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Physical Approaches to Prevent and Treat Bacterial Biofilm. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010054. [PMID: 36671255 PMCID: PMC9854850 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) presents several clinical challenges. This is in large part due to the formation of biofilm which can make infection eradication exceedingly difficult. Following an extensive literature search, this review surveys a variety of non-pharmacological methods of preventing and/or treating biofilm within the body and how they could be utilized in the treatment of PJI. Special attention has been paid to physical strategies such as heat, light, sound, and electromagnetic energy, and their uses in biofilm treatment. Though these methods are still under study, they offer a potential means to reduce the morbidity and financial burden related to multiple stage revisions and prolonged systemic antibiotic courses that make up the current gold standard in PJI treatment. Given that these options are still in the early stages of development and offer their own strengths and weaknesses, this review offers an assessment of each method, the progress made on each, and allows for comparison of methods with discussion of future challenges to their implementation in a clinical setting.
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Zeru MA, Tesfa E, Mitiku AA, Seyoum A, Bokoro TA. Prevalence and risk factors of type-2 diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21733. [PMID: 34741064 PMCID: PMC8571297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01256-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a public health problem in developing as well as developed nations. DM leads to many complications that are associated with higher morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the current study was planned to assess the prevalence and risk factors of type-2 DM in Ethiopian population. Six electronic databases such as: PubMed, Scopus, Hinari, Web of science, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online were searched for studies published in English up December 30, 2020. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment of the included studies. The data was extracted by Microsoft excel and analyzed through Stata version 16 software. The random effect meta-regression analysis was computed at 95% CI to assess the pooled prevalence and risk factors of type-2 DM. Forty observational studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of DM in Ethiopia was 6.5% (95% CI (5.8, 7.3)). The sub-group analysis revealed that the highest prevalence of DM was found in Dire Dawa city administration (14%), and the lowest prevalence was observed in Tigray region (2%). The pooled prevalence of DM was higher (8%) in studies conducted in health facility. Factors like: Age ≥ 40 years ((Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.91 (95% CI: 1.05, 3.49)), Illiterate (AOR: 2.74 (95% CI: 1.18, 6.34)), Cigarette smoking (AOR: 1.97 (95% CI: 1.17, 3.32)), Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (AOR: 2.01 (95 CI: 1.46, 2.27)), family history of DM (AOR: 6.14 (95% CI: 2.80, 13.46)), history of hypertension (AOR: 3.00 (95% CI: 1.13, 7.95)) and physical inactivity (AOR: 5.79 (95% CI: 2.12, 15.77)) were significantly associated with type-2 DM in Ethiopian population. In this review, the prevalence of type-2 DM was high. Factors like: Older age, illiteracy, cigarette smoking, MBI ≥ 25, family history of DM, history of hypertension and physical inactivity were an identified risk factors of type-2 DM. Therefore, health education and promotion will be warranted. Further, large scale prospective studies will be recommended to address possible risk factors of type-2 DM in Ethiopian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melkamu A. Zeru
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Statistics, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Endalamaw Tesfa
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Aweke A. Mitiku
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Statistics, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia ,grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, College of Agriculture Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Awoke Seyoum
- grid.442845.b0000 0004 0439 5951Department of Statistics, College of Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Abera Bokoro
- grid.192267.90000 0001 0108 7468Department of Statistics, College Computing and Informatics, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
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Tsikopoulos A, Petinaki E, Festas C, Tsikopoulos K, Meroni G, Drago L, Skoulakis C. In vitro Inhibition of Biofilm Formation on Silicon Rubber Voice Prosthesis: Α Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2021; 84:10-29. [PMID: 34182551 DOI: 10.1159/000516345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biofilm formation on voice prostheses is the primary reason for their premature implant dysfunction. Multiple strategies have been proposed over the last decades to achieve inhibition of biofilm formation on these devices. The purpose of this study was to assess the results of the available in vitro biofilm inhibition modalities on silicone rubber voice prostheses. METHODS We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases up to February 29, 2020. A total of 33 in vitro laboratory studies investigating the efficacy of different coating methods against Candida, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Lactobacilli, and Rothia biofilm growth on silicone rubber medical devices were