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Sindwani R, Sreenath SB, Recinos PF. Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to Intraconal Orbital Tumors: Outcomes and Lessons Learned. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:47-55. [PMID: 37249188 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lesions involving the intraconal space of the orbit are rare and challenging to manage. Operative techniques and outcomes for the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to tumors in the medial intraconal space (MIS) remain poorly characterized. OBJECTIVE We present our experience with a wide range of isolated intraconal pathology managed via an EEA. METHODS A retrospective review of all cases (2014-2021) performed by a single skull base team in which the EEA was employed for the management of an intraconal orbital lesion. RESULTS Twenty patients (13 men, 7 women) with a mean age of 59 years (range, 40-89 years) were included. All lesions were isolated to the MIS, pathology addressed included: cavernous hemangioma (6), schwannoma (4), lymphoma (4), inflammatory pseudotumor (2), chronic invasive fungal sinusitis (2), and metastatic disease (2). Either a biopsy (10/20) or a complete resection (10/20) was performed. In all cases, the MIS was accessed via an endonasal corridor between the medial and inferior rectus muscles. Retraction and safe, intra-orbital dissection of the lesion was performed using a two-surgeon, multi-handed technique. Gross total resection of benign lesions was achieved in 90% (9/10) of cases; a pathologic diagnosis was achieved in 100% (10/10) of biopsy cases. No orbital reconstruction was required. Visual acuity returned to normal in 80% (8/10) of planned resection cases and postoperative diplopia resolved by 3 months in 90%. Mean follow-up was 15 months. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the EEA is safe and effective for accessing lesions in the MIS. This technique affords very favorable outcomes with minimal postoperative morbidity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 134:47-55, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Sindwani
- Section of Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Burkhardt Brain Tumor Neuro-Oncology Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Satyan B Sreenath
- Division of Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Pablo F Recinos
- Section of Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Burkhardt Brain Tumor Neuro-Oncology Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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2
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Takahashi Y, Vaidya A. Secondary Effects of Orbital Decompression in Thyroid Eye Disease: A Review. Semin Ophthalmol 2023:1-10. [PMID: 36631972 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2023.2166354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Orbital decompression is mainly performed in thyroid eye disease to reduce proptosis and retrobulbar pressure, to improve venous congestion, and to relieve optic nerve compression. Secondary effects of orbital decompression are also occasionally encountered. The aim of this study was to review the secondary effects of orbital decompression. METHODS This is a comprehensive literature review that summarizes the secondary effects of orbital decompression. RESULTS Decreased intraocular pressure, inter-pupillary distance, and eyelid pressure, and improvement of eyelid retraction, lateral flare, orbital discomfort, and psychosocial condition after orbital decompression are favorable changes for patients. In contrast, refractive changes in some patients and decreased Bell's phenomenon and nasal function worsen patients' condition. CONCLUSION These favorable changes may reduce the patients' burden for treatment of thyroid eye disease. In contrast, as some of the adverse effects significantly worsen the patients' disease condition, we should carefully monitor these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Takahashi
- Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital & Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Aric Vaidya
- Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital & Lacrimal Surgery, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital & Lacrimal Surgery, Kirtipur Eye Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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3
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Ong AA, DeVictor S, Vincent AG, Namin AW, Wang W, Ducic Y. Bony Orbital Surgery for Graves' Ophthalmopathy. Facial Plast Surg 2021; 37:692-697. [PMID: 34500489 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of Graves' ophthalmopathy, or thyroid eye disease, can be managed medically; however, in refractory or severe cases, surgical intervention with orbital decompression may be necessary. The majority of the published literature is retrospective in nature, and there is no standardized approach to orbital decompression. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the various surgical approaches and techniques for orbital decompression. Outcomes are ultimately dependent on individual patient factors, surgical approach, and surgeon experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A Ong
- Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Samuel DeVictor
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - Aurora G Vincent
- Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Arya W Namin
- Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Weitao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Yadranko Ducic
- Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort Worth, Texas
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4
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Jeon C, Hong SD, Woo KI, Seol HJ, Nam DH, Lee JI, Kong DS. Use of endoscopic transorbital and endonasal approaches for 360° circumferential access to orbital tumors. J Neurosurg 2021; 135:103-112. [PMID: 32977310 DOI: 10.3171/2020.6.jns20890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Orbital tumors are often surgically challenging because they require an extensive fronto-temporo-orbital zygomatic approach (FTOZ) and a multidisciplinary team approach to provide the best outcomes. Recently, minimally invasive endoscopic techniques via a transorbital superior eyelid approach (ETOA) or endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) have been proposed as viable alternatives to transcranial approaches for orbital tumors. In this study, the authors investigated the feasibility of 360° circumferential access to orbital tumors via both ETOA and EEA. METHODS Between April 2014 and June 2019, 16 patients with orbital tumors underwent either ETOA or EEA at the authors' institution. Based on the neuro-topographic "four-zone model" of the orbit with its tumor epicenter around the optic nerve in the coronal plane, ETOA (n = 10, 62.5%) was performed for tumors located predominantly superolateral to the nerve and EEA (n = 6, 37.5%) for those located predominantly inferomedial to the nerve. Eight patients (50%) presented with intraconal tumors and 8 (50%) with extraconal ones. The orbital tumors included orbital schwannoma (n = 6), cavernous hemangioma (n = 2), olfactory groove meningioma (n = 1), sphenoorbital meningioma (n = 1), chondrosarcoma (n = 1), trigeminal schwannoma (n = 1), metastatic osteosarcoma (n = 1), mature cystic teratoma (n = 1), sebaceous carcinoma (n = 1), and ethmoid sinus osteoma (n = 1). The clinical outcomes and details of surgical techniques were reviewed. RESULTS Gross-total resection was achieved in 12 patients (75%), near-total resection in 3 (18.8%), and subtotal resection in 1 (6.2%). Eight (88.9%) of the 9 patients with preoperative proptosis showed improvement after surgery, and 4 (66.7%) of the 6 patients with visual symptoms demonstrated improvement. Four (40%) of the 10 patients treated with ETOA experienced partial third nerve palsy immediately after surgery (3 transient and 1 persistent). There have been no postoperative CSF leaks or infections in this series. CONCLUSIONS Without transcranial approaches requiring temporalis muscle dissection and orbitozygomatic osteotomy, the selection of ETOA or EEA based on a concept of a four-zone model with its epicenter around the optic nerve successfully provides a minimally invasive 360° circumferential access to the entire orbit with acceptable morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyung In Woo
- 3Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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5
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Gioacchini FM, Kaleci S, Cassandro E, Scarpa A, Tulli M, Cassandro C, Ralli M, Re M. Orbital wall decompression in the management of Graves' orbitopathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 278:4135-4145. [PMID: 33599843 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-021-06698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically review outcomes of orbital bony wall decompression for Grave's orbitopathy according to the surgical approach. METHODS A systematic search for studies published in "Ovid MEDLINE", "Web of Science" and "Embase" of patients with surgical treatment of Grave's orbitopathy was performed. The overall postoperative change in Hertel exophthalmometry was calculated by random-effect meta-analysis model with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of 33 studies, including 1686 patients and 2946 procedures, were included. The weighted mean Hertel value overall reduction was - 4.56 mm (95% CI - 5.05 to - 4.07 mm). According to surgical techniques the reduction was - 4.36 mm (95% CI - 5.22 to - 3.50) for infero-medial technique, - 4.88 mm (- 5.68 to - 4.08) for medial-lateral technique, - 4.32 mm (- 4.80to - 3.84) for lateral technique, - 5.45 mm (- 6.16 to - 4.74) for three-wall technique and - 3.47 mm (- 5.81 to - 1.12) for medial technique. The overall rate of new-onset of primary gaze diplopia was reported in 23 studies. The included procedures were 653 and results were heterogeneous (heterogeneity: Q = 78.8 df = 22, I2 = 72.09%, p < 0.01). The pooled proportion (95% CI) rate of new-onset of primary gaze diplopia was 12% (7-16). CONCLUSION Our metanalysis highlights that orbital bony wall decompression represents an effective surgical procedure. The three wall approach was associated with the best results in terms of exophthalmos reduction. Data suggest that an exclusive lateral approach may help to avoid the new-onset of primary gaze diplopia during the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Maria Gioacchini
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Shaniko Kaleci
