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Menz A, Lony N, Lennartz M, Dwertmann Rico S, Schlichter R, Kind S, Reiswich V, Viehweger F, Dum D, Luebke AM, Kluth M, Gorbokon N, Hube-Magg C, Bernreuther C, Simon R, Clauditz TS, Sauter G, Hinsch A, Jacobsen F, Marx AH, Steurer S, Minner S, Burandt E, Krech T, Lebok P, Weidemann S. Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) Expression in Human Tumors: A Comparison with Pan-Cytokeratin and TROP2 in 14,832 Tumors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1044. [PMID: 38786342 PMCID: PMC11120328 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14101044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
EpCAM is expressed in many epithelial tumors and is used for the distinction of malignant mesotheliomas from adenocarcinomas and as a surrogate pan-epithelial marker. A tissue microarray containing 14,832 samples from 120 different tumor categories was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. EpCAM staining was compared with TROP2 and CKpan. EpCAM staining was detectable in 99 tumor categories. Among 78 epithelial tumor types, the EpCAM positivity rate was ≥90% in 60 categories-including adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine neoplasms, and germ cell tumors. EpCAM staining was the lowest in hepatocellular carcinomas, adrenocortical tumors, renal cell neoplasms, and in poorly differentiated carcinomas. A comparison of EpCAM and CKpan staining identified a high concordance but EpCAM was higher in testicular seminomas and neuroendocrine neoplasms and CKpan in hepatocellular carcinomas, mesotheliomas, and poorly differentiated non-neuroendocrine tumors. A comparison of EpCAM and TROP2 revealed a higher rate of TROP2 positivity in squamous cell carcinomas and lower rates in many gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas, testicular germ cell tumors, neuroendocrine neoplasms, and renal cell tumors. These data confirm EpCAM as a surrogate epithelial marker for adenocarcinomas and its diagnostic utility for the distinction of malignant mesotheliomas. In comparison to CKpan and TROP2 antibodies, EpCAM staining is particularly common in seminomas and in neuroendocrine neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Nora Lony
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Sebastian Dwertmann Rico
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Ria Schlichter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Simon Kind
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Viktor Reiswich
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Andreas M. Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Natalia Gorbokon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Till S. Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Andreas H. Marx
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, 90766 Fuerth, Germany;
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
- Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, 49076 Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
- Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, 49076 Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (A.M.); (N.L.); (M.L.); (S.D.R.); (R.S.); (S.K.); (V.R.); (F.V.); (D.D.); (A.M.L.); (M.K.); (N.G.); (C.H.-M.); (C.B.); (T.S.C.); (G.S.); (A.H.); (F.J.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (E.B.); (T.K.); (P.L.); (S.W.)
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Itoh Y, Ono T. Proposal for personalized treatment of early glottic cancer with radiation therapy. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2021; 83:663-668. [PMID: 34916710 PMCID: PMC8648522 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.83.4.663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The preservation of both the organ and its function is important for the treatment of early stage glottic cancer, and radiation therapy is an important and useful option. However, treatment with radiation therapy alone is insufficient. Therefore, to improve the local control rate even for early stage glottic cancer, attempts have been made to individualize treatment with radiation therapy (±chemotherapy) based on T stage and morphological characteristics. This individualized treatment greatly improved the local control rate for early glottic cancer. In the future, more suitable individualization can be achieved by investigating the radiosensitivity of biomarkers using biopsy materials before radiation therapy, in addition to T stage and morphological characteristics. Currently, many biomarkers are being investigated; however, appropriate biomarkers for predicting local control remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Itoh
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tamami Ono
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Mal A, Bukhari AB, Singh RK, Kapoor A, Barai A, Deshpande I, Wadasadawala T, Ray P, Sen S, De A. EpCAM-Mediated Cellular Plasticity Promotes Radiation Resistance and Metastasis in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:597673. [PMID: 33490064 PMCID: PMC7815650 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.597673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial number of breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT) develop local recurrence over time. During RT therapy, cells can gradually acquire resistance implying adaptive radioresistance. Here we probe the mechanisms underlying this acquired resistance by first establishing radioresistant lines using ZR-75-1 and MCF-7 BC cells through repeated exposure to sub-lethal fractionated dose of 2Gy up to 15 fractions. Radioresistance was found to be associated with increased cancer stem cells (CSCs), and elevated EpCAM expression