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Invitto S, Leucci M, Accogli G, Schito A, Nestola C, Ciccarese V, Rinaldi R, Boscolo Rizzo P, Spinato G, Leo S. Chemobrain, Olfactory and Lifestyle Assessment in Onco-Geriatrics: Sex-Mediated Differences between Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1390. [PMID: 36291323 PMCID: PMC9599735 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A possible link between chemotherapy and cognitive impairment has been identified. In the literature, this condition is usually called chemobrain and can mostly affect some memory domain but can lead also to other cognitive impairments. Olfaction, which is known to be linked with cognitive domain and the nociception system, can also be affected by chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the main cognitive and olfactory abilities and the functional and nutritional state of a cohort of chemotherapy and immunotherapy onco-geriatric patients and control geriatrics subjects. Cognitive, olfactory, geriatric and nutritional assessments were performed through the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Sniffin' Sticks Screening 12, G8 test and a questionnaire on the adherence of the Mediterranean diet, respectively. Our findings show a gender effect on the MMSE. Overall results indicate more pronounced impairments both at the cognitive and frailty level regardless of the type of therapy. On the other hand, the Sniffin' Sticks performances highlight a significant decrease in olfactory perception ability of subjects following immunotherapy. Significant correlations between olfactory performance and MMSE and G8 scores were also found, as well as between MMSE and G8 measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Invitto
- INSPIRE LAB-Laboratory of Cognitive and Psychophysiological Olfactory Processes, DiSTeBA, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mariangela Leucci
- INSPIRE LAB-Laboratory of Cognitive and Psychophysiological Olfactory Processes, DiSTeBA, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Accogli
- INSPIRE LAB-Laboratory of Cognitive and Psychophysiological Olfactory Processes, DiSTeBA, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Andrea Schito
- INSPIRE LAB-Laboratory of Cognitive and Psychophysiological Olfactory Processes, DiSTeBA, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Claudia Nestola
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Ross Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Paolo Boscolo Rizzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Section of Otolaryngology, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giacomo Spinato
- Section of Otolaryngology, Regional Centre for Head and Neck Cancer, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, 31100 Treviso, Italy
| | - Silvana Leo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Veyseller B, Ozucer B, Degirmenci N, Gurbuz D, Tambas M, Altun M, Aksoy F, Ozturan O. Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function after radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. Auris Nasus Larynx 2014; 41:436-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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