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Gazia F, Callejo À, Pérez-Grau M, Lareo S, Prades J, Roca-Ribas F, Amilibia E. Pre- and intra-operative prognostic factors of facial nerve function in cerebellopontine angle surgery. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:1055-1062. [PMID: 35907000 PMCID: PMC9899719 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study assesses whether pre- and intraoperative factors linked to electromyography and direct electrical stimulation (DES) of facial nerve can predict facial nerve function in the short- (12 days) and long-term (1 year) after cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection. METHODS 157 patients who underwent surgical resection of CPA tumors with facial nerve monitoring. Pre-operative factors (age, tumor size, pure tone average), surgical time and intra-operative parameters regarding facial function, minimum stimulation threshold (MST), compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and the difference between proximal and distal CMAP (DPDC) were evaluated. RESULTS A correlation between tumor size, MST, CMAP and facial function in both short and long term was found. A higher grade of immediate facial paralysis corresponded to a higher risk of poor outcome after one year. A postoperative House-Brackmann (HB) score of V or VI was correlated with poor outcome in 88.8% and 93.8% of cases. A risk of HB 3 or more, in the long term, was correlated with a tumor size of 20.2 mm. Using an MST of 0.1 mA, for long-term predictions, sensitivity and specificity were 0.62 (95% CI 0.46-0.75) and 0.73 (95% CI 0.61-0.82), respectively. With a CMAP cut-off < 200 µV, for long-term prediction, sensitivity was 0.73 (95% CI 0.53-0.87) and specificity 0.73 (95% CI 0.55-0.85). CONCLUSION The assessment based on the cut-offs described increases the ability to predict facial function. Improving predictive accuracy enables surgeons to address patients' expectations and to establish an intervention timeline for planning facial reanimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gazia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carretera del Canyet, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Àngela Callejo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carretera del Canyet, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pérez-Grau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carretera del Canyet, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Lareo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carretera del Canyet, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Prades
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carretera del Canyet, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Roca-Ribas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carretera del Canyet, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Amilibia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Carretera del Canyet, Badalona, 08916, Barcelona, Spain.
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Fernández-Conejero I, Ulkatan S, Deletis V. Monitoring cerebellopontine angle and skull base surgeries. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 186:163-176. [PMID: 35772885 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819826-1.00016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) surgery represents a challenge for neurosurgeons due to the high risk of iatrogenic injury of vital neurological structures. Therefore, important efforts in improving the surgical techniques and intraoperative neurophysiology have been made in the last decades. We present a description and review of the available methodologies for intraoperative neuromonitoring and mapping during CPA surgeries. There are three main groups of techniques to assess the functional integrity of the nervous structures in danger during these surgical procedures: (1) Electrical identification or mapping of motor cranial nerves (CNs), which is essential in order to locate the nerve in their different parts during the tumor resection; (2) Monitoring, which provides real-time information about functional integrity of the nervous tissue; and (3) Brainstem reflexes including blink reflex, masseteric reflex, and laryngeal adductor reflex. All these methods facilitate the removal of lesions and contribute to notable improvement in functional outcome and permit on the investigation of their physiopathology in certain neurosurgically treated diseases. Such is the case of hemifacial spasm (HFS). We describe the methodology to evaluate the efficacy of microvascular decompression for HFS treatment at the end of this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fernández-Conejero
- Unit of Intraoperative Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, University hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sedat Ulkatan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vedran Deletis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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The utility of “low current” stimulation threshold of intraoperative electromyography monitoring in predicting facial nerve function outcome after vestibular schwannoma surgery: a prospective cohort study of 103 large tumors. J Neurooncol 2018; 138:383-390. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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