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Clinical and Public Health, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Ettore Cassandro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alfonso Scarpa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Michele Tulli
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Ralli
- Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Re
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Conca 71, 60020, Ancona, Italy
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6
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Suresh R, Soparkar CN, Alford EL. Sinonasal complications associated with endoscopic orbital decompression. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2021; 6:71-76. [PMID: 33614932 PMCID: PMC7883623 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Characterize sinonasal complications associated with endoscopic orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease (TED). METHODS Retrospective analysis of patients who underwent endoscopic orbital decompression at Houston Methodist Hospital by two otolaryngologists and one ophthalmologist between May 2016 and February 2020 for TED. Patient ethnicity, age, laterality, operative approach (middle turbinectomy vs middle turbinate sparing), and history of prior sinusitis were collected. RESULTS One hundred and forty-five orbital decompressions met the inclusion criteria. Postoperative obstructive sinusitis where herniated orbital fat caused obstruction of the sinus ostium occurred in 5.5% of operations. Patients who had a prior history of sinusitis were more likely to develop postoperative obstructive sinusitis (P = .02). The middle turbinectomy approach was more likely to show a reduced incidence of postoperative sinusitis (P = .014). CONCLUSION Given the increased difficulty of managing sinonasal complications in the context of a decompressed orbit, efforts should be made to identify factors that might reduce the incidence of postoperative endonasal complications. The current study suggests that resection of the middle turbinate may allow for increased space for orbital fat herniation and lead to a decreased incidence of postoperative obstructive sinusitis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eugene L. Alford
- Houston Methodist Institute for Reconstructive SurgeryHoustonTexasUSA
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7
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Shah J, Ting J, Sindwani R. Endoscopic Orbital Decompression: Technical Pearls and Pitfalls of an Evolving Technique. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2020; 35:548-550. [PMID: 33050735 DOI: 10.1177/1945892420965479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First described in the early 1990s, endoscopic orbital decompression has become increasingly popular and has been shown to be a safe and effective approach for surgical decompression of the medial and inferior orbit. METHODS We present our preferred technique for performing an endoscopic orbital decompression, highlighting key pearls and pitfalls. RESULTS An endoscopic wide maxillary antrostomy and sphenoethmoidectomy is performed in standard fashion. We prefer to resect the middle turbinate for optimal exposure and access. The medial orbital wall is skeletonized and the lamina papyracea is carefully elevated, preserving the underlying periorbita. The orbital floor medial to the infraorbital nerve is resected. Once the periorbita is fully exposed, parallel axial incisions along the medial orbit and orbital floor are made from posterior to anterior using a sickle knife, taking care not to bury the tip to avoid injuring underlying orbital contents. The remaining fibrous bands are incised and prolapse of orbital fat is observed. Post extubation bag mask ventilation is limited to avoid subcutaneous emphysema. CONCLUSION Compared to open techniques, endoscopic orbital decompression provides superior visualization of critical anatomical landmarks, assures healthy sinus functioning post procedure, offers a lower complication rate, and avoids external incisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janki Shah
- Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jonathan Ting
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Raj Sindwani
- Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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8
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Tatehara S, Inokuchi G, Takeda H, Kuroki S, Fujio H, Azumi A, Nibu KI. Frontal sinusitis associated with orbital decompression for Graves' orbitopathy. Auris Nasus Larynx 2020; 47:1079-1082. [PMID: 32088015 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Orbital decompression (OD) for Graves' orbitopathy usually includes removal of orbital medial wall. While OD occasionally cause or worsen chronic sinusitis because of the obstructed sinus drainage by prolapsed orbital fat, to date few reports have been published on the management or prevention of sinusitis associated with OD. Here, we present two patients (three sides) with newly developed and one patient (one side) with worsening obstructive frontal sinusitis following OD. These three patients had OD including the removal of the superior attachment of uncinated process to lamina papyracea. Endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP) was useful to relieve symptoms and keep an enough access to frontal sinuses for all cases. We also performed EMLP for another two patients (four sides) with pre-existing sinusitis before OD. Worsening of sinusitis could be avoided by EMLP before OD. EMLP was useful approach for both treatment and prevention of sinusitis related to OD. The superior attachment site of uncinated process and the pattern of frontal sinus drainage might predict the occurrence of obstructive frontal sinusitis following OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Tatehara