in the cell population. A retrospective analysis of TCGA dataset indicated positive correlation of high EpCAM expression with poor response to RT. Intriguingly, elevated EpCAM expression in the radioresistant CSCs raise the bigger question of how this biomarker expression contributes during radiation treatment in BC. Thereafter, we establish EpCAM overexpressing ZR-75-1 cells (ZR-75-1EpCAM), which conferred radioresistance, increased stemness through enhanced AKT activation and induced a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype with enhanced contractility and invasiveness. In line with these observations, orthotopic implantation of ZR-75-1EpCAM cells exhibited faster growth, lesser sensitivity to radiation therapy and increased lung metastasis than baseline ZR-75-1 cells in mice. In summary, this study shows that similar to radioresistant BC cells, EpCAM overexpressing cells show high degree of plasticity and heterogeneity which ultimately induces radioresistant and metastatic behavior of cancer cells, thus aggravating the disease condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Mal
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India.,Life Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Amirali B Bukhari
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ram K Singh
- Imaging Cell Signaling & Therapeutics Lab, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Aastha Kapoor
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Amlan Barai
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Ishan Deshpande
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | | | - Pritha Ray
- Life Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.,Imaging Cell Signaling & Therapeutics Lab, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Shamik Sen
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Abhijit De
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India.,Life Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Murakami N, Mori T, Machida R, Kodaira T, Ito Y, Shikama N, Konishi K, Matsumoto Y, Murakami Y, Nakamura N, Yamashita H, Yorozu A, Yoshimura M, Inoue K, Nozaki M, Ishikura S, Itami J, Nishimura Y, Kagami Y. Prognostic Value of Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecules in T1-2N0M0 Glottic Cancer. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:1522-1527. [PMID: 33369763 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This is an ancillary study of a multi-institutional randomized non-inferiority phase III trial of accelerated fractionation (AF) versus standard fractionation (SF) radiation therapy for T1-2N0M0 glottic cancer (JCOG0701). Biopsy specimens of tumors from the patients enrolled in the JCOG0701 are collected and the association between clinical outcomes and histopathologic features such as expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), p53, and p16 were investigated. METHODS Five slices of undyed slides from biopsy specimens were sent to the National Cancer Center Hospital and all the specimens were assessed for the expression of EpCAM, p53, and p16. The primary objective was to investigate the association between 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and expression of EpCAM, p53, and p16. RESULTS A total of 88 out of 370 patients were enrolled in this ancillary study. The 3-year PFS for tumors with strong expression of EpCAM was 70.6% (95% CI 43.1%-86.6%), while that of tumors without strong expression of EpCAM was 77.5% (95% CI 65.9%-85.5%) with no remarkable difference between groups (P = .67). Likewise, there was no significant difference in 3-year PFS between tumors regardless of p53 or p16 status. However, in a subgroup analysis for 17 patients with a strong expression of EpCAM, AF showed better 3-year PFS than SF (100% vs 54.5%, P = .07). CONCLUSIONS From the current study, it could not be concluded that EpCAM, p16, and p53 were prognostic factors for early-stage glottic cancer after primary radiation therapy. AF might be an appropriate fractionation for tumors with a strong expression of EpCAM. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 131:1522-1527, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Murakami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Machida
- Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kodaira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Shikama
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Konishi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuo Matsumoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuji Murakami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakamura
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Particle Therapy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | | | - Atsunori Yorozu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Yoshimura
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Inoue
- Division of Radiation Therapy, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Miwako Nozaki
- Department of Radiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishikura
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Itami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Nishimura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kagami
