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Kim SJ, Sun EG, Bae JA, Park S, Hong C, Park Z, Kim H, Kim KK. A peptide interfering with the dimerization of oncogenic KITENIN protein and its stability suppresses colorectal tumour progression. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e871. [PMID: 35853101 PMCID: PMC9296036 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability of a protein, as well as its function and versatility, can be enhanced through oligomerization. KITENIN (KAI1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin) is known to promote the malignant progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). How KITENIN maintains its structural integrity and stability are largely unknown, however. Here we investigated the mechanisms regulating the stability of KITENIN with the aim of developing therapeutics blocking its oncogenic functions. We found that KITENIN formed a homo-oligomeric complex and that the intracellular C-terminal domain (KITENIN-CTD) was needed for this oligomerization. Expression of the KITENIN-CTD alone interfered with the formation of the KITENIN homodimer, and the amino acid sequence from 463 to 471 within the KITENIN-CTD was the most effective. This sequence coupled with a cell-penetrating peptide was named a KITENIN dimerization-interfering peptide (KDIP). We next studied the mechanisms by which KDIP affected the stability of KITENIN. The KITENIN-interacting protein myosin-X (Myo10), which has oncogenic activity in several cancers, functioned as an effector to stabilize the KITENIN homodimer in the cis formation. Treatment with KDIP resulted in the disintegration of the homodimer via downregulation of Myo10, which led to increased binding of RACK1 to the exposed RACK1-interacting motif (463-471 aa), and subsequent autophagy-dependent degradation of KITENIN and reduced CRC cell invasion. Intravenous injection of KDIP significantly reduced the tumour burden in a syngeneic mouse tumour model and colorectal liver metastasis in an intrasplenic hepatic metastasis model. Collectively, our present results provide a new cancer therapeutic peptide for blocking colorectal liver metastasis, which acts by inducing the downregulation of Myo10 and specifically targeting the stability of the oncogenic KITENIN protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Kim
- Department of PharmacologyChonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuRepublic of Korea
- College of PharmacySunchon National UniversitySuncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Eun Gene Sun
- Department of PharmacologyChonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong A Bae
- Department of PharmacologyChonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Sehoon Park
- School of Life SciencesGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Chang‐Soo Hong
- Department of PharmacologyChonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Zee‐Yong Park
- School of Life SciencesGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of PharmacySunchon National UniversitySuncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Kyung Keun Kim
- Department of PharmacologyChonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuRepublic of Korea
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Bae JA, Bae WK, Kim SJ, Ko YS, Kim KY, Park SY, Yu YH, Kim EA, Chung IJ, Kim H, Ha HH, Kim KK. A new KSRP-binding compound suppresses distant metastasis of colorectal cancer by targeting the oncogenic KITENIN complex. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:78. [PMID: 34039363 PMCID: PMC8152081 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Distant metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, we identified KITENIN as a metastasis-enhancing gene and suggested that the oncogenic KITENIN complex is involved in metastatic dissemination of KITENIN-overexpressing CRC cells. Here, we attempted to find substances targeting the KITENIN complex and test their ability to suppress distant metastasis of CRC. Methods We screened a small-molecule compound library to find candidate substances suppressing the KITENIN complex in CRC cells. We selected a candidate compound and examined its effects on the KITENIN complex and distant metastasis through in vitro assays, a molecular docking model, and in vivo tumor models. Results Among several compounds, we identified DKC1125 (Disintegrator of KITENIN Complex #1125) as the best candidate. DKC1125 specifically suppressed KITENIN gain of function. After binding KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP), DKC1125 degraded KITENIN and Dvl2 by recruiting RACK1 and miRNA-124, leading to the disintegration of the functional KITENIN–KSRP–RACK1–Dvl2 complex. A computer docking model suggested that DKC1125 specifically interacted with the binding pocket of the fourth KH-domain of KSRP. KITENIN-overexpressing CRC cells deregulated certain microRNAs and were resistant to 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and cetuximab. DKC1125 restored sensitivity to these drugs by normalizing expression of the deregulated microRNAs, including miRNA-124. DKC1125 effectively suppressed colorectal liver metastasis in a mouse model. Interestingly, the combination of DKC1125 with 5-fluorouracil suppressed metastasis more effectively than either drug alone. Conclusion DKC1125 targets the KITENIN complex and could therefore be used as a novel therapeutic to suppress liver metastasis in CRC expressing high levels of KITENIN. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-021-01368-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong A Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Baekseoro 160, Dong-Ku, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Baekseoro 160, Dong-Ku, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.,Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - Sung Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Baekseoro 160, Dong-Ku, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Seung Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Baekseoro 160, Dong-Ku, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Keon Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Baekseoro 160, Dong-Ku, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Jungangro 225, Sunchon, 57922, South Korea
| | - Young Hyun Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Jungangro 225, Sunchon, 57922, South Korea
| | - Eun Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ik Joo Chung
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Baekseoro 160, Dong-Ku, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.,Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Jungangro 225, Sunchon, 57922, South Korea.
