 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the first example of solvent-dependent helix inversion in poly(diphenylacetylene) (PDPA) derivatives. Asymmetrically substituted PDPAs bearing optically active substituents linked through amide bonds formed preferred-handed helical conformations because of the optically active substituents in the pendants, whose helix-senses were inverted upon thermal annealing in polar solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethylsulfoxide and in nonpolar solvents such as tetrachloroethane. Unlike the solvent-dependent helix inversion reported for other dynamic helical polymers, the macromolecular helicity induced in the polymer backbone of these PDPAs upon thermal annealing was stably maintained at room temperature, independent of the solvent polarity. These diastereomeric PDPAs with opposite helix-senses generated almost mirror-imaged left- and right-handed circularly polarized light in the same solvent at room temperature. Taking advantage of this unique solvent-dependent helix inversion property, the diastereomeric PDPAs with opposite helix-senses were coated on macroporous silica gel and applied to chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography. Despite having the same optically active substituents on the pendant phenyl rings, they showed completely different chiral recognition abilities toward many racemates depending on the helix-sense of the polymer backbone, and the elution order of the enantiomers was reversed for some racemates. The combination of the helix-sense of the polymer backbone and the chirality of the pendants, which afforded a higher chiral recognition ability, differed depending on the racemates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hirose
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mai Nozaki
- Graduate School of Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miyuki Maruta
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Maeda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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46
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Wu G. Recent advances in helical polyacetylene derivatives used as coated chiral stationary phases for enantioseparation. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00366j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of helical polyacetylene derivatives bearing different kinds of chiral pendants and the enantioseparation based on these helical polymers as coated CSPs for HPLC will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhao Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory and Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Wang L, Lv W, Han S, Yu Q, Pei D, Xu J, Wang M, Gao G, Lv M. Preparation and chiral resolution properties of bridged bis(cyclodextrin)s hybrid spheres for high performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:845-855. [PMID: 34931462 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Selenium-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s organic-inorganic hybrid silica material with regular spherical shape as new type of chiral stationary phase was directly synthesized under the one-pot hydrothermal synthesis method, and the chiral stationary phase was further characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry, and elemental analysis. The results of chiral separation showed that eight chiral compounds including various types of chiral alcohols and flavanone were successfully separated in the reversed-phase separation mode by high performance liquid chromatography, which showed the better chiral resolution effect than that on the C2 position of single β-cyclodextrin. The mechanism of chiral separation was likely due to multiple interactions such as inclusion, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, dipole-dipole interaction, and the synergistic effect of two cyclodextrins during the chiral resolution process. The synergy of the two cyclodextrins has great potential for development in chiral resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
| | - Siqi Han
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, P. R. China
| | - Dong Pei
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
| | - Mei Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, P. R. China
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