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Noordhuis MG, Kop EA, van der Vegt B, Langendijk JA, van der Laan BFAM, Schuuring E, de Bock GH. Biological tumor markers associated with local control after primary radiotherapy in laryngeal cancer: A systematic review. Clin Otolaryngol 2020; 45:486-494. [PMID: 32246586 PMCID: PMC7318351 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The choice of treatment in laryngeal cancer is mainly based on tumor stage, post-treatment morbidity and quality of life. Biological tumor markers might also be of potential clinical relevance. OBJECTIVE OF THE REVIEW The aim was to systematically review the value of published biological tumor markers to predict local control in laryngeal cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy. TYPE OF REVIEW Systematic review. SEARCH STRATEGY PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library. EVALUATION METHOD A literature search was performed using multiple terms for laryngeal cancer, radiotherapy, biological markers, detection methods and local control or survival. Studies regarding the relation between biological tumor markers and local control or survival in laryngeal cancer patients primarily treated with radiotherapy were included. Markers were clustered on biological function. Quality of all studies was assessed. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment was performed by two independent reviewers. RESULTS A total of 52 studies out of 618 manuscripts, concerning 118 markers, were included. EGFR and P53 showed consistent evidence for not being predictive of local control after primary radiotherapy, whereas proliferation markers (ie high Ki-67 expression) showed some, but no consistent, evidence for being predictive of better local control. Other clusters of markers (markers involved in angiogenesis and hypoxia, apoptosis markers, cell cycle, COX-2 and DNA characteristics) showed no consistent evidence towards being predictors of local control after primary radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Cell proliferation could be of potential interest for predicting local control after primary radiotherapy in laryngeal cancer patients, whereas EGFR and p53 are not predictive in contrast to some previous analyses. Large diversity in research methods is found between studies, which results in contradictory outcomes. Future studies need to be more standardised and well described according to the REMARK criteria in order to have better insight into which biomarkers can be used as predictors of local control after primary radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maartje G. Noordhuis
- Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Emiel A. Kop
- Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Bert van der Vegt
- Dept. of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Johannes A. Langendijk
- Dept. of Radiation OncologyUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Bernard F. A. M. van der Laan
- Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ed Schuuring
- Dept. of Pathology and Medical BiologyUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Geertruida H. de Bock
- Dept. of Epidemiology and StatisticsUniversity Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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Murakami N, Mori T, Kubo Y, Yoshimoto S, Ito K, Honma Y, Ueno T, Kobayashi K, Okamoto H, Boku N, Takahashi K, Inaba K, Okuma K, Igaki H, Nakayama Y, Itami J. Prognostic impact of immunohistopathologic features in definitive radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal cancer patients. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2020; 61:161-168. [PMID: 31822892 PMCID: PMC6976734 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrz071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study by Murakami N, Mori T, Nakamura S, Yoshimoto S, Honma Y, Ueno T, Kobayashi K, Kashihara T, Takahashi K, Inaba K, Okuma K, Igaki H, Nakayama Y, Itami J. (J Radiat Res. 2019 Jul 30. pii: rrz053. doi: 10.1093/jrr/rrz053. [Epub ahead of print]) showed that strong expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was associated with radiation resistance in head and neck squamous cell cancer patients (SCC). In this study, the prognostic impact of histopathologic features including EpCAM for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients was investigated. Since 2009, our institution has performed chemoradiation for locally advanced NPC patients with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Tri-weekly adjuvant cisplatin (CDDP, 80 mg/m2) was administered concurrently with definitive radiation therapy 70 Gy in 35 fractions. One month after radiation therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy of three cycles of CDDP/5 fluorouracil (5-FU) was administered. Using a pretreatment biopsy specimen, EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH), EpCAM, p16 and p53 were assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. Between May 2009 and September 2017, 51 NPC patients received definitive radiation therapy. Five, 13, 17 and 16 patients were staged as I, II, III and IV, respectively. The median follow-up period for alive patients was 31.1 months (12.4-109.7 months). Three-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and locoregional control (LRC) were 87.1, 57.1 and 85.7%, respectively. EpCAM, p16 and p53 were not associated with PFS, OS nor LRC. Three-year PFS for patients with keratinizing and non-keratinizing SCC were 25 and 60.5%, respectively (P = 0.033, hazard ratio 4.851 (95% confidence interval 1.321-17.814)).Prognosis of NPC patients with keratinizing SCC was worse than non-keratinizing SCC patients, suggesting a biological difference between the two types of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Murakami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuko Kubo
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshimoto
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Kimiteru Ito
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honma
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Head and Neck Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Takao Ueno