included. Subgroup analysis linked to the type of prevention modality was carried out, and quality assessment was performed with the use of the modified CONSORT tool. RESULTS Data from 33 studies were included in qualitative analysis, of which 12 qualified for quantitative analysis. For yeast biofilm formation assessment, there was a statistically significant difference in favor of the intervention group (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] [-1.73, -0.66]; p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis showed that combined methods (active and passive surface modification) are the most effective for biofilm inhibition in yeast (SMD = -2.53; 95% CI [-4.02, -1.03]; p = 0.00001). No statistically significant differences between intervention and control groups were shown for bacterial biofilm inhibition (SMD = -0.09; 95% CI [-0.68, 0.46]; p = 0.65), and the results from the subgroup analysis found no notable differences between the surface modification methods. After analyzing data on polymicrobial biofilms, a statistically significant difference in favor of prevention methods in comparison with the control group was detected (SMD = -2.59; 95% CI [-7.48, 2.31]; p = 0.30). CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis on biofilm inhibition demonstrated significant differences in favor of yeast biofilm inhibition compared to bacteria. A stronger inhibition with the application of passive or combined active and passive surface modification techniques was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexios Tsikopoulos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efi Petinaki
- Department of Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Charalampos Festas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 401 Army General Training Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Gabriele Meroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Drago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Charalampos Skoulakis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Tawfik GM, Dila KAS, Mohamed MYF, Tam DNH, Kien ND, Ahmed AM, Huy NT. A step by step guide for conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis with simulation data. Trop Med Health 2019; 47:46. [PMID: 31388330 PMCID: PMC6670166 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-019-0165-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The massive abundance of studies relating to tropical medicine and health has increased strikingly over the last few decades. In the field of tropical medicine and health, a well-conducted systematic review and meta-analysis (SR/MA) is considered a feasible solution for keeping clinicians abreast of current evidence-based medicine. Understanding of SR/MA steps is of paramount importance for its conduction. It is not easy to be done as there are obstacles that could face the researcher. To solve those hindrances, this methodology study aimed to provide a step-by-step approach mainly for beginners and junior researchers, in the field of tropical medicine and other health care fields, on how to properly conduct a SR/MA, in which all the steps here depicts our experience and expertise combined with the already well-known and accepted international guidance. We suggest that all steps of SR/MA should be done independently by 2–3 reviewers’ discussion, to ensure data quality and accuracy. Conclusion SR/MA steps include the development of research question, forming criteria, search strategy, searching databases, protocol registration, title, abstract, full-text screening, manual searching, extracting data, quality assessment, data checking, statistical analysis, double data checking, and manuscript writing. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s41182-019-0165-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehad Mohamed Tawfik
- 1Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Online research Club, http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/
| | - Kadek Agus Surya Dila
- Online research Club, http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/.,Pratama Giri Emas Hospital, Singaraja-Amlapura street, Giri Emas village, Sawan subdistrict, Singaraja City, Buleleng, Bali 81171 Indonesia
| | | | - Dao Ngoc Hien Tam
- Online research Club, http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/.,Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Joint Stock Company, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dang Kien
- Online research Club, http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/.,6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, Vietnam
| | - Ali Mahmoud Ahmed
- Online research Club, http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/.,7Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- 8Evidence Based Medicine Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000 Vietnam.,9Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000 Vietnam.,10Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Leading Graduate School Program, and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
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Leonhard M, Zatorska B, Tan Y, Moser D, Schneider-Stickler B. In vitro biofilm growth on modern voice prostheses. Head Neck 2017; 40:763-769. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.25053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Leonhard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Beata Zatorska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Yulong Tan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Doris Moser
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
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