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Chattopadhyay A, Gierczak T, Marshall P, Papadimitriou VC, Burkholder JB. Kinetic fall-off behavior for the Cl + Furan-2,5-dione (C 4H 2O 3, maleic anhydride) reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4901-4911. [PMID: 33616582 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06402e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rate coefficients, k, for the gas-phase Cl + Furan-2,5-dione (C4H2O3, maleic anhydride) reaction were measured over the 15-500 torr (He and N2 bath gas) pressure range at temperatures between 283 and 323 K. Kinetic measurements were performed using pulsed laser photolysis (PLP) to produce Cl atoms and atomic resonance fluorescence (RF) to monitor the Cl atom temporal profile. Complementary relative rate (RR) measurements were performed at 296 K and 620 torr pressure (syn. air) and found to be in good agreement with the absolute measurements. A Troe-type fall-off fit of the temperature and pressure dependence yielded the following rate coefficient parameters: ko(T) = (9.4 ± 0.5) × 10-29 (T/298)-6.3 cm6 molecule-2 s-1, k∞(T) = (3.4 ± 0.5) × 10-11 (T/298)-1.4 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The formation of a Cl·C4H2O3 adduct intermediate was deduced from the Cl atom temporal profiles and an equilibrium constant, KP(T), for the Cl + C4H2O3 ↔ Cl·C4H2O3 reaction was determined. A third-law analysis yielded ΔH = -15.7 ± 0.4 kcal mol-1 with ΔS = -25.1 cal K-1 mol-1, where ΔS was derived from theoretical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311G(2d,p,d) level. In addition, the rate coefficient for the Cl·C4H2O3 + O2 reaction at 296 K was measured to be (2.83 ± 0.16) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, where the quoted uncertainty is the 2σ fit precision. Stable end-product molar yields of (83 ± 7), (188 ± 10), and (65 ± 10)% were measured for CO, CO2, and HC(O)Cl, respectively, in an air bath gas. An atmospheric degradation mechanism for C4H2O3 is proposed based on the observed product yields and theoretical calculations of ring-opening pathways and activation barrier energies at the CBS-QB3 level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparajeo Chattopadhyay
- Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3327, USA. and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Tomasz Gierczak
- Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3327, USA. and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Paul Marshall
- Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3327, USA. and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA and Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305070, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Vassileios C Papadimitriou
- Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3327, USA. and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - James B Burkholder
- Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3327, USA.
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Gaona-Colmán E, Blanco MB, Barnes I, Wiesen P, Teruel MA. Atmospheric sink of β-ocimene and camphene initiated by Cl atoms: kinetics and products at NOxfree-air. RSC Adv 2018; 8:27054-27063. [PMID: 35540015 PMCID: PMC9083264 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04931a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rate coefficients for the gas-phase reactions of Cl atoms with β-ocimene and camphene were determined to be (in units of 10−10cm3per molecule per s) 5.5 ± 0.7 and 3.3 ± 0.4, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Gaona-Colmán
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímicas de Córdoba (INFIQC)
- Dpto. de Fisicoquímica
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Ciudad Universitaria
| | - María B. Blanco
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímicas de Córdoba (INFIQC)
- Dpto. de Fisicoquímica
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Ciudad Universitaria
| | - Ian Barnes
- Physikalische Chemie/FBC
- Bergische Universitaet Wuppertal
- 42119 Wuppertal
- Germany
| | - Peter Wiesen
- Physikalische Chemie/FBC
- Bergische Universitaet Wuppertal
- 42119 Wuppertal
- Germany
| | - Mariano A. Teruel
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímicas de Córdoba (INFIQC)
- Dpto. de Fisicoquímica
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
- Ciudad Universitaria
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Vijayakumar S, Ramya CB, Kumar A, Rajakumar B. Kinetic investigations of Cl atom initiated photo-oxidation reactions of cyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons in the gas phase: an experimental and theoretical study. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01721a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cl atom initiated photo oxidation kinetics of cyclohexene and cycloheptene.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Vijayakumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036
- India
| | - C. B. Ramya
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036
- India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036
- India
| | - B. Rajakumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036
- India
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Walavalkar MP, Vijayakumar S, Sharma A, Rajakumar B, Dhanya S. Is H Atom Abstraction Important in the Reaction of Cl with 1-Alkenes? J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:4096-107. [PMID: 27253670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b04667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The relative yields of products of the reaction of Cl atoms with 1-alkenes (C4-C9) were determined to see whether H atom abstraction is an important channel and if it is to identify the preferred position of abstraction. The presence of all the possible positional isomers of long chain alkenones and alkenols among the products, along with chloroketones and chloroalcohols, confirms the occurrence of H atom abstraction. A consistent pattern of distribution of abstraction products is observed with oxidation at C4 (next to allyl) being the lowest and that at CH2 groups away from the double bond being the highest. This contradicts with the higher stability of allyl (C3) radical. For a better understanding of the relative reactivity, ab initio calculations at MP2/6-311+G (d,p) level of theory are carried out in the case of 1-heptene. The total rate coefficient, calculated using conventional transition state theory, was found to be in good agreement with the experimental value at room temperature. The preferred position of Cl atom addition is predicted to be the terminal carbon atom, which matches with the experimental observation, whereas the rate coefficients calculated for individual channels of H atom abstraction do not explain the observed pattern of products. The distribution of abstraction products except at C4 is found to be better explained by reported structure activity relationship, developed from experimental rate coefficient data. This implies the reactions to be kinetically dictated and emphasizes the importance of secondary reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Walavalkar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Vijayakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600 036, India