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Kenya Kobayashi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Narikazu Boku
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Head and Neck Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Kana Takahashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Koji Inaba
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Kae Okuma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Igaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakayama
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
| | - Jun Itami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan
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7
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Murakami N, Mori T, Nakamura S, Yoshimoto S, Honma Y, Ueno T, Kobayashi K, Kashihara T, Takahashi K, Inaba K, Okuma K, Igaki H, Nakayama Y, Itami J. Prognostic value of the expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecules in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by definitive radiotherapy. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2019; 60:803-811. [PMID: 31361893 PMCID: PMC6873617 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A reliable biomarker can contribute to appropriate treatment selection in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Recently, epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was shown to have prognostic features in several malignancies. However, it remains to be elucidated whether EpCAM predicts prognosis of HNSCC after radiotherapy. Therefore, the prognostic potential of EpCAM in HNSCC patients treated by radiotherapy was investigated in this study. All HNSCCs patients examined between January 2013 and December 2015 were analyzed for the expression of EpCAM. One hundred HNSCC patients were identified who were treated by primary radiotherapy. Intense expression of EpCAM was found in 29 HNSCC patients. Two-year overall survival (OS) for patients with intense EpCAM expression was 62.2%, whereas it was 87.9% for those without (P = 0.011). In multivariate analysis, intense EpCAM expression was found to be an independent prognostic factors for OS (P = 0.036). Overall, EpCAM was found to be an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Murakami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yoshimoto
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honma
- Head and Neck Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Ueno
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenya Kobayashi
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tairo Kashihara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kana Takahashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Inaba
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kae Okuma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Igaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakayama
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Itami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Huang C, Li Y, Zhao W, Zhang A, Lu C, Wang Z, Liu L. α2δ1 may be a potential marker for cancer stem cell in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:97-107. [PMID: 30475757 PMCID: PMC6398553 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the ability to dictate tumor initiation, recurrence, and metastasis. Here, we examined the expression of aα2δ1+ in laryngeal cancer tissues and further determined the effect of α2δ1 on the migratory ability and tumorigenicity of laryngeal cancer cells. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that α2δ1 was positive in 13 (13/16, 81.25%) cases in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues, 7 (7/16, 43.75%) cases in paracancerous tissues and only 2 (2/16, 12.5%) cases in normal tumor tissues. Our quantitative RT-PCR assays further showed that α2δ1+ LSCC cells expressed significantly higher levels of stem cell-associated genes and drug efflux and resistance genes versusα2δ1- cells. Sphere-forming assays demonstrated higher sphere-forming efficiency in the α2δ1+versusα2δ1- subpopulation. Our Matrigel assays showed that α2δ1+ cells exhibited significantly greater invasive and migratory ability than α2δ1- cells. Furthermore, the percentage of purified α2δ1+ in TU686 and TU212 cells treated cisplatin or paclitaxel was significantly higher than that of the control group. Tumor xenograft assays revealed that the tumorigenicity of α2δ1+ cells was much higher than α2δ1- cells. In conclusion, a α2δ1+ subpopulation with CSC-like property was present in laryngeal cancer and possessed high self-renewal activity and was sufficient for tumor growth, differentiation, migration, invasion, and chemotherapeutic resistance. They could represent a promising therapeutic target for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoping Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China.,Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.,Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Aobo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhenxiao Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liangfa Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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9
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Budach V, Tinhofer I. Novel prognostic clinical factors and biomarkers for outcome prediction in head and neck cancer: a systematic review. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:e313-e326. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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10