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Go Inokuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Takeda
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kuroki
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hisami Fujio
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Atsushi Azumi
- Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nibu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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9
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Rimmer RA, Graf AE, Fastenberg JH, Bilyk J, Nyquist GG, Rosen MR, Rabinowitz MP, Rabinowitz MR. Management of Orbital Masses: Outcomes of Endoscopic and Combined Approaches With No Orbital Reconstruction. ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY 2020; 11:2152656719899922. [PMID: 31984165 PMCID: PMC6961138 DOI: 10.1177/2152656719899922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The endoscopic endonasal approach to management of orbital pathology has
expanded. Due to the rarity of these conditions, most reports in the
literature consist of small case reports. We report a series from a single
institution with a focus on outcomes. Methods A retrospective chart review was carried out between 2010 and 2018. Results Twenty-four patients were identified (average age 58 years, 15 males, 9
females). Average follow-up was 14.9 months. Most common etiologies included
cavernous hemangioma (7), metastases (6), idiopathic orbital inflammatory
syndrome (6), orbital hematoma/clot (2), and schwannoma (1). Most common
presenting symptoms were decreased visual acuity (8), proptosis (8),
diplopia (7), and incidental findings (2). All patients underwent endoscopic
medial wall orbital decompressions. Sixteen involved a combined open
approach by an ophthalmologist. Pathology was either biopsied (15), resected
(6), or could not be identified (3). No intraoperative complications were
noted. No patients underwent orbital reconstruction of the medial wall. Six
patients developed postoperative sinusitis successfully managed with
antibiotics. One patient developed epistaxis managed conservatively. In 5
patients, Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 scores increased immediately postop and
then decreased, whereas scores only decreased in 6 patients. Six patients
noted reduced proptosis. There were no new cases of diplopia or worsening
visual acuity. Conclusions A combined endoscopic endonasal and external approach can be useful for
managing orbital lesions. Patients tolerated the procedure well with
improvement in ocular symptoms and minimal sinonasal complications.
Reconstruction of the medial wall may not be warranted to prevent
postoperative diplopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Rimmer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander E Graf
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Judd H Fastenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jurij Bilyk
- Department of Oculoplastics and Orbital Surgery, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gurston G Nyquist
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marc R Rosen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael P Rabinowitz
- Department of Oculoplastics and Orbital Surgery, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mindy R Rabinowitz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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10
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Endoscopic Orbital Decompression for Thyroid Eye Disease. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-019-00233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Welkoborsky HJ, Graß SK, Küstermeyer J, Steinke KV. [Orbital decompression : Indications, technique, results]. HNO 2017; 65:1023-1038. [PMID: 29085976 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-017-0429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Orbital decompression is an effective surgical procedure to reduce intraorbital pressure. Causes may diseases leading to rapid pressure increases, e. g., bleedings, and those causing slower, progressive pressure increases, e. g., tumors or Graves' orbitopathy. During fat tissue decompression, peri- and retrobulbar adipose tissue is removed; in bony decompression, one or more bony orbital walls are removed (one-, two-, or three-wall decompression). In many cases the procedures are combined. Recent developments are the transconjunctival approaches for removing parts of bony orbital walls. Complications include double vision, which occurs in up to 30% of cases depending on the approach, hemorrhage, infections, development of chronic sinusitis, and iatrogenic skull base lesions with consecutive meningitis. In the hands of an experienced rhino- and head and neck surgeon, the intervention has low complication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-J Welkoborsky
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, region. Plast. Chirurgie, Klinikum Nordstadt der KRH, Hannover, Haltenhoffstr. 41, 30167, Hannover, Deutschland.