| | - A Sharma
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - B Rajakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai 600 036, India
| | - S Dhanya
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
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Alwe HD, Sharma A, Walavalkar MP, Dhanya S, Naik PD. Reactivity of Cl atom with triple-bonded molecules. An experimental and theoretical study with alcohols. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:7695-706. [PMID: 25146879 DOI: 10.1021/jp5050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactivities of the Cl atom with triple-bonded molecules were examined by determining the rate coefficients of reactions of four triple-bonded alcohols (TA), namely, 2-propyn-1-ol, 3-butyn-1-ol, 3-butyn-2-ol, and 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol, using the relative rate method, at 298 K. The rate coefficients (k) of reaction of the four alcohols with Cl vary in the range (3.5-4.3) × 10(-10) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). These values imply significant contribution of the Cl reaction in the tropospheric degradation of TAs in the conditions of the marine boundary layer. A striking difference is observed in the reactivity trend of Cl from that of OH/O3. Although the reactivity of OH/O3 is lower with triple-bonded molecules, as compared to the double-bonded analogues, the reactivity of the Cl atom is similar for both. For a deeper insight, the reactions of Cl and OH with the simplest TA, 2-propyn-1-ol, are investigated theoretically. Conventional transition state theory is applied to compute the values of k, using the calculated energies at QCISD and QCISD(T) levels of theory of the optimized geometries of the reactants, transition states (TS), and the product radicals of all the possible reaction pathways at the MP2/6-311++G(d,p) level. The k values calculated at the QCISD level for Cl and the QCISD(T) level for OH reactions are found to be very close to the experimental values at 298 K. In the case of the Cl reaction, the abstraction of α-H atoms as well as the addition at the terminal and middle carbon atoms have submerged TS and the contribution of the abstraction reaction is found to be significant at room temperature, at all levels of calculations. Addition at the terminal carbon atom is prominent compared to that at the middle carbon. In contrast to the Cl reaction, only addition at the middle carbon is associated with such low lying TS in the case of OH. The individual rate coefficients of addition and abstraction of OH are lower than that of Cl. The negative temperature dependence of the computed rate coefficients in the temperature range 200-400 K shows that the difference in the TS energy of Cl and OH affects the pre-exponential factor more than the activation energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Alwe
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai, India 400 085
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Abou-Chahine F, Preston TJ, Dunning GT, Orr-Ewing AJ, Greetham GM, Clark IP, Towrie M, Reid SA. Photoisomerization and Photoinduced Reactions in Liquid CCl4 and CHCl3. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:13388-98. [DOI: 10.1021/jp406687x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Abou-Chahine
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Thomas J. Preston
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Greg T. Dunning
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Andrew J. Orr-Ewing
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s
Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Gregory M. Greetham
- Central Laser Facility,
Research Complex
at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Ian P. Clark
- Central Laser Facility,
Research Complex
at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Mike Towrie
- Central Laser Facility,
Research Complex
at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Scott A. Reid
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, 535 North 14th
Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
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Zhao Y, Sun X, Bai J, Zhang C, Zhang J. Atmospheric degradation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins in the presence of NO3 at night. CAN J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2012-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The density functional theory (DFT) has been applied to studies on the homogeneous gas-phase degradation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (2,3,7,8-TeCDD) initiated by the NO3 radical, which is an important atmospheric species at night. The geometrical parameters and vibrational frequencies of all the stationary points were calculated at the MPWB1K/6-31+G (d,p) level. Potential energies were calculated at the MPWB1K/6-311+G (3df,2p) level. Three sites on 2,3,7,8-TeCDD react with the NO3 radical with different barriers and reaction heats. The addition of NO3 to the carbon atom on the central C–O ring is the most appropriate pathway and with the lower barriers, and the central ring of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin is opened in the subsequent reactions. Some other pathways are stressed for the dechlorination mechanism. Canonical variational transition-state theory with small curvature tunneling contribution was used to calculate the rate constants of each elementary reaction over the temperature range of 200–400 K. The Arrhenius equations were fitted to show the relationship between rate constants and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Bai
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
| | - Jianghua Zhang
- School of Management, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China
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Alwe HD, Walawalkar M, Sharma A, Pushpa KK, Dhanya S, Naik PD. Rate Coefficients for the Gas-Phase Reactions of Chlorine Atoms with Cyclic Ethers at 298 K. INT J CHEM KINET 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. D. Alwe
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay; Mumbai; 400 085; India
| | - M. Walawalkar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay; Mumbai; 400 085; India
| | - A. Sharma
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay; Mumbai; 400 085; India
| | - K. K. Pushpa
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay; Mumbai; 400 085; India
| | - S. Dhanya
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay; Mumbai; 400 085; India
| | - P. D. Naik
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Trombay; Mumbai; 400 085; India
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Sharma A, Pushpa KK, Dhanya S, Naik PD, Bajaj PN. Rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of chlorine atoms with 1,4-cyclohexadiene and 1,5-cyclooctadiene at 298 K. INT J CHEM KINET 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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