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Kimura K, Itoh Y, Okada T, Kubota S, Kawamura M, Nakahara R, Oie Y, Kozai Y, Takase Y, Tsuzuki H, Nishio N, Hiramatsu M, Fujimoto Y, Mizutani T, Naganawa S. Optimized treatment strategy of radiotherapy for early glottic squamous cell carcinomas: An initial analysis. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2018; 79:331-338. [PMID: 28878438 PMCID: PMC5577019 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.79.3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of radiotherapy for patients with T1/T2 glottic carcinoma. Patients with T1/T2 glottic carcinoma histopathologically diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma and treated at our hospital between 2007 and 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Our strategy for T1/T2 glottic carcinoma was as follows: radiotherapy alone with 2.25 Gy per fraction to a total of 25–28 fractions for patients with non-bulky T1 glottic carcinoma; concurrent chemoradiotherapy with oral S-1 and radiotherapy with 2 Gy per fraction to a total of 30 fractions for patients with T1 bulky/T2 favorable glottic carcinoma; or chemoradiotherapy with high-dose cisplatin and radiotherapy with 2 Gy per fraction to a total of 35 fractions for T2 unfavorable glottic carcinoma. Forty-eight patients were eligible. The median follow-up period among surviving patients was 38 months (range, 11–107). The disease was T1a in 23%, T1b in 13%, and T2 in 65% of patients. The 3-year local control rate in all patients, T1a, T1b, and T2 was 96.7%, 100%, 100%, and 96.0%, respectively. Of the 46 patients, one with T2 glottic carcinoma developed recurrent disease at the primary site, and one with T2 glottic carcinoma had lymph node recurrences in the neck. Acute Grade 3 dermatitis occurred in 8 (17%) patients and late Grade 2 hypothyroidism occurred in 2 (4%) patients. This retrospective study shows that our optimized treatment strategy of radiotherapy depending on the stage of early glottic carcinoma is not only effective but also well-tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Kimura
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Itoh
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tohru Okada
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seiji Kubota
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mariko Kawamura
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rie Nakahara
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumi Oie
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Kozai
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuuki Takase
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tsuzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Nishio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mariko Hiramatsu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasushi Fujimoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takefumi Mizutani
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Chemotherapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Naganawa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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11
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Ni J, Cozzi P, Beretov J, Duan W, Bucci J, Graham P, Li Y. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is involved in prostate cancer chemotherapy/radiotherapy response in vivo. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1092. [PMID: 30419852 PMCID: PMC6233586 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Development of chemo−/radioresistance is a major challenge for the current prostate cancer (CaP) therapy. We have previously demonstrated that epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is associated with CaP growth and therapeutic resistance in vitro, however, the role of EpCAM in CaP in vivo is not fully elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate how expression of EpCAM is involved in CaP growth and chemo−/radiotherapy response in NOD/SCID mouse models in vivo and to validate its role as a therapeutic target for CaP therapy. Methods EpCAM was knocked down in PC-3 CaP cell line using short hairpin RNA (shRNA). The effect of EpCAM-knockdown (KD) on tumour growth, chemo−/radiotherapy response and animal survival was evaluated on subcutaneous (s.c) and orthotopic mouse models. Results We found that KD of EpCAM significantly inhibited tumour growth, increased xenograft sensitivity to chemotherapy/radiotherapy, and prolonged the survival of tumour-bearing mice. In addition, we demonstrated that KD of EpCAM is associated with downregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Conclusions In conclusion, our data confirms that CaP growth and chemo−/radioresistance in vivo is associated with over-expression of EpCAM, which serves both a functional biomarker and promising therapeutic target. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-5010-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ni
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Level 2, 4-10 South St, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Paul Cozzi
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Julia Beretov
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Level 2, 4-10 South St, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, St George Hospital, Gray St, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Joseph Bucci
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Level 2, 4-10 South St, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Peter Graham
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Level 2, 4-10 South St, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Yong Li
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Level 2, 4-10 South St, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia. .,St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia. .,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China.