| | - S K Graß
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, region. Plast. Chirurgie, Klinikum Nordstadt der KRH, Hannover, Haltenhoffstr. 41, 30167, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - J Küstermeyer
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, region. Plast. Chirurgie, Klinikum Nordstadt der KRH, Hannover, Haltenhoffstr. 41, 30167, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - K V Steinke
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, region. Plast. Chirurgie, Klinikum Nordstadt der KRH, Hannover, Haltenhoffstr. 41, 30167, Hannover, Deutschland
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12
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Skull Base Trauma: Clinical Considerations in Evaluation and Diagnosis and Review of Management Techniques and Surgical Approaches. Semin Plast Surg 2017; 31:177-188. [PMID: 29075156 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1607275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic injuries to the skull base can involve critical neurovascular structures and present with symptoms and signs that must be recognized by physicians tasked with management of trauma patients. This article provides a review of skull base anatomy and outlines demographic features in skull base trauma. The manifestations of various skull base injuries, including CSF leaks, facial paralysis, anosmia, and cranial nerve injury, are discussed, as are appropriate diagnostic and radiographic testing in patients with such injuries. While conservative management is sometimes appropriate in skull base trauma, surgical access to the skull base for reconstruction of traumatic injuries may be required. A variety of specific surgical approaches to the anterior cranial fossa are discussed, including the classic anterior craniofacial approach as well as less invasive and newer endoscope-assisted approaches to the traumatized skull base.
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13
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Sellari-Franceschini S, Dallan I, Bajraktari A, Fiacchini G, Nardi M, Rocchi R, Marcocci C, Marinò M, Casani AP. Surgical complications in orbital decompression for Graves' orbitopathy. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA 2017; 36:265-274. [PMID: 27734978 PMCID: PMC5066461 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyse the complications of orbital decompression in Graves' orbitopathy. The clinical records of 946 patients who had been operated on with orbital decompression for Graves' orbitopathy were reviewed and the intra- and post-operative complications with minimum follow-up of six months were analysed. An extensive review of the literature was carried out to compare results. In the case-series reported here the most frequent complications were: wasting of the temporal region (100%) in patients operated on using a coronal approach; permanent hypoesthesia of V2 (13%) and V1 (8%) in patients operated on with an upper eyelid incision. In only one patient was a total monolateral lesion of V2 reported. The most severe complications consisted in reduction of visual acuity in 5 patients, and CSF leak with cerebral complications in 2 patients, who were operated on with a non-endoscopic endonasal approach. Three patients had intra-operative haemorrhages and 3 patients had post-operative haemorrhages requiring further surgical intervention. The incidence of symptomatic sinusitis/mucoceles was 0.75%. In conclusion, orbital decompression carried out with endoscopic endonasal technique and via transpalpebral accesses appears to be associated with a low incidence of complications. Knowledge of the causes of the possible complications in the different surgical approaches can definitely help to reduce their incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I Dallan
- First ENT Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bajraktari
- First ENT Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - G Fiacchini
- First ENT Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - M Nardi
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - R Rocchi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - C Marcocci
- Unit of Endocrinology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - M Marinò
- Unit of Endocrinology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - A P Casani
- First ENT Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy
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14
