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Li X, Zhu N, Ming M, Li LL, Bu F, Wu XD, Yuan S, Fu HP. The Spatial Niche and Influencing Factors of Desert Rodents. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:734. [PMID: 38473118 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Resource partitioning may allow species coexistence. Sand dunes in the typical steppe of Alxa Desert Inner Mongolia, China, consisting of desert, shrub, and grass habitats, provide an appropriate system for studies of spatial niche partitioning among small mammals. In this study, the spatial niche characteristics of four rodents, Orientallactaga sibirica, Meriones meridianus, Dipus sagitta, and Phodopus roborovskii, and their responses to environmental changes in the Alxa Desert were studied from 2017 to 2021. Using the capture-mark-recapture method, we tested if desert rodents with different biological characteristics and life history strategies under heterogeneous environmental conditions allocate resources in spatial niches to achieve sympatric coexistence. We investigated the influence of environmental factors on the spatial niche breadth of rodents using random forest and redundancy analyses. We observed that the spatial niche overlap between O. sibirica and other rodents is extremely low (overlap index ≤ 0.14). P. roborovskii had the smallest spatial niche breadth. Spatial niche overlap was observed in two distinct species pairs, M. meridianus and D. sagitta, and P. roborovskii and D. sagitta. The Pielou evenness index of rodent communities is closely related to the spatial distribution of rodents, and the concealment of habitats is a key factor affecting the spatial occupation of rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 29 Erdos East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Rodent Pest Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, 29 Erdos East Street, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Na Zhu
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 29 Erdos East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Rodent Pest Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, 29 Erdos East Street, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Ming Ming
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 29 Erdos East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Rodent Pest Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, 29 Erdos East Street, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Lin-Lin Li
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 29 Erdos East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Rodent Pest Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, 29 Erdos East Street, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Fan Bu
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 29 Erdos East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Rodent Pest Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, 29 Erdos East Street, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wu
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 29 Erdos East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Rodent Pest Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, 29 Erdos East Street, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 29 Erdos East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Rodent Pest Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, 29 Erdos East Street, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - He-Ping Fu
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 29 Erdos East Street, Saihan District, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Rodent Pest Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, 29 Erdos East Street, Hohhot 010011, China
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Bu F, Yue X, Sun S, Jin Y, Li L, Li X, Zhang R, Shang Z, Yan H, Zhang H, Yuan S, Wu X, Fu H. Would future climate warming cause zoonotic diseases to spread over long distances? PeerJ 2024; 12:e16811. [PMID: 38406275 PMCID: PMC10893869 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dipus sagitta is a major rodent found in arid environments and desert areas. They feed on plant seeds, young branches and some small insects, and have hibernating habits. Peak Dipus sagitta numbers impact the construction of the plant community in the environment, but also have a human impact as these rodents carry a variety of parasitic fleas capable of spreading serious diseases to humans. Based on 216 present distribution records of Dipus sagitta and seven environmental variables, this article simulates the potential distribution of Dipus sagitta during the Last Glacial Maximum, the mid-Holocene, the present and the future (2070s, RCP4.5, RCP8.5). This study also analyzes the geographic changes of the population distribution and evaluates the importance of climate factors by integrating contribution rate, replacement importance value and the jackknife test using the MaxEnt model. In this study, we opted to assess the predictive capabilities of our model using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and partial receiver operating characteristic (pROC) metrics. The findings indicate that the AUC value exceeds 0.9 and the AUC ratio is greater than 1, indicating superior predictive performance by the model. The results showed that the main climatic factors affecting the distribution of the three-toed jerboa were precipitation in the coldest quarter, temperature seasonality (standard deviation), and mean annual temperature. Under the two warming scenarios of the mid-Holocene and the future, there were differences in the changes in the distribution area of the three-toed jerboa. During the mid-Holocene, the suitable distribution area of the three-toed jerboa expanded, with a 93.91% increase in the rate of change compared to the Last Glacial Maximum. The size of the three-toed jerboa's habitat decreases under both future climate scenarios. Compared to the current period, under the RCP4.5 emission scenario, the change rate is -2.96%, and under the RCP8.5 emission scenario, the change rate is -7.41%. This indicates a trend of contraction in the south and expansion in the north. It is important to assess changes in the geographic population of Dipus sagitta due to climate change to formulate population control strategies of these harmful rodents and to prevent and control the long-distance transmission of zoonotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Bu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiuxian Yue
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Forestry and Grassland Monitoring Planning Institute, Hohhot, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yongling Jin
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhenghaoni Shang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Haiwen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Haoting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Heping Fu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Rodent Ecology and Pest Controlled, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China
- College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Yuan S, Zhang HT, Li X, Yue XX, Fu HP, Wu XD. The effect of grazing and reclamation on rodent community stability in the Alxa desert. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1105297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem stability has been of increasing interest in the past several decades as it helps predict the consequences of anthropogenic disturbances on ecosystems. A wild rodent community under reclamation and different grazing disturbances in the Alxa Desert was investigated using live trapping from 2006 to 2011. We studied the rodent community composition, community diversity, and variability of different life history strategies. These results showed that reclamation reduced rodent community stability by increasing temporal variability of community, reducing rodent community resistance as shown by decreasing dominance of KSS strategists, and increased the resistance variability of the rodent community by increasing the variability of abundance and richness for KSS strategists. Grazing reduced rodent community resilience by reducing the dominance of rRF strategists, and increased the resilience variability of the rodent community by increasing the variability of abundance and richness for rRF strategists. Those results may answer the three ecological questions about how ecosystems respond to disturbances from a diversity perspective. The ecosystems with intermediate disturbance are more stable, in other words, with higher resistance and resilience. The increase of KSS strategists means the increase of resistance of the community. The increase of rRF strategists means the increase of community resilience.