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12
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Zhong JT, Zhou SH. Warburg effect, hexokinase-II, and radioresistance of laryngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14133-14146. [PMID: 27823965 PMCID: PMC5355168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is now widely used as a part of multidisciplinary treatment approaches for advanced laryngeal carcinoma and preservation of laryngeal function. However, the mechanism of the radioresistance is still unclear. Some studies have revealed that the Warburg effect promotes the radioresistance of various malignant tumors, including laryngeal carcinoma. Among the regulators involved in the Warburg effect, hexokinase-II (HK-II) is a crucial glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the first essential step of glucose metabolism. HK-II is reportedly highly expressed in some human solid carcinomas by many studies. But for laryngeal carcinoma, there is only one. Till now, no studies have directly targeted inhibited HK-II and enhanced the radiosensitivity of laryngeal carcinoma. Accumulating evidence has shown that dysregulated signaling pathways often result in HK-II overexpression. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the association among the Warburg effect, HK-II, and the radioresistance of laryngeal carcinoma. We speculate on the feasibility of enhancing radiosensitivity by targeted inhibiting HK-II signaling pathways in laryngeal carcinoma, which may provide a novel anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Tao Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Thamm DH, Hayes DF, Meuten T, Laver T, Thomas DG. Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression in Canine Tumours. J Comp Pathol 2016; 155:299-304. [PMID: 27567927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is expressed in most human normal and neoplastic tissues of epithelial derivation and may have an association with tumour cell aggressiveness, a stem cell-like phenotype and clinical outcome. Antibody-based strategies for the targeting and capture of EpCAM-expressing tumour cells are showing promise, both as diagnostic tools and potential therapies. The aim of this study was to assess EpCAM expression in canine tumours. EpCAM expression was assessed in tumour cell lines via gene expression profiling and in formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded tissues from canine carcinomas representing various anatomical sites by immunohistochemistry. EpCAM mRNA expression was higher in cell lines from carcinomas than those derived from sarcomas or haemopoietic tumours. EpCAM was expressed by >2/3 of tumour cells in 71% of canine carcinomas evaluated, irrespective of histotype, with the exception of carcinomas of the adrenal gland. Canine sarcomas and haemopoietic tumours were uniformly negative. Most canine carcinomas express EpCAM and so could be suitable for the study of EpCAM-directed diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1665 N. Ursula St., Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - D F Hayes
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive SPC 5942, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - T Meuten
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - T Laver
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - D G Thomas
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive SPC 5942, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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14
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Murakami N, Kühnel A, Schmid TE, Ilicic K, Stangl S, Braun IS, Gehrmann M, Molls M, Itami J, Multhoff G. Role of membrane Hsp70 in radiation sensitivity of tumor cells. Radiat Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26197988 PMCID: PMC4511458 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-015-0461-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major stress-inducible heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is frequently overexpressed in the cytosol and integrated in the plasma membrane of tumor cells via lipid anchorage. Following stress such as non-lethal irradiation Hsp70 synthesis is up-regulated. Intracellular located Hsp70 is known to exert cytoprotective properties, however, less is known about membrane (m)Hsp70. Herein, we investigate the role of mHsp70 in the sensitivity towards irradiation in tumor sublines that differ in their cytosolic and/or mHsp70 levels. METHODS The isogenic human colon carcinoma sublines CX(+) with stable high and CX(-) with stable low expression of mHsp70 were generated by fluorescence activated cell sorting, the mouse mammary carcinoma sublines 4 T1 (4 T1 ctrl) and Hsp70 knock-down (4 T1 Hsp70 KD) were produced using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, and the Hsp70 down-regulation in human lung carcinoma sublines H1339 ctrl/H1339 HSF-1 