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Fuentes-López E, Fuente A, Luna-Monsalve M, Guajardo-Vergara C. Attitudes to noise in young adults and associated factors: adaptation of the youth attitude to noise scale into Spanish using item response theory analysis. Int J Audiol 2023; 62:859-867. [PMID: 35767265 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2089925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the attitudes to noise in young adults and the possible effects of gender, age, and a positive history of auditory symptoms related to recreational noise exposure on the attitudes to noise in this population. DESIGN The Youth Attitude to Noise (YANS) and the hearing symptom description (HSD) scales were adapted into Spanish to be used with young adults. The validity was determined using factor analyses and Item Response Theory (IRT) models. Linear regression models were used to determine whether the YANS scores were associated with gender, age, and auditory symptoms. STUDY SAMPLE Both instruments were given to a sample of 728 Chilean young adults. Data obtained from this sample was used to determine the YANS and HSD scales' validity and to assess the effects of gender, age, and auditory symptoms on attitudes. RESULTS Our results showed that the YANS and HSD scales had adequate validity and reliability. Differences in the items' capacity to discriminate attitudes to noise were noted using the IRT model. Auditory symptoms were significantly associated with the YANS scores. CONCLUSIONS The attitudes to noise in Chilean young adults are influenced by self-perception of auditory symptoms, age, and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes-López
- Carrera de Fonoaudiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adrian Fuente
- École d'orthophonie et d'audiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Manuel Luna-Monsalve
- Escuela de Fonoaudiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
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Reavis KM, Bisgaard N, Canlon B, Dubno JR, Frisina RD, Hertzano R, Humes LE, Mick P, Phillips NA, Pichora-Fuller MK, Shuster B, Singh G. Sex-Linked Biology and Gender-Related Research Is Essential to Advancing Hearing Health. Ear Hear 2023; 44:10-27. [PMID: 36384870 PMCID: PMC10234332 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There is robust evidence that sex (biological) and gender (behavioral/social) differences influence hearing loss risk and outcomes. These differences are noted for animals and humans-in the occurrence of hearing loss, hearing loss progression, and response to interventions. Nevertheless, many studies have not reported or disaggregated data by sex or gender. This article describes the influence of sex-linked biology (specifically sex-linked hormones) and gender on hearing and hearing interventions, including the role of sex-linked biology and gender in modifying the association between risk factors and hearing loss, and the effects of hearing loss on quality of life and functioning. Most prevalence studies indicate that hearing loss begins earlier and is more common and severe among men than women. Intrinsic sex-linked biological differences in the auditory system may account, in part, for the predominance of hearing loss in males. Sex- and gender-related differences in the effects of noise exposure or cardiovascular disease on the auditory system may help explain some of these differences in the prevalence of hearing loss. Further still, differences in hearing aid use and uptake, and the effects of hearing loss on health may also vary by sex and gender. Recognizing that sex-linked biology and gender are key determinants of hearing health, the present review concludes by emphasizing the importance of a well-developed research platform that proactively measures and assesses sex- and gender-related differences in hearing, including in understudied populations. Such research focus is necessary to advance the field of hearing science and benefit all members of society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Reavis
- VA RR&D National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Barbara Canlon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Judy R Dubno
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Robert D Frisina
- Department of Medical Engineering and Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Institute for Genome Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Larry E Humes
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Paul Mick
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Natalie A Phillips
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Benjamin Shuster
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Grinn SK, Le Prell CG. Evaluation of hidden hearing loss in normal-hearing firearm users. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1005148. [PMID: 36389238 PMCID: PMC9644938 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1005148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Some noise exposures resulting in temporary threshold shift (TTS) result in cochlear synaptopathy. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate a human population that might be at risk for noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy (i.e., "hidden hearing loss"). Participants were firearm users who were (1) at-risk for prior audiometric noise-induced threshold shifts, given their history of firearm use, (2) likely to have experienced complete threshold recovery if any prior TTS had occurred, based on this study's normal-hearing inclusion criteria, and (3) not at-risk for significant age-related synaptopathic loss, based on this study's young-adult inclusion criteria. 70 participants (age 18-25 yr) were enrolled, including 33 firearm users experimental (EXP), and 37 non-firearm users control (CNTRL). All participants were required to exhibit audiometric thresholds ≤20 dB HL bilaterally, from 0.25 to 8 kHz. The study was designed to test the hypothesis that EXP participants would exhibit a reduced cochlear nerve response compared to CNTRL participants, despite normal-hearing sensitivity in both groups. No statistically significant group differences in auditory performance were detected between the CNTRL and EXP participants on standard audiom to etry, extended high-frequency audiometry, Words-in-Noise performance, distortion product otoacoustic emission, middle ear muscle reflex, or auditory brainstem response. Importantly, 91% of EXP participants reported that they wore hearing protection either "all the time" or "almost all the time" while using firearms. The data suggest that consistent use of hearing protection during firearm use can effectively protect cochlear and neural measures of auditory function, including suprathreshold responses. The current results do not exclude the possibility that neural pathology may be evident in firearm users with less consistent hearing protection use. However, firearm users with less consistent hearing protection use are also more likely to exhibit threshold elevation, among other cochlear deficits, thereby confounding the isolation of any potentially selective neural deficits. Taken together, it seems most likely that firearm users who consistently and correctly use hearing protection will exhibit preserved measures of cochlear and neural function, while firearm users who inconsistently and incorrectly use hearing protection are most likely to exhibit cochlear injury, rather than evidence of selective neural injury in the absence of cochlear injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Grinn
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Colleen G. Le Prell
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
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Engdahl B, Aarhus L. Cohort difference in the association between use of recreational firearms and hearing loss: findings from the HUNT study. Int J Audiol 2022; 62:350-356. [PMID: 35341437 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2050822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The risk of noise injury from recreational firearm use is well known. Despite preventive measures it is uncertain whether it has become less harmful. We assessed whether the association between recreational firearm use and hearing has changed during the last two decades. DESIGN We used a repeated cross-sectional design and determined hearing thresholds by pure-tone audiometry. Frequency-specific associations between recreational firearm use and hearing thresholds were assessed by multivariate linear regression stratified by sex and adjusted for age and other covariates. STUDY SAMPLE Two cross-sectional population-based cohorts 20 years apart (1998 and 2018) comprised 27,580 (53% women, mean age 53 years) and 26,606 individuals (56% women, mean age 54 years), respectively. RESULTS Recreational firearm use was reported by 28% in 1998 and 30% in 2018. The proportion that reported wearing hearing protection increased. Exposure to recreational firearms was associated with elevated thresholds at 3-6 kHz in both cohorts. The association increased with the number of lifetime shots. The associations increased by age and were substantially smaller in the most recent cohort. CONCLUSIONS Analyses of two cohorts revealed a reduction in the association between recreational firearm use and hearing over 20 years, coinciding with the introduction of hearing preservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Engdahl
- Department of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisa Aarhus
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
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