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Li X, Yuan S, Li L, Zhang H, Jin Y, Liu L, Zhang R, Bu F, Sun S, Fu H, Wu X. Influence of grazing on the activity pattern and temporal niche of two dominant rodent species in Alxa desert. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1105729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Grazing by large herbivores can potentially affect interspecific interactions between small herbivores by reducing the ecological fitness of animals. Desert rodents are important components in desert ecosystems and indicators of environmental change. Grazing reduces food resources, but rodents can decrease interspecific niche overlap by adaptive behavior. However, the key factors driving rodent behavioral activities and coexistence in the Alxa desert remains unstudied. We monitored population density and behavioral activities of Midday gerbil (Meriones meridianus) and northern three-toed jerboa (Dipus sagitta) in a grazing exclusion experiment in Alxa desert, Inner Mongolia, China, in 2017. We assessed the relationship between environmental factors (such as plant height, density, coverage, rainfall and temperature) and the behavioral activities of two coexisting rodent species. The results showed that: (1) In summer, grazing significantly reduced the activity time of gerbil and jerboa compared to that in grazing exclusion areas (gerbil: F = 5.98, p < 0.05, η2 = 0.22; jerboa: F = 8.57, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.28). Grazing reduced the temporal niche overlap with an obvious shifting of activity peaks between two species. (2) Grazing exclusion enhanced the temporal niche overlap between the two rodent species due to greater food availability which relieved inter-specific competition in each season. (3) Grazing strengthened the sensitivity of rodents to environmental changes in all seasons. These results indicated that grazing affected competition between the rodent species by altering vegetation conditions, which in turn affected the temporal niche and activity patterns of rodents.
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He M, Tang L, Li C, Ren J, Zhang L, Li X. Dynamics of soil organic carbon and nitrogen and their relations to hydrothermal variability in dryland. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115751. [PMID: 35982576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles of terrestrial ecosystems play key roles in global climate change and ecosystem sustainability. In recent decades, climate change has threatened the nutrient balance of dryland ecosystems. However, its impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN) in drylands of China are still unclear. In this study, the structural equation model (SEM) was used to explain the relationship between environmental variables used by the best model and SOC or STN. Then Adaptive Boosting Regressor (AdaBoost), Gradient Boosting Regression (GBRT), Extreme gradient boosting Regression (XGBoost) and Random Forest Regression (RF) were used to establish the prediction model of SOC and STN based on soil samples along with environmental variables. The performance of these models was assessed based on a 10-fold cross-validation method using three statistical indicators. Finally, we predicted the SOC and STN of soil samples from 2000 to 2019 based on the best model. Overall, the RF model performed better at predicting SOC and STN in drylands than the other three prediction models (AdaBoost, GBRT, XGBoost). Climate factors were the main factors affecting SOC and STN in the study area. In the Alashan, a dryland in northern China, the precipitation in the growing season increased from 2000 to 2019, at a rate of 12.9 mm/decade. During the same period, the annual sunshine duration significantly decreased by 66 h/decade. Along with interannual hydrothermal variability, SOC showed a fluctuating upward trend at a rate of 0.04 g/kg/decade, while STN exhibited a fluctuating downward trend at 0.003 g/kg/decade from 2000 to 2019. Due to the effects of climate change, dryland were considered as potential sites for carbon sequestration. However, due to the annual hydrothermal variance causing dynamic annual changes, it was deemed unstable. Moreover, it would cause STN loss, which might reduce soil fertility. More attention should be paid to STN monitoring in dryland in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu He
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Liang Tang
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Chengyi Li
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100000, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Ren