KD and EPLC-272H ctrl/EPLC-272H HSF-1 KD was achieved by small interfering (si)RNA against Heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1). Cytosolic and mHsp70 was quantified by Western blot analysis/ELISA and flow cytometry; double strand breaks (DSBs) and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry using antibodies against γH2AX and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) using primers and antibodies directed against apoptosis related genes; and radiation sensitivity was determined using clonogenic cell surviving assays. RESULTS CX(+)/CX(-) tumor cells exhibited similar cytosolic but differed significantly in their mHsp70 levels, 4 T1 ctrl/4 T1 Hsp70 KD cells showed significant differences in their cytosolic and mHsp70 levels and H1339 ctrl/H1339 HSF-1 KD and EPLC-272H ctrl/EPLC-272H HSF-1 KD lung carcinoma cell sublines had similar mHsp70 but significantly different cytosolic Hsp70 levels. γH2AX was significantly up-regulated in irradiated CX(-) and 4 T1 Hsp70 KD with low basal mHsp70 levels, but not in their mHsp70 high expressing counterparts, irrespectively of their cytosolic Hsp70 content. After irradiation γH2AX, Caspase 3/7 and Annexin V were up-regulated in the lung carcinoma sublines, but no significant differences were observed in H1339 ctrl/H1339 HSF-1 KD, and EPLC-272H ctrl/EPLC-272H HSF-1 KD that exhibit identical mHsp70 but different cytosolic Hsp70 levels. Clonogenic cell survival was significantly lower in CX(-) and 4 T1 Hsp70 KD cells with low mHsp70 expression, than in CX+ and 4 T1 ctrl cells, whereas no difference in clonogenic cell survival was observed in H1339 ctrl/H1339 HSF-1 KD and EPLC-272H ctrl/ EPLC-272H HSF-1 KD sublines with identical mHsp70 but different cytosolic Hsp70 levels. CONCLUSION In summary, our results indicate that mHsp70 has an impact on radiation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Murakami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Annett Kühnel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas E Schmid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katarina Ilicic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabella S Braun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Gehrmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Molls
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jun Itami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. .,Clinical Cooperation Group - Innate Immunity in Tumor Biology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
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15
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Schneider S, Thurnher D, Seemann R, Brunner M, Kadletz L, Ghanim B, Aumayr K, Heiduschka G, Lill C. The prognostic significance of β-catenin, cyclin D1 and PIN1 in minor salivary gland carcinoma: β-catenin predicts overall survival. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 273:1283-92. [PMID: 25801951 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Minor salivary gland carcinoma is a rare and heterogeneous type of cancer. Molecular prognostic and predictive markers are sparse. The aim of this study was to identify new prognostic and predictive markers in minor salivary gland carcinoma. 50 tissue samples of carcinomas of the minor salivary glands (adenoid cystic carcinoma n = 23, mucoepidermoid carcinoma n = 12, adenocarcinoma n = 10, carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma n = 2, salivary duct carcinoma n = 1, clear cell carcinoma n = 1, basal cell carcinoma n = 1) were immunohistochemically stained for β-catenin, cyclin D1 and PIN1. Expression patterns were analyzed and correlated to clinical outcome of 37 patients with complete clinical data. High expression of membranous β-catenin was linked to significantly better overall survival in patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (log rank test, χ (2) = 13.3, p = .00397, Bonferroni corrected p = .024). PIN1 and cyclin D1 did not show any significant correlation to patients' clinical outcome. Expression of β-catenin in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the minor salivary glands significantly correlates with better overall survival. Hence, evaluation of β-catenin might serve as a clinical prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Schneider
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Thurnher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rudolf Seemann
- Department of Cranio-, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Brunner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz Kadletz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bahil Ghanim
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Aumayr
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Heiduschka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Claudia Lill
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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