| | - Hyung-Ho Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Jungangro 225, Sunchon, 57922, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Keun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Baekseoro 160, Dong-Ku, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
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Lee DH, Lee JK. Establishment of a Cell Line (CNUH-HNSCC-1) Derived from an Advanced Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Chonnam Med J 2011; 47:85-9. [PMID: 22111066 PMCID: PMC3214871 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2011.47.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell lines are the basic material for various lines of cancer research. Diverse cancer cell lines derived from tissues of various head and neck regions are needed for biological research on head and neck cancer. However, cell lines derived from cancer of the head and neck are not common. Recently, we established and characterized a novel human squamous carcinoma cell line, CNUH-HNSCC-1. From six cases of head and neck cancer, we established one specimen that was maintained for over 50 passages. We characterized the cell line as follows: growth patterns and curve, morphology by use of phase-contrast microscopy, and tumorigenicity by implanting the cell line into nude mice and making morphological comparisons. CNUH-HNSCC-1 cells grew well in vitro even after passage 50. However, the cells failed to form tumors in nude mice. CNUH-HNSCC-1 cells could be used as a control cell line for studying the biology of head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
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Lee JK, Lee DH, Sun EG, Bae JA, Lim SC, Min JJ, Sung MW, Kim KK. Gene therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using KITENIN (KAI1 COOH-Terminal Interacting Tetraspanin)-antisense therapy. Yonsei Med J 2011; 52:463-8. [PMID: 21488189 PMCID: PMC3101040 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2011.52.3.463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE KAI1 COOH-terminal interacting tetraspanin (KITENIN) has been found to act as a promoter of metastasis in murine models of colon cancer and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The suppression of tumor progression and metastasis of established colon cancer in mice was observed after intravenous delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting KITENIN. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of gene therapy targeting KITENIN in human head and neck SCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS SNU-1041, a well-established human hypopharyngeal SCC cell line, was used. KITENIN expression in SNU-1041 was measured by Western blot analysis. The cells were prepared, maintained in culture dishes with media, and divided into two groups: the si-KITENIN group and the scrambled group (control). The siRNA targeting KITENIN (si-KITENIN) and scrambled DNA were transfected into the SNU-1041 cells in each group. The effect of gene therapy was compared by in vitro experiments to evaluate invasion, migration, and proliferation. RESULTS KITENIN was strongly expressed in the SNU-1041 cells, and the number of invaded cells was reduced more in the si-KITENIN group than in the scrambled group (p<0.001). The speed for the narrowing gap, made through adherent cells, was lower in the si-KITENIN group (p<0.001), and the number of viable proliferating cells was reduced in the si-KITENIN group compared to the scrambled group (p<0.001, the third day). KITENIN protein expression was no longer identified in the si-KITENIN group. CONCLUSION Gene therapy using an anti-KITENIN strategy might be effective for head and neck squamous carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Kyoo Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun 519-763, Korea.
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