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Ference EH, Sindwani R, Tan BK, Chandra RK, Kern RC, Conley D, Smith SS. Open versus endoscopic medial orbital decompression: Utilization, cost, and operating room time. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2017; 30:360-6. [PMID: 27657902 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advent of endoscopic sinus surgery has created an exciting interface between rhinology and ophthalmology in the area of orbital and optic nerve decompression Objectives: (1) To study the utilization of open versus endoscopic medial orbital decompression based on geography and indication, (2) to describe the demographics of the patient populations who underwent these different techniques, and (3) to compare outcomes, including mean charges and operating room (OR) times Methods: Cases identified by Current Procedural and Terminology codes were extracted from the California, Florida, Maryland, and New York State Ambulatory Surgery Databases from 2009 to 2011. Patient demographics, diagnoses, mean charge, and OR time were compared. RESULTS A total of 1009 patients underwent orbital decompression; 93.0% of cases involved the medial wall only; 22.9% of medial decompressions were performed endoscopically, 74.5% were open, and 2.6% were via combined approach. Eighty percent of patients had thyroid eye disease. Analyses adjusted for sex, age, race, state, and diagnosis found that surgeries for infection (N = 47) were more likely to be performed endoscopically compared with procedures for other diagnoses (N = 962) (odds ratio 5.27 [2.67-10.40], p < 0.001). Patients in Florida were more likely to undergo endoscopic decompression compared with patients in California (odds ratio 2.35 [1.42-3.62]). The difference in median charge for endoscopic ($13,119) versus open ($11,291; p = 0.085) procedures was not significant on bivariate analysis but was significant on multivariate analysis (p = 0.04). The median OR time for open procedures was, on average, 33 minutes shorter (endoscopic, 132 minutes; open, 98 minutes; p ≤ 0.001) on bivariate analysis but was not significantly different when controlling for covariables (p = 0.08). CONCLUSION In the study sample, endoscopic orbital decompression was performed in 22.9% of patients, with significant variation in surgical technique based on geography and indication. Procedures that used endoscopic compared with open decompression techniques had no significant difference in charge on bivariate analysis. The OR time for open procedures was shorter on bivariate but not on multivariate analysis. Further research is required regarding the relative effectiveness of open versus endoscopic surgical techniques for various indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth H Ference
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Rootman DB. Orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 63:86-104. [PMID: 28343872 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The literature regarding orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease is vast, spanning multiple specialty areas including neurosurgery, head and neck, maxillofacial, and ophthalmic plastic surgery. Although techniques have advanced considerably over the more than 100 years during which this procedure has been performed, the 4 major approaches remain: transorbital, transcranial, transantral, and transnasal. The explosion in literature related to orbital decompression has mostly involved minor technical variations on broader surgical themes. The purpose of this review is to organize the major approaches in terms of bony anatomy and to contextualize variation in transdisciplinary techniques within a common conceptualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Rootman
- Division of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Doheny and Stein Eye Institutes, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Dziedzic TA, Anand VK, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal approach to the lateral orbital apex: case report. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2015; 16:305-8. [PMID: 26053671 DOI: 10.3171/2015.2.peds1575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although the medial and inferior orbital apex are considered safely accessible using the endonasal endoscopic approach, the lateral apex has been considered unsafe to access since the optic nerve lies between the surgeon and the pathology. The authors present the case of a 4-year-old girl with recurrent rhabdomyosarcoma attached to the lateral rectus muscle located lateral and inferior to the optic nerve in the orbital apex. The tumor was totally resected through an endoscopic endonasal transmaxillary transpterygoidal approach using a 45° endoscope. A gross-total resection was achieved, and the patient's vision was unchanged. This procedure is a safe, minimal-access alternative to open procedures in selected cases and provides evidence that increases the applicability of the endonasal endoscopic approach to reach the lateral compartment of the orbital apex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theodore H Schwartz
- Departments of 1 Neurosurgery.,Otolaryngology, and.,Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
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