- Hami Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Inspection and Testing Center, 839000, Hami, Xinjiang, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100000, Beijing, China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 730000, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Ji Y, Yuan S, Fu H, Yang S, Bu F, Li X, Wu X. Activity strategy and pattern of the Siberian jerboa ( Orientallactaga sibirica) in the Alxa desert region, China. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10996. [PMID: 33854836 PMCID: PMC7955674 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodents exhibit seasonal changes in their activity patterns as an essential survival strategy. We studied the activity patterns and strategies of the Siberian jerboa (Orientallactaga sibirica) in the Alxa desert region to better understand the habitats and behavioural ecology of xeric rodents. We conducted an experiment using three plots to monitor the duration, time, and frequency of the active period of the Siberian jerboa using infrared cameras in the Alxa field workstation, Inner Mongolia, China in 2017. The relationships between the activity time and frequency, biological factors (perceived predation risk, food resources, and species composition), and abiotic factors (temperature, air moisture, wind speed) were analysed using Redundancy Analysis (RDA). Our results showed that: (1) relative humidity mainly affected activities in the springtime; temperature, relative humidity and interspecific competition mainly affected activities in the summertime; relative humidity and perceived predation risk mainly influenced activities in the autumn. (2) The activity pattern of the Siberian jerboa altered depending on the season. The activity of the Siberian jerboa was found to be bimodal in spring and summer, and was trimodal in autumn. The activity time and frequency in autumn were significantly lower than the spring. (3) Animals possess the ability to integrate disparate sources of information about danger to optimize energy gain. The jerboa adapted different responses to predation risks and competition in different seasons according to the demand for food resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ji
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Rodent Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Rodent Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Heping Fu
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Rodent Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Hohhot, China.,College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Suwen Yang
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Rodent Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Fan Bu
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Rodent Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Rodent Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Rodent Research Center, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Hohhot, China
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Yang S, Yuan S, Wu X, Zhang R, Yue X, Ji Y, Li L, Li X, Fu H. The effect of grazing on winter survival of midday gerbil ( Meriones meridianus) of different genders. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:12395-12406. [PMID: 33537120 PMCID: PMC7845001 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of grazing on midday gerbil (Meriones meridianus) population characteristics and survival of animals of different genders. The experiment used a randomized complete block design and was conducted in Alxa Left Banner, Inner Mongolia, China, in 2002 (The agricultural reclamation plots set up in 1994). From April 2006 to October 2010, midday gerbils were live-trapped in 3 light grazing plots, 3 overgrazed plots, and 3 grazing exclusion plots. The quantity of vegetation was investigated in the two different grazing intensity areas and grazing exclusion area to determine the relationship between gerbils and plant food availability. The results suggested that there was higher gerbil density, individual body mass, and daily body mass growth rate in the grazing exclusion sites than the other sites across the whole year. Females had higher survival in grazing exclusion areas than in other treatments, but the males' survival showed the opposite pattern. Our results indicated that grazing negatively influenced the midday gerbil population by reducing food availability. Grazing influenced the survival rates of male midday gerbils positively, but had negative effects on females. The reason for gendered differences in survival rates of midday gerbils requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su‐Wen Yang
- College of Grassland, Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHohhotChina
- Rodent Research CenterInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Shuai Yuan
- College of Grassland, Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHohhotChina
- Rodent Research CenterInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Xiao‐Dong Wu
- College of Grassland, Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHohhotChina
- Rodent Research CenterInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Rong Zhang
- College of Grassland, Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHohhotChina
- Rodent Research CenterInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Xiu‐Xian Yue
- Institute of Forestry Monitoring and Planning of Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionHohhotChina
| | - Yu Ji
- College of Grassland, Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHohhotChina
- Rodent Research CenterInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Lin‐Lin Li
- College of Grassland, Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHohhotChina
- Rodent Research CenterInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Xin Li
- College of Grassland, Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHohhotChina
- Rodent Research CenterInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - He‐Ping Fu
- College of Grassland, Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHohhotChina
- Rodent Research CenterInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
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